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{{Dablink|For other uses, see [[Pokémon (disambiguation)]]. "Pocket Monsters" redirects here. You may be looking for [[Monster in My Pocket]].}} |
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[[Image:English Pokémon logo.svg|frame|The official [[logo]] of ''Pokémon'', the English variant of the original Japanese ''Poketto Monsutā'']] |
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{{nihongo|'''''Pokémon'''''|ポケモン|Pokemon|extra={{IPAEng|ˈpoʊkeɪmɒn, ˈpɒkimɒn}}}} is a [[media franchise]] owned by the [[video game]] company [[Nintendo]] and created by [[Satoshi Tajiri]] around 1995. Originally released as a pair of interlinkable [[Game Boy line|Game Boy]] [[Console role-playing game|role-playing]] [[video game]]s, ''Pokémon'' has since become the second most successful and lucrative video game-based media franchise in the world, behind only Nintendo's own [[Mario (series)|''Mario'' series]].<ref name="UK paper names top game franchises">{{cite web |url=http://www.gamespot.com/news/6164012.html |title=UK paper names top game franchises |accessdate=2007-02-26|last=Boyes |first=Emma |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= 2007-01-10 |year= |month= |work=GameSpot |publisher=GameSpot UK |pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote=}}</ref> Pokémon properties have since been [[Merchandising|merchandised]] into [[anime]], [[manga]], [[Collectible card game|trading cards]], toys, books, and other media. The franchise celebrated [[Pokémon: Tenth Anniversary|its tenth anniversary]] on February 27, 2006, and {{as of|2008|04|23|lc=y}}, cumulative sales of the video games (including home console versions, such as the "Pikachu" [[Nintendo 64]]) have reached more than 186 million copies.<ref name="pokemon">{{cite press release |url=http://www.nintendo.com/whatsnew/detail/9NH7dkYdedNEp7fwhDrI2NSqsKPVna6B |title=Fans Can Actually Become a Pokémon with Two New Nintendo DS Games |accessdate=2008-04-25 |date=2008-04-23 | publisher=[[Nintendo]]}}</ref> |
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The name ''Pokémon'' is the [[Romanization of Japanese|romanized]] [[contraction (grammar)|contraction]] of the Japanese brand, {{nihongo|"Pocket Monsters" |'''ポケ'''ット'''モン'''スター|'''Poke'''tto '''Mon'''sutā}},<ref name="The Pokemon Series Pokedex @ Gaming Target">{{cite web |url=http://www.gamingtarget.com/article.php?artid=6531 |title=The Pokemon Series Pokedex @ Gaming Target |accessdate=2007-02-28 |last=Swider |first=Matt |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |year= |month= |work=Gaming Target |publisher=Gaming Target |pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote=}}</ref> as such contractions are very common in Japan. The term "Pokémon", in addition to referring to the ''Pokémon'' franchise itself, also collectively refers to the 493 [[List of Pokémon|fictional species]] that have made appearances in ''Pokémon'' media as of the recent release of the newest ''Pokémon'' role-playing games (RPGs) for the [[Nintendo DS]], [[Pokémon Diamond and Pearl|''Pokémon Diamond'' and ''Pearl'']]. Like the words [[deer]] and [[domestic sheep|sheep]], the word "Pokémon" is identical in both the [[singular]] and [[plural]], as is each individual species name; in short, it is grammatically correct to say both "one Pokémon" and "many Pokémon". In November 2005, [[4Kids Entertainment]], which had managed the non-game related licensing of Pokémon, announced that it had agreed not to renew the Pokémon representation agreement. [[The Pokémon Company (Pokémon USA)|Pokémon USA]] Inc., a subsidiary of Japan's Pokémon Co., now oversees all Pokémon licensing outside of Asia.<ref>"[http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=7615 Pokemon USA Moves Licensing In-House]", ''Gamasutra''.</ref> |
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==Collecting and playing== |
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The concept of the ''Pokémon'' universe, in both the video games and the general fictional world of ''Pokémon'', stems from the hobby of [[insect collecting]], a popular pastime which ''Pokémon'' executive director Satoshi Tajiri-Oniwa enjoyed as a child.<ref>"{{cite news |url=http://www.time.com/time/asia/magazine/99/1122/pokemon6.fullinterview1.html |title=The Ultimate Game Freak: Interview with Satoshi Tajiri |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20050314021722/http://www.time.com/time/asia/magazine/99/1122/pokemon6.fullinterview1.html |archivedate=2005-03-14}}", ''TimeAsia'' ([[Waybacked]]).</ref> Players of the games are designated as [[Pokémon Trainer]]s, and the two general goals (in most ''Pokémon'' games) for such Trainers are: to complete the [[Gameplay of Pokémon#Pokédex|Pokédex]] by collecting all of the available Pokémon species found in the fictional region where that game takes place; and to train a team of powerful Pokémon from those they have caught to compete against teams owned by other Trainers, and eventually become the strongest Trainer, the Pokémon Master. These themes of collecting, training, and battling are present in almost every version of the ''Pokémon'' franchise, including the [[Pokémon (video game series)|video games]], the [[Pokémon (anime)|anime]] and manga series, and the [[Pokémon Trading Card Game]]. |
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In most incarnations of the fictional ''Pokémon'' universe, a Trainer that encounters a wild Pokémon is able to capture that Pokémon by throwing a specially designed, mass-producible tool called a [[Gameplay of Pokémon#Poké Ball|Poké Ball]] at it. If the Pokémon is unable to escape the confines of the Poké Ball, that Pokémon is officially considered under the ownership of that Trainer. Afterward, it will obey whatever commands its new master issues to it from that point onward, unless the Trainer demonstrates enough of a lack of experience that the Pokémon would rather act on its own accord. Trainers can send out any of their Pokémon to wage non-lethal battles against other Pokémon; if the opposing Pokémon is wild, the Trainer can capture that Pokémon with a Poké Ball, increasing his or her collection of creatures. Pokémon already owned by other Trainers cannot be captured, except under special circumstances in certain games. If a Pokémon fully defeats an opponent in battle so that the opponent is knocked out (i.e., "faints"), the winning Pokémon gains experience and may [[experience point#level-based progression|level up]]. When leveling up, the Pokémon's statistics ("[[Gameplay of Pokémon#stats|stats]]") of battling aptitude increase, such as Attack and Speed. From time to time the Pokémon may also learn new [[Gameplay of Pokémon#Pokémon moves|moves]], which are techniques used in battle. In addition, many species of Pokémon possess the ability to undergo a form of [[metamorphosis]] and transform into a similar but stronger species of Pokémon, a process called [[Gameplay of Pokémon#Pokémon evolution|evolution]]. |
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In the main series, each game's single-player mode requires the Trainer to raise a team of Pokémon to defeat many [[non-player character]] (NPC) Trainers and their Pokémon. Each game lays out a somewhat linear path through a specific region of the Pokémon world for the Trainer to journey through, completing events and battling opponents along the way. Each game features eight especially powerful Trainers, referred to as [[List of Pokémon characters#Gym Leaders|Gym Leaders]], that the Trainer must defeat in order to progress. As a reward, the Trainer receives a Gym Badge, and once all eight badges are collected, that Trainer is eligible to challenge the region's Pokémon League, where four immensely talented trainers (referred to collectively as the "[[List of Pokémon characters#Members of the Elite Four|Elite Four]]") challenge the Trainer to four Pokémon battles in succession. If the trainer can overcome this gauntlet, he or she must then challenge the Regional Champion, the master Trainer who had previously defeated the Elite Four. Any Trainer who wins this last battle becomes the new champion and gains the title of Pokémon Master. |
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==Video games== |
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{{main|Pokémon (video game series)}} |
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===Generations=== |
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<!--Please don't delete/rename this header as it is linked to/from a number of places.-->The original Pokémon games were Japanese [[Console role-playing game|RPGs]] with an element of strategy, and were created by Satoshi Tajiri for the [[Game Boy]]. These role-playing games, and their sequels, remakes, and English language translations, are still considered the "main" Pokémon games, and the games which most fans of the series are referring to when they use the term "Pokémon games". All of the licensed Pokémon properties overseen by [[The Pokémon Company (Pokémon USA)|The Pokémon Company]] are divided roughly by generation. These generations are roughly [[chronology|chronological]] divisions by release; every several years, when an official sequel in the main RPG series is released that features new Pokémon, characters, and gameplay concepts, that sequel is considered the start of a new generation of the franchise. The main games and their spin-offs, the anime, manga, and trading card game are all updated with the new Pokémon properties each time a new generation begins. The franchise is in its fourth generation.[[Image:Bulbasaur pokemon red.png|thumb|right|A level 5 [[Bulbasaur]] involved in a battle with a level 5 [[List of Pokémon (1-20)#Charmander|Charmander]] in ''[[Pokémon Red and Blue]]''.<ref> MacDonald, Mark; Brokaw, Brian; Arnold; J. Douglas; Elies, Mark. Pokémon Trainer's Guide. Sandwich Islands Publishing, 1999. ISBN 0-439-15404-9. (pg73)</ref>]] |
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The Pokémon franchise started off in its first generation with its initial release of [[Pokémon Red and Blue#Pocket Monsters|''Pocket Monsters Aka'' and ''Midori'']] ("Red" and "Green", respectively) for the [[Game Boy]] in Japan. When these games proved extremely popular, an enhanced ''Ao'' ("Blue") version was released sometime after, and the ''Ao'' version was reprogrammed as [[Pokémon Red and Blue|''Pokémon Red'' and ''Blue'']] for international release. The games launched in the United States on September 30, 1998. The original ''Aka'' and ''Midori'' versions were never released outside of Japan.<ref>[http://www.gamefaqs.com/portable/gameboy/data/924467.html "Pokémon Green Info on GameFAQs"] ''gamefaqs.com''. Retrieved February 23, 2007</ref> Afterwards, a further enhanced remake titled ''[[Pokémon Red and Blue#Pokémon Yellow|Pokémon Yellow: Special Pikachu Edition]]'' was released to partially take advantage of the color palette of the [[Game Boy Color]], as well as to feature more elements from the popular [[Pokémon (anime)|Pokémon anime]]. This first generation of games introduced the original 151 species of Pokémon (in [[List of Pokémon|National Pokédex]] order, encompassing all Pokémon from [[Bulbasaur]] to [[Mew (Pokémon)|Mew]]), as well as the basic game concepts of capturing, training, battling, and trading Pokémon with both computer and human players. These versions of the games take place within the fictional [[Kanto (Pokémon)|Kanto]] [[Pokémon regions|region]], though the name "Kanto" was not used until the second generation. |
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The second generation of Pokémon began in 2000 with the release of [[Pokémon Gold and Silver|''Pokémon Gold'' and ''Silver'']] for [[Game Boy Color]]. Like the previous generation, an enhanced remake titled ''[[Pokémon Gold and Silver#Pokémon Crystal|Pokémon Crystal]]'' was later released. The second generation introduced 100 new species of Pokémon (starting with [[List of Pokémon (141-160)#Chikorita|Chikorita]] and ending with [[List of Pokémon (241-260)#Celebi|Celebi]]), with a total of 251 Pokémon to collect, train, and battle. The [[Pokémon mini]] is a [[handheld game console]] released in November 2001 in North America, December 2001 in Japan, and 2002 in Europe. ''Pokémon'' entered its third generation with the 2003 release of [[Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire|''Pokémon Ruby'' and ''Sapphire'']] for [[Game Boy Advance]] and continued with the Game Boy Advance remakes of ''Pokémon Red and Blue'', [[Pokémon FireRed and LeafGreen|''Pokémon FireRed'' and ''LeafGreen'']], and an enhanced remake of ''Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire'' titled ''[[Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire#Pokémon Emerald|Pokémon Emerald]]''. |
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The third generation introduced 135 new Pokémon (starting with [[List of Pokémon (241-260)#Treecko|Treecko]] and ending with [[List of Pokémon (381-400)#Deoxys|Deoxys]]) for a total of 386 species. However, this generation also garnered some criticism for leaving out several gameplay features, including the day-and-night system introduced in the previous generation, and it was also the first installment that encouraged the player to collect merely a selected assortment of the total number of Pokémon rather than every existing species (202 out of 386 species are catchable in the ''Ruby'' and ''Sapphire'' versions). In 2006, Japan began the fourth generation of the franchise with the release of [[Pokémon Diamond and Pearl|''Pokémon Diamond'' and ''Pearl'']] for Nintendo DS. |
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The fourth generation introduces another 107 new species of Pokémon (starting with [[List of Pokémon (381-400)#Turtwig|Turtwig]] and ending with [[List of Pokémon (481-493)#Arceus|Arceus]]), bringing the total of Pokémon species to 493.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://au.ds.ign.com/articles/778/778464p1.html |title=The Countdown to Diamond and Pearl, Part 4|publisher=IGN|author=Lucas M. Thomas|date=April 4, 2007|accessdate=2008-06-29}}</ref> The [[Nintendo DS]] "touch screen" allows new features to the game such as cooking poffins with the stylus and using the "Pokétch". New gameplay concepts include a restructured [[Gameplay of Pokémon#Pokémon moves|move]]-classification system, online multiplayer trading and battling via [[Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection]], the return (and expansion) of the second generation's day-and-night system, the expansion of the third generation's Pokémon Contests into "Super Contests", and the new region of [[Sinnoh]], which has an underground component for multiplayer gameplay in addition to the main overworld. ''[[Pokémon Platinum]]'', the enhanced remake of Diamond and Pearl, much like Pokémon Yellow, Crystal, and Emerald, was released September 2008 in Japan, March 2009 in North America, and is scheduled to be released in Australia and Europe in May 2009. Spin-off titles in the fourth generation include the ''Pokémon Stadium'' follow-up ''[[Pokémon Battle Revolution]]'' for [[Wii]], which has Wi-Fi connectivity as well.<ref>"[http://www.cubed3.com/news/5349 Cubed3 Pokémon Battle Revolution Confirmed for Wii]" and soon Pokémon Mistery Dungeon 2: Darkness Exploration Team, and Time Exploration Team ''Cubed3.com''. URL Accessed June 7, 2006.</ref> |
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===Game mechanics=== |
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{{main|Gameplay of Pokémon}} |
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====Starter Pokémon==== |
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{{main|Gameplay of Pokémon#Starter Pokémon|l1=Starter Pokémon}} |
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One of the consistent aspects of the [[Pokémon (video game series)|''Pokémon'' games]] — spanning from [[Pokémon Red and Blue|''Pokémon Red'' and ''Blue'']] on the [[Game Boy line|Nintendo Game Boy]] to the [[Nintendo DS]] game, [[Pokémon Diamond and Pearl|''Pokémon Diamond'' and ''Pearl'']] — is the choice of one of three different Pokémon at the start of the player's adventures; these three are often labeled "starter Pokémon". Players can choose a [[Gameplay of Pokémon#Pokémon types|Grass-type]], a Fire-type, or a Water-type.<ref name=spy> [http://uk.gba.gamespy.com/gameboy-advance/pokemon-ruby-version/498107p1.html ''Pokémon Ruby'' review (page 1)] ''Gamespy.com''. Retrieved May 30, 2006.</ref> For example, in ''Pokémon Red'' and ''Blue'' (and their respective reworks, ''Pokémon FireRed'' and ''Pokémon LeafGreen''), the player has the choice of starting with [[Bulbasaur]], [[List of Pokémon (1-20)#Charmander|Charmander]], or [[List of Pokémon (1-20)#Squirtle|Squirtle]]. The exception to this rule is ''[[Pokémon Red and Blue#Pokémon Yellow|Pokémon Yellow]]'' (a remake of the original games that follows the story of the ''[[Pokémon (anime)|Pokémon anime]]''), where players are given a [[Pikachu]], an [[Gameplay of Pokémon#Pokémon types|Electric-type]] mouse Pokémon, famous for being the mascot of the Pokémon media franchise; in this game, however, the three starter Pokémon from ''Red'' and ''Blue'' can be obtained during the quest by a single player, something that is not possible in any other installment of the franchise.<ref>[http://uk.gameboy.ign.com/articles/162/162045p1.html ''Pokémon Yellow'' Critical Review] ''Ign.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2006.</ref> Another consistent aspect is that the player's rival will always choose as his or her starter Pokémon the one that has a type advantage over the player's Pokémon. For instance, if the player picks a Grass-type Pokémon, the rival will always pick the fire-type starter. Of course, the exception to this is again ''Pokémon Yellow'', in which the rival picks an [[List of Pokémon (121-140)#Eevee|Eevee]], but whether this Eevee evolves into [[List of Pokémon (121-140)#Jolteon|Jolteon]], [[List of Pokémon (121-140)#Vaporeon|Vaporeon]], or [[List of Pokémon (121-140)#Flareon|Flareon]] is decided by when the player wins and loses to the rival through the journey. |
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====Pokédex==== |
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{{main|Gameplay of Pokémon#Pokédex}} |
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The [[Gameplay of Pokémon#Pokédex|Pokédex]] is a fictional electronic device featured in the ''Pokémon'' [[video game]] and [[Pokémon (anime)|anime]] series. In the games, whenever a Pokémon is first captured, its data will be added to a player's Pokédex, but in the anime or [[Pokémon Adventures|manga]], the Pokédex is a comprehensive electronic reference encyclopedia, usually referred to in order to deliver [[Exposition (literary technique)|exposition]]. "Pokédex" is also used to refer to a list of Pokémon, usually a list of Pokémon by number. In the video games, a [[Pokémon Trainer]] is issued a blank device at the start of the journey. A trainer must then attempt to fill the Pokédex by encountering and at least briefly obtaining each of the different species of Pokémon. A player will receive the name and image of a Pokémon after encountering one that was not previously in the Pokédex, typically after battling said Pokémon either in the wild or in a trainer battle (with the exceptions of link battles and tournament battles, such as in the [[Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire#Pokémon Emerald|Battle Frontier]]). In ''Pokémon Red'' and ''Blue'', some Pokémon's data is added to the Pokédex simply by viewing the Pokémon, such as in the zoo outside of the Safari Zone. Also, certain NPC characters may add to the Pokédex by explaining what a Pokémon looks like during conversation. More detailed information is available after the player obtains a member of the species, either through capturing the Pokémon in the wild, evolving a previously captured Pokémon, hatching a Pokémon egg (from the second generation onwards), or through a trade with another trainer (either an NPC or another player). This information includes height, weight, species type, and a short description of the Pokémon. Later versions of the Pokédex have more detailed information, like the size of a certain Pokémon compared to the player character, or Pokémon being sorted by their habitat (so far, the latter feature is only in the ''FireRed'' and ''LeafGreen'' versions). The most current forms of Pokédex are capable of containing information on all Pokémon currently known. The [[Nintendo GameCube|GameCube]] games, ''[[Pokémon Colosseum]]'' and ''[[Pokémon XD: Gale of Darkness]]'', have a Pokémon Digital Assistant (P{{Unicode|★}}DA) which is similar to the Pokédex, but also tells what types are effective against a Pokémon and gives a description of its abilities.<ref>Official Pokémon Scenario Guide Diamond and Pearl version p. 30-31</ref> |
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==In other media== |
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===Anime series=== |
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{{Main|Pokémon (anime)}} |
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[[Image:Pokémon episode 1 screenshot.png|thumb|250px|left|[[Ash Ketchum]] and [[Pikachu]] together in the pilot episode, "[[Pokémon, I Choose You!]]"]] |
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The ''Pokémon'' anime [[Television program|series]] and [[film]]s are a meta-series of adventures separate from the [[canon (fiction)|canon]] that most of the ''Pokémon'' video games follow (with the exception of ''[[Pokémon Red and Blue#Pokémon Yellow|Pokémon Yellow]]'', a game based loosely on the anime storyline). The anime follows the quest of the main character, [[Ash Ketchum]]<ref name=ash> [http://www.psypokes.com/anime/index.php ''Pokémon'' anime overview] ''Psypokes.com''. Retrieved May 25, 2006.</ref> (known as Satoshi in Japan) a Pokémon Master in training, as he and a small group of friends<ref name=ash/> travel around the fictitious world of Pokémon along with their Pokémon partners. The original series, titled ''Pocket Monsters'', or simply ''Pokémon'' in western countries (often referred to as ''Pokémon: Gotta Catch 'Em All'' to distinguish it from the later series), begins with Ash's first day as a Pokémon trainer. His first (and signature) Pokémon is a [[Pikachu]], differing from the games, where only [[Bulbasaur]], [[List of Pokémon (1-20)#Charmander|Charmander]], or [[List of Pokémon (1-20)#Squirtle|Squirtle]] could be chosen.<ref> ''Pokémon 10th Anniversary, Vol. 1 - Pikachu'', Viz Video., June 6, 2006. {{ASIN|B000F4PDE4}}</ref> The series follows the storyline of the original games, [[Pokémon Red and Blue|''Pokémon Red'' and ''Blue'']], in the region of [[Kanto (Pokémon)|Kanto]]. Accompanying Ash on his journeys are [[Brock (Pokémon)|Brock]], the Pewter City Gym Leader, and [[Misty (Pokémon)|Misty]], the youngest of the Gym Leader sisters from Cerulean City. ''Pokémon: Adventures in the Orange Islands'' follows Ash's adventures in the Orange Islands, a place unique to the anime, and replaces Brock with [[List of characters in the Pokémon anime series#Tracey Sketchit|Tracey Sketchit]], an artist and "Pokémon watcher". The next series, based on the second generation of games, include ''Pokémon: Johto Journeys'', ''Pokémon: Johto League Champions'', and ''Pokémon: Master Quest'', following the original trio of Ash, Brock, and Misty in the western [[Johto]] region. The saga continues in ''Pokémon: Advanced Battle'', based on the third generation games. Ash and company travel to [[Hoenn]], a southern region in the Pokémon World. Ash takes on the role of a teacher and mentor for a novice Pokémon trainer named [[List of characters in the Pokémon anime series#May|May]]. Her brother [[List of characters in the Pokémon anime series#Max|Max]] accompanies them, and though he isn't a trainer, he knows large amounts of handy information. Brock (from the original series) soon catches up with Ash, but Misty has returned to Cerulean City to tend to her duties as a gym leader (Misty, along with other recurring characters, appears in the spin-off series ''[[Pokémon Chronicles]]''). The Advanced Battle series concludes with the ''Battle Frontier'' saga, based on the ''Emerald'' version and including aspects of ''FireRed'' and ''LeafGreen''. The most recent series is the ''Diamond and Pearl'' series, with Max leaving to pick his starter Pokémon, and May going to the Grand Festival in Johto. Ash, Brock, and a new companion named [[List of characters in the Pokémon anime series#Dawn|Dawn]] travel through the region of [[Sinnoh]]. In addition to the TV series, eleven [[Pokémon (anime)#anime films|Pokémon films]] have been made, with a twelfth to be released in Japan in July 2009. Collective bonuses, such as promotional trading cards, have been available with some of the films. |
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===Films=== |
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#''[[Pokémon: The First Movie]]'' (1998) |
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#''[[Pokémon: The Movie 2000]]'' (1999) |
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#''[[Pokémon 3: The Movie]]'' (2000) |
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#''[[Pokémon 4Ever]]'' (2001) |
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#''[[Pokémon Heroes]]'' (2002) |
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#''[[Pokémon: Jirachi Wish Maker]]'' (2003) |
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#''[[Pokémon: Destiny Deoxys]]'' (2004) |
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#''[[Pokémon: Lucario and the Mystery of Mew]]'' (2005) |
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#''[[Pokémon Ranger and the Temple of the Sea]]'' (2006) |
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#''[[Pokémon: The Rise of Darkrai]]'' (2007) |
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#''[[Pokémon: Giratina and the Sky Warrior]]'' (2008) |
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#''[[Chōkoku no Jikū e|To the Overcoming of Space-Time]]'' (2009) |
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*''Note: Given release dates are for the original Japanese releases'' |
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===Soundtracks=== |
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[[Image:Pokémon 2BA Master.jpg|225px|right|thumb|The 2.B.A. Master CD.]] |
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There have been several Pokémon CDs that have been released in North America, most of them in conjunction with the theatrical releases of the first three Pokémon films. These releases were commonplace until late 2001. On March 27, 2007, a tenth anniversary CD was released containing 18 tracks from the English dub; this was the first English-language release in over five years. Soundtracks of the Pokémon feature films have been released in Japan each year in conjunction with the theatrical releases. |
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{| class="wikitable" border="1" |
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|- |
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! Year |
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! Title |
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|- |
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| June 29, 1999<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cduniverse.com/search/xx/music/pid/1285647/a/2.B.A.+Master.htm |title=Pokémon 2.B.A. Master Soundtrack CD |accessdate=2008-07-18}}</ref> |
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| ''[[List of Pokémon theme songs#Pokémon 2BA Master|Pokémon 2BA Master]]'' |
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|- |
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| November 9, 1999<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cduniverse.com/search/xx/music/pid/1097954/a/Pokemon:+The+First+Movie.htm |title=Pokémon: The First Movie Soundtrack CD |accessdate=2008-07-18}}</ref> |
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| ''[[Pokémon: The First Movie (soundtrack)|Pokémon: The First Movie]]'' |
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|- |
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| February 8, 2000 |
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| ''Pokémon World'' |
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|- |
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| May 9, 2000 |
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| ''Pokémon: The First Movie Original Motion Picture Score'' |
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|- |
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| July 18, 2000 |
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| [[Pokémon: The Movie 2000#soundtrack 2|Pokémon: The Movie 2000]] |
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|- |
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| 2000 |
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| ''Pokémon The Movie 2000 Original Motion Picture Score'' |
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|- |
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| January 23, 2001 |
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| ''Totally Pokémon'' |
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|- |
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| April 3, 2001 |
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| ''[[Pokémon 3: The Movie#Soundtrack|Pokémon 3: The Ultimate Soundtrack]]'' |
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|- |
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| October 9, 2001 |
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| ''[[List of Pokémon theme songs#Pokémon Christmas Bash|Pokémon Christmas Bash]]'' |
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|- |
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| March 27, 2007 |
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| ''[[List of Pokémon theme songs#Pokémon X: Ten Years of Pokémon|Pokémon X: Ten Years of Pokémon]]'' |
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|} |
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===Pokémon Trading Card Game=== |
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{{main|Pokémon Trading Card Game}} |
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[[Image:DP01 011 Palkia.jpg|left|150px|thumb|[[List of Pokémon (481-493)#Palkia|Palkia]], the Spacial Pokémon ''Trading Card Game'' card from ''Pokémon TCG Diamond and Pearl''.]] The ''[[Pokémon Trading Card Game]]'' is a [[collectible card game]] with a goal similar to a Pokémon battle in the video game series. Players use Pokémon cards, with individual strengths and weaknesses, in an attempt to defeat their opponent by "knocking out" his or her Pokémon cards.<ref> {{cite web |url=http://www.pokemon-tcg.com/p_strategy/rulebooks/book_68.jsp#433 |title= ''Pokémon Trading Card Game'' "How to play" guide |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20070522120208/http://www.pokemon-tcg.com/p_strategy/rulebooks/book_68.jsp |archivedate=2007-05-22}} ''Pokemon-tcg.com''. URL Accessed July 3, 2006.</ref> The game was first published in North America by [[Wizards of the Coast]] in 1999.<ref name=wiz> [http://ww2.wizards.com/Company/Misc/Index.aspx?doc=pr_20030312b ''Pokémon Trading Card Game'' News; "Pokémon Ruby & Sapphire TCG Releases"] ''Wizards.com''. URL Accessed July 3, 2006.</ref> However, with the release of [[Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire|''Pokémon Ruby'' and ''Sapphire'']] [[Game Boy Advance]] [[video game]]s, [[The Pokémon Company (Pokémon USA)|Nintendo USA]] took back the card game from Wizards of the Coast and started publishing the cards themselves.<ref name=wiz/> The Expedition expansion introduced the ''Pokémon-e Trading Card Game'', where the cards (for the most part) were compatible with the [[Nintendo e-Reader]]. Nintendo discontinued its production of e-Reader compatible cards with the release of EX FireRed & LeafGreen. In 1998, Nintendo released a [[Game Boy Color]] version of the trading card game in Japan; [[Pokémon Trading Card Game (video game)|Pokémon Trading Card Game]] was subsequently released to the US and Europe in 2000. The game included digital versions cards from the original set of cards and the first two expansions (Jungle and Fossil), as well as several cards exclusive to the game. A Japan-exclusive sequel was released in 2001.<ref>[http://www.gamefaqs.com/portable/gbcolor/data/581059.html "Pokemon Card GB2 info on GameFAQs"] URL Accessed June 8, 2008</ref> |
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===Manga=== |
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{{main|Pokémon (manga)}} |
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There are various ''Pokémon'' [[manga]] series, four of which were released in English by [[Viz Media|Viz Communications]], and seven of them released in English by [[Chuang Yi]]. The manga differs greatly from the video games and cartoons in that the trainers, though frowned upon, were able to kill the opponent's Pokémon. |
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;Manga released in English |
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*''[[Pokémon (manga)|The Electric Tale of Pikachu]]'' (a.k.a ''Dengeki Pikachu''), a [[shōnen manga]] created by Toshihiro Ono. It was divided into four [[tankōbon]], each given a separate title in the North American and English Singapore versions: ''The Electric Tale of Pikachu'', ''Pikachu Shocks Back'', ''Electric Pikachu Boogaloo'', and ''Surf’s Up, Pikachu''. The series is based loosely on the anime. |
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*''[[Pokémon Adventures]]'', a shōnen manga based on the video games. |
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*''[[Magical Pokémon Journey]]'' (a.k.a. Pocket Monsters PiPiPi ★ Adventures), a [[shōjo manga]] |
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*''[[Pokémon (manga)|Pikachu Meets the Press]]'' (newspaper style comics, not released by Chuang Yi) |
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*''[[List of Pokémon chapters#Ash & Pikachu|Ash & Pikachu]]'' (a.k.a. Satoshi to Pikachu, not released by Viz) |
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*''[[List of Pokémon chapters#Pokémon Gold & Silver The Golden Boys|Pokémon Gold & Silver]]'' (not released by Viz) |
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*''[[List of Pokémon chapters#Pokémon Ruby-Sapphire|Pokémon Ruby-Sapphire]]'' and ''Pokémon Pocket Monsters'' (not released by Viz) |
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*''[[List of Pokémon chapters#Pokémon Jirachi Wish Maker|Pokémon: Jirachi Wish Maker]]'' (not released by Viz) |
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*''[[List of Pokémon chapters#Pokémon Destiny Deoxys|Pokémon: Destiny Deoxys]]'' (not released by Viz) |
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*''[[List of Pokémon chapters#Pokémon Lucario and the Mystery of Mew|Pokémon: Lucario and the Mystery of Mew]]'' (the third movie-to-comic adaptation) |
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;Manga not released in English |
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*''Pokémon Card ni Natta Wake'' (''How I Became a Pokémon Card'') by Kagemaru Himeno, an artist for the TCG. There are six volumes and each includes a special promotional card. The stories tell the tales of the art behind some of Himeno’s cards. |
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*''Pokémon Get aa ze!'' by Asada Miho |
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*''Pocket Monsters Chamo-Chamo ★ Pretty ♪'' by Yumi Tsukirino, who also made ''Magical Pokémon Journey''. |
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*''Pokémon Card Master'' |
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*''Pocket Monsters Emerald Chōsen!! Battle Frontier'' by Ihara Shigekatsu |
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*''[[List of Pokémon chapters#Pocket Monsters Zensho|Pocket Monsters Zensho]]'' by Satomi Nakamura |
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==Criticism and controversy== |
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{{POV-section|date=April 2009}} |
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===Morality=== |
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Pokémon has been criticized by some [[Christian]]s, [[Jews]], and [[Muslims]]; Christian concerns over Pokémon have primarily addressed perceived [[occult]]ic and [[violence|violent]] themes as well as the concept of "[[Gameplay of Pokémon#Pokémon evolution|Pokémon evolution]]" (which some relate to the [[creation-evolution controversy|theory of evolution]]), which is said to go against the biblical creation account in Genesis.<ref>Carder, Thomas A. [http://www.capalert.com/capreports/pokemonthemovie.htm Pokemon: The Movie (1999)].[[ChildCare Action Project]]: 1999</ref> The [[Holy See|Vatican]], however, has countered that the Pokémon trading card game and video games are "full of inventive imagination" and have no "harmful moral side effects".<ref>Silverman, Stephen M. [http://www.people.com/people/article/0,26334,620818,00.html Pokemon Gets Religion]. ''[[People (magazine)|People]]''</ref> In the United Kingdom, the "Christian Power Cards" game was introduced in 1999 by David Tate who stated, "Some people aren't happy with Pokémon and want an alternative, others just want Christian games." The game was similar to the Pokémon TCG but used Biblical figures. <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/808361.stm Pokémon trumped by pocket saints]. [[BBC]]: June 27, 2000.</ref> In 1999, the [[Judaism|Jewish]] civil rights group [[Anti-Defamation League]] also pressured Nintendo to edit the image of the Pokémon trading cards for [[List of Pokémon (41-60)#Golbat|Golbat]] and [[List of Pokémon (121-140)#Ditto|Ditto]] because the cards depicted a left-facing [[swastika#Other Asian traditions|manji]], which the League interpreted as [[antisemitism]], although these cards had been intended for sale only in Japan with Nintendo planning to release edited versions in North America the following year.<ref>Fitzgerald, Jim. {{cite news |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-4525479.html |title=`Swastika' Pokemon card dropped |last=Fitzgerald|first=Jim|date=1999-12-03|work=[[Chicago Sun-Times]]|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20071211235110/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4155/is_19991203/ai_n13847438|archivedate=2007-12-11}}</ref> In 2001, [[Saudi Arabia]] banned Pokémon games and cards, alleging that the franchise promoted [[Zionism]] in violation of [[Islam|Muslim]] doctrine.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archives.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/meast/03/26/saudi.pokemon/ |title=Saudi bans Pokemon |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080118135529/http://archives.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/meast/03/26/saudi.pokemon/ |archivedate=2008-01-18}}. ''March 26, 2001, [[CNN]].com''. Retrieved on July 22, 2007.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/1243307.stm|title=Saudi Arabia bans Pokemon|date=2001-03-26|work=BBC News|accessdate=2009-02-13}}</ref> Pokémon has also been accused of promoting [[cockfight]]ing<ref>Hunter, Matthew Scott. [http://www.lasvegasweekly.com/news/archive/2007/may/08/be-free-little-pokemon/ Be Free Little Pokemon!].</ref> and [[materialism]].<ref>Ramlow, Todd R. [http://www.popmatters.com/film/reviews/p/pokemon-the-movie-2000.shtml Pokemon, or rather, Pocket Money]. Popmatters: 2000</ref> In 1999, two nine-year-old boys sued Nintendo because they claimed that the [[Pokémon Trading Card Game]] caused their [[problem gambling|problematic gambling]].<ref>Crowley, Kieran. {{cite web |url=http://www.nypost.com/news/14579.htm |title=Lawsuit Slams Pokemon As Bad Bet for Addicted Kids |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20001022030204/http://www.nypost.com/news/14579.htm |archivedate=2000-10-22}}. ''[[New York Post]]'': October 1999</ref> |
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===Health=== |
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<!-- THE SEIZURES WERE CAUSED BY '''FLASHING''' COLORS, STILLS WILL NOT BLIND PEOPLE!-->{{main|Dennō Senshi Porygon}} |
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On December 16, 1997, more than 635 Japanese children were admitted to hospitals with [[seizure|epileptic seizure]]s. It was determined that the seizures were caused by watching an episode of Pokémon, "[[Dennō Senshi Porygon]]", (most commonly translated "Electric Soldier Porygon", season 1, episode 38); as a result, this episode has not been aired since. In this particular episode, there were bright explosions with rapidly alternating blue and red color patterns.<ref>[http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/pokemon.html Pokemon packs a punch] URL accessed January 7, 2007.</ref> It was determined in subsequent research that these strobing light effects cause some individuals to have epileptic seizures, even if the person had no previous history of [[epilepsy]].<ref>"{{cite web |url=http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/1999/06/990601080722.htm |title=Color Changes in TV Cartoons Cause Seizures |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20041108175456/http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/1999/06/990601080722.htm |archivedate=2004-11-08}}", ''ScienceDaily'' ([[Internet Archive|Waybacked]]).</ref> This incident is the most common focus of Pokémon-related parodies in other media, and was lampooned by ''[[The Simpsons]]'' episode "[[Thirty Minutes over Tokyo]]"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.snpp.com/episodes/AABF20|title=Thirty Minutes Over Tokyo|publisher=The Simpsons Archive|accessdate=2008-07-16}}</ref> and the ''[[South Park]]'' episode "[[Chinpokomon]]",<ref>{{cite web |url=http://209.85.173.104/search?q=cache:wZfySARP7DMJ:www.arts.auckland.ac.nz/FileGet.cfm%3FID%3D1cff12f4-03a2-4126-b886-16b7669da213+south+park+pokemon+parody&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=6&gl=us&client=firefox-a |title=South Park Goes Global: Reading Japan in Pokemon |publisher=[[University of Auckland]] |accessdate=2008-09-30}}</ref> among others. |
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===Monster in My Pocket=== |
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In March 2000, Morrison Entertainment Group, a small toy developer based at [[Manhattan Beach, California]], sued Nintendo over claims that Pokémon infringed on its own "[[Monster in My Pocket]]" characters. A judge ruled that there was no infringement, so Morrison appealed the ruling in November 2001.<ref>{{cite news|last=Bronstad|first=Amanda|title=Toy Firm Will Appeal 'Pocket Monster' Suit|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m5072/is_46_23/ai_80165415|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20071015132351/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m5072/is_46_23/ai_80165415|archivedate=2007-10-15|work=Los Angeles Business Journal|publisher=FindArticles.com|date=2001-11-12|accessdate=2008-09-01}}</ref> |
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==Cultural influence== |
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[[Image:ana.b747.pokemon.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|left|200|[[All Nippon Airways]] [[Boeing 747|Boeing 747-400]] in Pokémon livery.]]''Pokémon'', being a popular franchise, has undoubtedly left its mark on [[popular culture|pop culture]]. The ''Pokémon'' characters themselves have become pop culture icons; examples include two different [[Pikachu]] balloons in the [[Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade]], a [[:Image:ana.b747.pokemon.arp.750pix.jpg|Pokémon-styled]] [[Boeing 747-400]], thousands of merchandise items, and a [[Poképark|theme park]] in [[Nagoya|Nagoya, Japan]] in 2005 and [[Taipei]] in 2006. Pokémon also appeared on the cover of the U.S. magazine ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' in 1999. The Comedy Central show ''[[Drawn Together]]'' has a character named [[Ling-Ling]] which is a direct parody of Pikachu.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://trsrockin.com/ripoffs.html|title=Pokemon Rip-offs|accessdate=2008-06-29}}</ref> Several other shows such as ''[[ReBoot]]'', ''[[Thirty Minutes over Tokyo|The Simpsons]]'', ''[[Chinpokomon|South Park]]'', ''[[The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy]]'', ''[[Robot Chicken]]'' and ''[[All Grown Up!]]'' have made references and spoofs of ''Pokémon'', among other series. Pokémon was also featured on [[VH1]]'s ''[[I Love the '90s: Part Deux]]''. A live action show called ''[[Pokémon Live!]]'' toured the United States in late 2000. It was based on the popular [[Pokémon (anime)|Pokémon anime]], but had some continuity errors relating to it. |
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In November 2001, Nintendo opened a store called the Pokémon Center in New York, in New York's [[Rockefeller Center]],<ref>[http://www.auctionbytes.com/cab/abn/y01/m11/i19/s03 Opening Date of Store]</ref> modeled after the two other Pokémon Center stores in Tokyo and [[Osaka]] and named after a staple of the videogame series; Pokémon Centers are fictional buildings where Trainers take their injured Pokémon to be healed after combat.<ref>[http://www.pokezam.com/pokemon/pokecenterny/ Information on the Store]</ref> The store sold Pokémon merchandise on a total of two floors, with items ranging from collectible shirts to stuffed Pokémon [[stuffed animal|plushies]].<ref>[http://www.bigapplevisitorscenter.com/kids.htm Tour Site Page]</ref> The store also featured a ''Pokémon Distributing Machine'' in which players would place their game to receive an egg of a Pokémon that is being given out at that time. The store also had tables that were open for players of the [[Pokémon Trading Card Game]] to duel each other or an employee. The store was closed and replaced by the [[Nintendo World Store]] on May 14, 2005.<ref>[http://ml.wisdomdigital.com/listingsinfo.cfm?id=62&table=Shopping&lid=7&cat=19 Manhattan Living Page On Store]</ref> |
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==See also== |
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{{col-begin}} |
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{{col-2}} |
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;Pokémon general |
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*[[List of Pokémon]] |
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*[[List of Pokémon characters]] |
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*[[Gameplay of Pokémon#Items|List of Pokémon items]] |
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*[[Gameplay of Pokémon#Poké Ball|Poké Ball]] |
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*[[Gameplay of Pokémon#Pokédex|Pokédex]] |
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*[[Pokémon regions]] |
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; Books |
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*[[Pokémon (manga)|Pokémon manga]] |
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{{col-2}} |
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;Games |
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*[[Gameplay of Pokémon]] |
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*[[List of Pokémon video games]] |
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*[[Pokémon Trading Card Game]] |
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*[[Pokémon (video game series)|Pokémon video game series]] |
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;Television |
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*[[Banned episodes of Pokémon]] |
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*[[List of Pokémon episodes]] |
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*[[Pokémon (anime)]] |
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*[[Pokémon Chronicles]] |
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{{col-end}} |
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==References== |
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<div class="references-small"> |
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;Books |
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*Tobin, Joseph, ed. ''Pikachu's Global Adventure: The Rise and Fall of Pokémon.'' Duke University Press., February, 2004. ISBN 0-8223-3287-6.</div> |
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;Notes |
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{{reflist|2}} |
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==External links== |
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<!-- Don't add any more External Links without first discussing it on the talk page --> |
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{{portal|Pokémon}} |
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{{Wikiquote}} |
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{{Wiktionary}} |
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{{Commons}} |
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*[http://www.pokemon.com/ Official website] |
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*[http://www.pokemon.co.jp/ Official Japanese website] |
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*[http://www.go-pokemon.com/ Official Trading Card Game website] |
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*[http://bulbapedia.bulbagarden.net/wiki/Main_Page Bulbapedia] - An external wiki |
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{{Pokemon}} |
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[[Category:Pokémon|*]] |
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[[Category:Video game controversies]] |
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