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! English Translation
! English Translation
|-
|-
| style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<poem>Bedecke deinen Himmel, Zeus,
| <poem>Bedecke deinen Himmel, Zeus,
Mit Wolkendunst!
Mit Wolkendunst!
Und übe, Knaben gleich,
Und übe, Knaben gleich,
Line 146: Line 146:
Wie ich!
Wie ich!
(ca. 1789)</poem>
(ca. 1789)</poem>

| style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<poem>Shroud your heaven, Zeus,
| style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<poem>Shroud your heaven, Zeus,
With cloudy vapours,
With cloudy vapours,
And do as you will, like the boy
And do as you will, like the boy
That knocks the heads off thistles,
That beheads thistles,
With oak-trees and mountain-tops;
With oak-trees and mountain-tops;
Now you must leave alone
You must my Earth
My Earth for Me,
Now abandon to me,
And my hut, which you did not build,
And my hut, which you did not build,
And my hearth,
And my hearth,
Whose glow
The glowing whereof
You envy me.
You begrudge me.


I know of nothing poorer
I know of nothing poorer
Under the sun, than you, you Gods!
Under the sun, than you, Gods!
You are barely nourished
Your majesty
Is barely nourished
By sacrificial offerings
By sacrificial offerings
And prayerful exhalations,
And prayerful exhalations
Your Majesty
And should starve
And would starve, were
Were children and beggars not
Not children and beggars
Fools full of Hope.
Hopeful fools.


When I was a child,
When I was a child,
And did not know the in or out,
And did not know the in or out,
I turned my wandering eyes toward
I turned my wandering eyes toward
The sun, as if, beyond, there were
The sun, as if beyond it there were
An ear to hear my lament,
An ear to hear my lament,
A heart, like mine,
A heart like mine,
To be moved to pity for the afflicted.
To take pity on the afflicted.


Who helped me
Who helped me
Against the pride of the Titans?
Against the Titans' mischief?
Who delivered me from Death,
Who delivered me from Death,
From Slavery?
From Slavery?
Did you not accomplish it all yourself,
Did you not accomplish it all yourself,
My holy, burning Heart?
Holy, burning Heart?
And shone, young and good,
And glowed, young and good,
Deceived, your thanks for salvation
Deceived, your thanks for salvation
To the sleeping one above?
To the sleeping one above?


Should I honour you? Why?
I should honour you? For what?
Have you softened the sufferings,
Have you softened the sufferings,
Ever, of the burdened?
Ever, of the burdened?
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Was I not forged as a Man
Was I not forged as a Man
By almighty Time
By almighty Time
And eternal Fate,
And the eternal Fate,
My masters and thine?
My masters and yours?


Do you somehow imagine
Do you somehow imagine
That I should hate Life,
I should hate life,
Flee to the desert,
Flee to the desert,
Because not every
Because not every
Flowering dream should bloom?
Flowering dream may bloom?


Here I sit, I form humans
Here I sit, forming people
After my own image;
In my image;
A race, to be like me,
A race, to be like me,
To sorrow, to weep,
To suffer, to weep,
To enjoy and delight itself,
To enjoy and delight themselves,
And to heed you not at all
And to mock yours
Like Me!</poem>
Like Me!</poem>
|}
|}

Revision as of 09:42, 10 December 2009

Prometheus is a poem by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, in which the character of the mythic Prometheus addresses God (as Zeus) in misotheist accusation and defiance. The poem was written between 1772 and 1774 and first published in 1789 after an anonymous and unauthorised publication in 1785 by Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi.

In early editions of the Collected Works it appeared in Volume II of Goethe's poems in a section of Vermischte Gedichte (assorted poems), shortly following the Gesang der Geister über den Wassern, and the Harzreise im Winter. It is immediately followed by "Ganymed", and the two poems together should be understood as a pair. Both belong to the period 1770–1775. Prometheus (1774) was planned as a drama but not completed, but this poem draws upon it. Prometheus is the creative and rebellious spirit which, rejected by God, angrily defies him and asserts itself; Ganymede is the boyish self which is adored and seduced by God. One is the lone defiant, the other the yielding acolyte. As the humanist poet, Goethe presents both identities as aspects or forms of the human condition.

Although the setting is classical, the address to the Judaeo-Christian God is suggested by the section beginning "Da ich ein Kind war..." ("When I was a child"): the use of Da is distinctive, and by it Goethe evokes the Lutheran translation of Saint Paul's First Epistle to the Corinthians, 13:11: "Da ich ein Kind war, da redete ich wie ein Kind..." ("When I was a child, I spake as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child: but when I became a man, I put away childish things"). Unlike St Paul, Goethe's Prometheus grew up to disbelieve in the divine heart moved to pity for the afflicted.

The poem was set to music by J. F. Reichardt, Schubert (see "Prometheus", 1819), Hugo Wolf (1889) and F. M. Einheit (1993).

Text

Prometheus brings Fire to Mankind (c. 1817) by Heinrich Füger
First Version Second Version English Translation

Bedecke deinen Himmel, Zeus,
Mit Wolkendunst!
Und übe, Knaben gleich,
Der Diesteln köpft,
An Eichen dich und Bergesöhn!
Mußt mir meine Erde
Doch lassen stehn,
Und meine Hütte,
Die du nicht gebaut,
Und meinen Herd,
Um dessen Glut
Du mich beneidest.

Ich kenne nichts Ärmer's
Unter der Sonn' als euch Götter.
Ihr nähret kümmerlich
Von Opfersteuern
Und Gebetshauch
Eure Majestät
Und darbtet, wären
Nicht Kinder und Bettler
Hoffnungsvolle Toren.

Da ich ein Kind war,
Nicht wußt', wo aus, wo ein,
Kehrte mein verirrtes Aug'
Zur Sonne, als wenn drüber wär'
Ein Ohr, zu hören meine Klage,
Ein Herz wie meins,
Sich des Bedrängten zu erbarmen.

Wer half mir wider
Der Titanen Übermut?
Wer rettete vom Tode mich,
Von Sklaverei?
Hast du's nicht alles selbst vollendet,
Heilig glühend Herz?
Und glühtest, jung und gut,
Betrogen, Rettungsdank
Dem Schlafenden dadroben?

Ich dich ehren? Wofür?
Hast du die Schmerzen gelindert
Je des Beladenen?
Hast du die Tränen gestillet
Je des Geängsteten?
Hat nicht mich zum Manne geschmiedet,
Die allmächtige Zeit
Und das ewige Schicksal,
Meine Herren und deine?

Wähntest du etwa,
Ich sollte das Leben hassen,
In Wüsten fliehn,
Weil nicht alle Knabenmorgen-
Blütenträume reiften?

Hier sitz' ich, forme Menschen
Nach meinem Bilde,
Ein Geschlecht, das mir gleich sei,
Zu leiden, weinen,
Genießen und zu freuen sich,
Und dein nicht zu achten,
Wie ich.
(ca. 1773, manuscript from 1777,
published by Fr. Jacobi 1785)

Bedecke deinen Himmel, Zeus,
Mit Wolkendunst
Und übe, dem Knaben gleich,
Der Disteln köpft,
An Eichen dich und Bergeshöhn;
Mußt mir meine Erde
Doch lassen stehn
Und meine Hütte, die du nicht gebaut,
Und meinen Herd,
Um dessen Glut
Du mich beneidest.

Ich kenne nichts Ärmeres
Unter der Sonn als euch, Götter!
Ihr nähret kümmerlich
Von Opfersteuern
Und Gebetshauch
Eure Majestät
Und darbtet, wären
Nicht Kinder und Bettler
Hoffnungsvolle Toren.

Da ich ein Kind war,
Nicht wußte, wo aus noch ein,
Kehrt ich mein verirrtes Auge
Zur Sonne, als wenn drüber wär
Ein Ohr, zu hören meine Klage,
Ein Herz wie meins,
Sich des Bedrängten zu erbarmen.

Wer half mir
Wider der Titanen Übermut?
Wer rettete vom Tode mich,
Von Sklaverei?
Hast du nicht alles selbst vollendet,
Heilig glühend Herz?
Und glühtest jung und gut,
Betrogen, Rettungsdank
Dem Schlafenden da droben?

Ich dich ehren? Wofür?
Hast du die Schmerzen gelindert
Je des Beladenen?
Hast du die Tränen gestillet
Je des Geängsteten?
Hat nicht mich zum Manne geschmiedet
Die allmächtige Zeit
Und das ewige Schicksal,
Meine Herrn und deine?

Wähntest du etwa,
Ich sollte das Leben hassen,
In Wüsten fliehen,
Weil nicht alle
Blütenträume reiften?

Hier sitz ich, forme Menschen
Nach meinem Bilde,
Ein Geschlecht, das mir gleich sei,
Zu leiden, zu weinen,
Zu genießen und zu freuen sich,
Und dein nicht zu achten,
Wie ich!
(ca. 1789)

Shroud your heaven, Zeus,
With cloudy vapours,
And do as you will, like the boy
That beheads thistles,
With oak-trees and mountain-tops;
You must my Earth
Now abandon to me,
And my hut, which you did not build,
And my hearth,
Whose glow
You begrudge me.

I know of nothing poorer
Under the sun, than you, Gods!
You are barely nourished
By sacrificial offerings
And prayerful exhalations
Your Majesty
And would starve, were
Not children and beggars
Hopeful fools.

When I was a child,
And did not know the in or out,
I turned my wandering eyes toward
The sun, as if beyond it there were
An ear to hear my lament,
A heart like mine,
To take pity on the afflicted.

Who helped me
Against the Titans' mischief?
Who delivered me from Death,
From Slavery?
Did you not accomplish it all yourself,
Holy, burning Heart?
And glowed, young and good,
Deceived, your thanks for salvation
To the sleeping one above?

I should honour you? For what?
Have you softened the sufferings,
Ever, of the burdened?
Have you stilled the tears,
Ever, of the anguished?
Was I not forged as a Man
By almighty Time
And the eternal Fate,
My masters and yours?

Do you somehow imagine
I should hate life,
Flee to the desert,
Because not every
Flowering dream may bloom?

Here I sit, forming people
In my image;
A race, to be like me,
To suffer, to weep,
To enjoy and delight themselves,
And to mock yours –
Like Me!

Source

  • J. W. Goethe, Goethe's Werke: Vollständige Ausgabe letzter Hand (Vol. II, pp. 76–78). (J. G. Cotta'sche Buchhandlung, Stuttgart and Tübingen 1827).
  • J. W. Goethe, Gedichte (Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin and Tübingen 1988)
  • J. W. Goethe, Werke Hamburger Ausgabe in 14 Bänden (Vol. 1 Gedichte und Epen I, pp. 44-46). München, 1998.
  • Dr Martin Luther, Die Bibel, oder die ganze Heilige Schrift des Alten und Neuen Testaments.