Hôtel de Ville, Rennes
| Hôtel de Ville | |
|---|---|
 Main frontage of the Hôtel de Ville in May 2013 | |
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| General information | |
| Type | City hall |
| Architectural style | Baroque style |
| Location | Rennes, France |
| Coordinates | 48°06′41″N 1°40′48″W / 48.1114°N 1.6801°W |
| Completed | 1743 |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Jacques Gabriel |
Hôtel de Ville de Rennes (French pronunciation: [otɛl də vil], City Hall) is the seat of the city council in the French city of Rennes. It was designated a monument historique by the French government in 1962.[1]
History
[edit]The building was commissioned by the city council, led by Toussaint-François Rallier du Baty, as part of a masterplan, prepared by Isaac Robelin, to rebuild many buildings in Rennes after a fire in 1720.[2][3][4] The site they selected was on the west side of a newly created square, the Place de la Mairie. The foundation stone for the new building was laid on 12 April 1734. It was designed by Jacques Gabriel in the baroque style, built in ashlar stone and was completed in 1743.[5]
Gabriel chose to break with the past and create a new building worthy of the Age of Enlightenment. The layout involved two wings, one to the south accommodating the council, and one to the north accommodating a court, with a three-stage bell tower in the centre. The wings were three storeys high and the central bay of each wing featured a doorway flanked by Doric order columns supporting a balcony; there was a French door on the first floor flanked by pilasters supporting a pediment. The first stage of the bell tower contained a statue of Louis XV, which would be destroyed during the French Revolution, flanked by pairs of columns supporting a pediment. The statue of the monarch was created in honour of his support for rebuilding the city.[6] The upper stages formed a belfry and were surmounted by a small dome and finial.[7]
From 1840 to 1855, the Faculty of Sciences at the University of Rennes was based in the north wing, hosting academics such as the chemistry professor Faustino Malaguti.[8] Emmanuel Le Ray refurbished the building in the early 20th century, creating the Panthéon rennais memorial to the victims of the First World War.[9][10] The names of great French generals are inscribed on the ceiling, although the name of Philippe Pétain – later the head of state of the collaborationist Vichy France – has been removed.[6]
The niche where the statue of Louis XV stood was later occupied by a Jean Boucher sculpture of Anne of Brittany, the last sovereign ruler of the duchy, marrying Charles VIII of France. On 7 August 1932, during festivities for the 400th anniversary of the Union of Brittany and France, it was destroyed by a bomb laid by Breton nationalists; nothing has since replaced it on the plinth.[11]
Following the liberation of France, the President of the French Committee of National Liberation, Charles de Gaulle, made an impassioned speech to 20,000 people from the balcony of the town hall on 21 August 1944.[12]
References
[edit]- ^ Base Mérimée: PA00090703, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
- ^ "Hôtel de Ville de Rennes". Bretagne.info. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
- ^ "La reconstruction de Rennes après le grand incendie de 1720". Becedia. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
- ^ "Il y a 300 ans, le grand incendie dévastait Rennes : comment la ville s'est relevée". Ouest France. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
- ^ "Hôtel de ville de Rennes". PSS Architecture. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
- ^ a b "Connaissez-vous vraiment l'hôtel de ville ?" [Do you really know the city hall?]. Ouest-France (in French). 19 August 2015. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "Jacques Gabriel, le bâtisseur du centre-ville" [Jacques Gabriel, the builder of the city centre]. Ouest-France (in French). 14 August 2014. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ Rolland, Jacques; Domi, Bernard (1 January 2017). "Une histoire de la faculté des sciences de Rennes, place Pasteur". Cahier de Rennes en Sciences (in French) (1): 8–9.
- ^ Guéné, Hélène; Loyer, François (1995). L'église, l'état et les architectes: Rennes, 1870-1940 (in French). EDITIONS NORMA. ISBN 978-2-909283-16-6. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "Rennes. Une classe Mémoire et histoire découvre le panthéon" [Rennes. A Memory and History class discover the Pantheon]. Ouest-France (in French). 10 March 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "1932 : les Français découvrent le nationalisme breton" [1932: the French discover Breton nationalism]. Le Télégramme (in French). 8 March 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "De Gaulle and Brittany". Le Télégramme. 29 April 2012. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
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