Richard Hastings, Baron Welles

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Sir Richard Hastings
Died1503
BuriedGreyfriars, London
Spouse(s)Joan Welles, 9th Baroness Willoughby de Eresby
Joan Romondbye
IssueAnthony Hastings
FatherSir Leonard Hastings
MotherAlice Camoys

Sir Richard Hastings, Baron Welles (died 1503), was the son of Sir Leonard Hastings and a younger brother of William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings. He was a favourite of Edward IV, who granted him the lands of the baronies of Willoughby and Welles after he had married the heiress, Joan Welles.[1] He fought at Tewkesbury. He died in 1503, and was buried at the Greyfriars, London.

Family[edit]

Richard Hastings was the second son of Sir Leonard Hastings (1396 – 20 October 1455) and Alice Camoys, daughter of Thomas de Camoys, 1st Baron Camoys, by his first wife, Elizabeth Louches, the daughter and heiress of William Louches. He had three brothers and three sisters:[2][3][4]

Career[edit]

Depiction of the Battle of Tewkesbury, at which Richard Hastings was knighted

During the Wars of the Roses, Hastings was a committed supporter of the House of York. Shortly before 1 June 1470, he married Joan Welles, who was heir to her brother, Robert Welles, 8th Baron Willoughby de Eresby. Her inheritance was complicated by the fact that, as the result of an anti-Yorkist uprising in Lincolnshire, Joan Welles' father, Richard Welles, 7th Baron Welles, and her brother, Sir Robert, had been beheaded by order of Edward IV within a week of each other, her father on 12 March 1470, and her brother on 19 March. A month later, on 25 April 1470, the King seized Sir Robert Welles' lands, but on 1 June 1470, granted them to Joan and her now husband, Sir Richard Hastings, giving them licence to enter all the lands 'which on the death of her father and brother, both tenants-in-chief, should descend to her'.[11] According to modern doctrine, Joan also inherited the baronies of Willoughby and Welles after her brother's execution.[12][13]

A year later, on 4 May 1471, Hastings fought for the victorious Yorkists at the Battle of Tewkesbury, and was knighted by Edward IV.[14] In 1475 his elder brother, William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings, was with the King in France, and Hastings was appointed, as deputy for his brother, surveyor of the office of Constable of Nottingham Castle, as well as magistrate of several forests, chases and parks in Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire, Leicestershire and Staffordshire.[14]

Joan Welles died about 1474/5. The exact date of her death is not known; however she likely died shortly before her father and brother were attainted, five years after their executions, by the Parliament of January–March 1475. As a result of the attainders, all their honours were forfeited, including the baronies of Welles and Willoughby, which should have been inherited, respectively, after Joan Welles' death, by her paternal uncle, John Welles, 1st Viscount Welles, and her second cousin, Christopher Willoughby, 10th Baron Willoughby de Eresby.[15][13][1] According to some historians, the attainders were passed by Parliament in order to enable Edward IV to grant Joan Welles' lands after her death to her husband, 'the trusted Yorkist Sir Richard Hastings',[16] and accordingly, on 23 January 1475, the King granted Hastings a life interest in the greater part of the Welles and Willoughby estates. Moreover, Hastings was summoned to Parliament from 14 November 1482 to 9 December 1483 by writs directed Ricardo Hastyng de Wellys, whereby he is held to have become either Lord Hastings of Welles, or Lord Welles.[17][11][15][13][1]

Edward IV died on 9 April 1483. On 13 June 1483 the future Richard III had Hastings's elder brother, William, beheaded at the Tower of London for allegedly conspiring against him.[5] Only a few weeks later, on 6 July, Hastings was among the thirty-five peers who attended Richard's coronation.[11]

On 22 May 1484 the new King granted him an annuity of 1000 marks during life,[18] and on 4 May 1485 granted him, again for life, the office of surveyor of the lordship and manor of Tattershall in Lincolnshire, apart from the castle itself. He was also appointed Master of Game of all deer, either in the park and chase, or elsewhere within the manor.[19]

Richard III died at the Battle of Bosworth on 22 August 1485, and under the new regime of Henry VII, the attainders of Joan Welles' father and brother, as well as the attainder of her uncle, John Welles, were all reversed by the Parliament of 1485/6. John Welles was still living, and with the reversal of his attainder became Lord Welles. Sir Richard Hastings was thus no longer recognized as Lord Welles. In compensation, however, it was enacted in the same year that Hastings should be entitled, for life, to all the lands which had belonged to Joan Welles' father. Having received this grant, until his death Hastings continued to be styled, and styled himself, Lord Willoughby, to the exclusion of Christopher Willoughby, 10th Baron Willoughby de Eresby, who should have inherited the title. In his will, dated 17 September 1495, Hastings' brother, Sir Ralph Hastings, referred to him as 'my brother, Sir Richard Hastings, Lord Willoughby'.[9] In his own will, dated 18 March 1502 and proved 5 October 1503, Hastings referred to himself as 'Richard Hastings, knight, Lord Willoughby'.[20] [2][12][19]

He was buried September 1503 at the Greyfriars in London.[21]

In the reign of Elizabeth I, the barony of Willoughby was claimed, in right of his wife, by Richard Bertie, husband of Katherine Willoughby, Duchess of Suffolk, granddaughter of Christopher Willoughby, 10th Baron Willoughby de Eresby.[22]

Marriages and issue[edit]

Hastings married firstly Joan Welles, the daughter of Richard Welles, 7th Baron Welles (beheaded 12 March 1470), and his first wife, Joan Willoughby, de jure suo jure Baroness Willoughby, daughter and heiress of Robert Willoughby, 6th Baron Willoughby de Eresby, by his first wife, Elizabeth Montagu, daughter of John Montagu, 3rd Earl of Salisbury. They had one son, Anthony Hastings, who predeceased his father.[3][1]

He married secondly Joan Romondbye (d. 20 March 1505), widow of Richard Pigot, (died c. 15 April 1483), Serjeant-at-law, by whom he had no issue.[2][12][20]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d Burke 1831, p. 562.
  2. ^ a b c Richardson II 2011, pp. 369–71.
  3. ^ a b Richardson IV 2011, pp. 306–7.
  4. ^ Acheson 1992, p. 234.
  5. ^ a b c Horrox 2004.
  6. ^ Richardson II 2011, p. 371.
  7. ^ Nicolas 1826, pp. 368–75.
  8. ^ a b c Richardson II 2011, p. 369.
  9. ^ a b Nicolas 1836, p. 421.
  10. ^ Richardson II 2011, p. 370.
  11. ^ a b c Cokayne 1959, p. 447.
  12. ^ a b c Richardson IV 2011, p. 306.
  13. ^ a b c Cokayne 1959, p. 668.
  14. ^ a b Cokayne 1926, p. 385.
  15. ^ a b Richardson IV 2011, p. 339.
  16. ^ Jones & Underwood 1992, p. 126.
  17. ^ Hicks 2004.
  18. ^ Cokayne 1926, pp. 385–6.
  19. ^ a b Cokayne 1926, p. 386.
  20. ^ a b Richardson I 2011, pp. 398–9.
  21. ^ Cokayne 1926, p. 387.
  22. ^ Collins 1734, pp. 1–23.

References[edit]

  • Acheson, Eric (1992). A Gentry Community; Leicestershire in the Fifteenth Century, c.1422-c.1485. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521524988.
  • Burke, John (1831). A General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerages of England, Ireland and Scotland, Extinct, Dormant and in Abeyance. London: Henry Colburn. p. 562.
  • Cokayne, George Edward (1926). The Complete Peerage, edited by Vicary Gibbs. Vol. VI. London: St. Catherine Press.
  • Cokayne, George Edward (1959). The Complete Peerage, edited by Geoffrey H. White. Vol. XII, Part II. London: St. Catherine Press.
  • Collins, Arthur (1734). Proceedings, Precedents and Arguments on Claims and Controversies Concerning Baronies by Writ and Other Honours. London: Thomas Wotton.
  • Hicks, Michael (2004). "Welles, Leo, sixth Baron Welles (c.1406–1461)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/28998. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) The first edition of this text is available at Wikisource: "Welles, Lionel de" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  • Horrox, Rosemary (2004). "Hastings, William, first Baron Hastings (c.1430–1483)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/12588. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  • Jones, Michael K.; Underwood, Malcolm G (1992). The King's Mother: Lady Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521447942.
  • Nicolas, Nicholas Harris (1826). Testamenta Vetusta. Vol. I. London: Nichols and Son. pp. 368–75. Retrieved 6 October 2013.
  • Nicolas, Nicholas Harris (1836). Testamenta Vetusta. Vol. II. London: Nichols and Son. p. 421.
  • Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G. (ed.). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. Vol. I (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 978-1449966379.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G. (ed.). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. Vol. II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 978-1449966386.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G. (ed.). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families. Vol. IV (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 978-1460992708.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

External links[edit]

Peerage of England
Preceded by Baron Welles
1470–1486 		Succeeded by
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