View source for STS-127

{{short description|2009 American crewed spaceflight to the ISS}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name                  = STS-127
| names_list            = [[Space Transportation System]]-127
| image                 = STS-127 JEM-EF.jpg
| image_caption         = Canadarm2 grapples the exposed facility of ''Kibō'', prior to its installation on the ISS
| insignia              = STS-127 Patch.svg

| spacecraft            = {{OV|105}}
| mission_type          = ISS assembly
| operator              = [[NASA]]
| COSPAR_ID             = 2009-038A
| SATCAT                = 35633
| orbits_completed      = 248<ref name="ql1" />
| distance_travelled    = {{Convert|10537748|km}}
| mission_duration      = 15{{nbsp}}days, 16{{nbsp}}hours, 44{{nbsp}}minutes, 58{{nbsp}}seconds
| launch_mass           =
| landing_mass          =
| payload_mass          =

| launch_site           = [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]], [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A|LC-39A]]
| launch_date           = {{start-date|July 15, 2009, 22:03|timezone=yes}}&nbsp;UTC

| landing_date          = {{end-date|July 31, 2009, 14:48|timezone=yes}}&nbsp;UTC
| landing_site       = Kennedy, [[Shuttle Landing Facility|SLF&nbsp;Runway&nbsp;15]]


| crew_size             = 7
| crew_members          = {{Unbulleted list|[[Mark L. Polansky]]|[[Douglas G. Hurley]]|[[Christopher Cassidy|Christopher J. Cassidy]]|[[Julie Payette]]|[[Thomas Marshburn|Thomas H. Marshburn]]|[[David Wolf (astronaut)|David Wolf]]}}
| crew_launching        = {{Unbulleted list|[[Timothy L. Kopra|Timothy Kopra]]}}
| crew_landing          = {{Unbulleted list|[[Koichi Wakata]]}}
| crew_photo            = STS-127 Crew Photo.jpg
| crew_photo_caption    = From left to right: Wolf, Cassidy, Hurley, Payette, Polansky, Marshburn, and Kopra

| docking               =
 {{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
   |docking_target      = [[International Space Station|ISS]]
   |docking_type        = dock
   |docking_port        = [[PMA-2]]<br /><small>(Harmony forward)</small>
   |docking_date        = July 17, 2009 17:47 UTC
|undocking_date      = July 28, 2009 17:26 UTC
|time_docked         = 10{{nbsp}}days, 23{{nbsp}}hours, 41{{nbsp}}minutes
 }}

| apsis                 = gee
| orbit_epoch           = July 18, 2009<ref name="SATCAT">{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/satcat.txt|title=Satellite Catalog|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|work=Jonathan's Space Page|access-date=May 28, 2013}}</ref>
| orbit_reference       = [[geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime          = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]]
| orbit_periapsis       = {{convert|344|km}}<ref name="SATCAT" />
| orbit_apoapsis        = {{convert|351|km}}<ref name="SATCAT" />
| orbit_period          = 91.48 minutes<ref name="SATCAT" />
| orbit_inclination     = 51.6 degrees<ref name="ql1" /><ref name="SATCAT" />

| programme             = [[Space Shuttle program]]
| previous_mission      = [[STS-125]]
| next_mission          = [[STS-128]]
}}
'''STS-127''' ([[Assembly of the International Space Station|ISS assembly]] flight '''2J/A''') was a [[NASA]] [[Space Shuttle]] mission to the [[International Space Station]] (ISS).<ref name="ql1">{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/network/news/space/127/127quicklook1.html|title=STS-127 Mission Quick-Look 1|first=William| last=Harwood|date=June 1, 2009|work=[[CBS News]]|access-date=June 1, 2009}}</ref> It was the twenty-third flight of {{OV|105}}. The primary purpose of the STS-127 mission was to deliver and install the final two components of the [[Kibō (ISS module)|Japanese Experiment Module]]: the [[Japanese Experiment Module#Exposed Facility|Exposed Facility]] (JEM EF), and the [[Japanese Experiment Module#Experiment Logistics Module|Exposed Section]] of the Experiment Logistics Module (ELM-ES).<ref name="boeing">{{cite web |author= |date=June 6, 2009 |title=STS-127 Spaceflight Notepad |url=http://www.boeing.com/defense-space/space/hsfe_shuttle/missions/sts127/STS-127%20Spaceflight%20Notepad.pdf |access-date=June 12, 2009 |publisher=[[Boeing]]}}</ref><ref group="NASA" name="presskit">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/358018main_sts127_press_kit.pdf|title=STS-127 Press Kit|date=June 6, 2009|publisher=[[NASA]]|access-date=June 12, 2009}}</ref> When ''Endeavour'' docked with the ISS on this mission in July 2009, it set a record for the most humans in space at the same time in the same vehicle, the first time thirteen people have been at the station at the same time.<ref name="fuels">{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/domesticNews/idUSN0313466120090613 |title=NASA fuels space shuttle Endeavour for launch |first=Irene| last=Klotz|work=Reuters |date=June 12, 2009|access-date=June 12, 2009}}</ref> Together they represented all [[International Space Station programme|ISS program]] partners<ref name="Canadian Space Agency 2008">{{cite web | title=Mission STS-127 | website=Canadian Space Agency | date=August 13, 2008 | url=https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/missions/sts-127.asp | access-date=October 20, 2021}}</ref> and tied the general record of thirteen people in space with the first such occurrence of 1995.<ref name="Malik 2009">{{cite web | last=Malik | first=Tariq | title=Population in Space at Historic High: 13 | website=Space.com | date=March 27, 2009 | url=https://www.space.com/6503-population-space-historic-high-13.html | access-date=October 20, 2021}}</ref>

The first launch attempt, on June 13, 2009, was scrubbed due to a gaseous hydrogen leak observed during tanking.<ref name="scrub1" /><ref name="second" /> The Ground Umbilical Carrier Plate (GUCP) on the external fuel tank experienced a potentially hazardous hydrogen gas leak similar to the fault that delayed the {{OV|103}} mission [[STS-119]] in March 2009. Since a launch date of June 18, 2009, would have conflicted with the launch of the [[Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter]] (LRO)/Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS), NASA managers discussed the scheduling conflict with both the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter project and the [[Air Force Eastern Range]], which provides tracking support for rockets launched from Florida.<ref name="scrub3">{{cite news|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090613scrub/|title=Space shuttle Endeavour launch postponed by leak|first=William| last=Harwood for CBS News|date=June 13, 2009|publisher=SpaceflightNow.com|access-date=June 14, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title = Leak Halts Shuttle Launching | author=Kenneth Chang|work=New York Times | date = June 13, 2009 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/14/science/space/14shuttle.html?ref=science | access-date =June 13, 2009}}</ref> A decision was made to allow the shuttle to attempt a second launch on June 17, 2009, allowing LRO to launch on June 18, 2009.<ref name="second">{{cite news|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090615newdate/|title=  NASA sets Wednesday launch date for shuttle Endeavour| first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS News]]| date=June 15, 2009| publisher=SpaceflightNow.com| access-date=June 16, 2009}}</ref>

The second launch attempt on June 17, 2009, was also scrubbed due to hydrogen leak issues seen from the [[Ground Umbilical Carrier Plate]].<ref name="scrub17">{{cite news |last=Bergin |first=Chris |date=June 17, 2009 |title=STS-127 suffers another GUCP leak after late tanking |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/06/live-endeavour-article-updates-count/ |access-date=August 7, 2009 |publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]}}</ref> Due to conflicts with the launch of the LRO, and due to a [[beta angle]] constraint, the next available launch opportunity was scheduled for July 11, 2009.<ref group="NASA" name="schedule">{{cite web| url=http://www.nasa.gov/missions/highlights/schedule.html| title=NASA's Shuttle and Rocket Launch Schedule| date=June 17, 2009|publisher=[[NASA]]| access-date=June 17, 2009}}</ref><ref name="window">{{cite news| url=http://www.cbsnews.com/network/news/space/127/127windows.html| title=STS-127 Launch Windows| first=William| last=Harwood| date=June 12, 2009| work=[[CBS News]]| access-date=June 14, 2009}}</ref> A successful tanking test for leak checks was performed on July 1, 2009, with modified GUCP seals allowing launch preparations to proceed as scheduled.<ref>{{cite news| title = Shuttle Endeavour to lift off Saturday if weather co-operates| publisher=[[CBC News]]| date = July 10, 2009| url = https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/shuttle-endeavour-to-lift-off-saturday-if-weather-co-operates-1.817021| access-date =July 10, 2009}}</ref> Because of lightning strikes near the launch pad during the evening of July 10, 2009, NASA scrubbed the launch for the third time and rescheduled for July 12, 2009.<ref>{{cite web| title=NASA delays space shuttle Endeavour launch 1 day| work=Houston Chronicle| date=July 11, 2009| url=http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/breaking/6524583.html| access-date=July 11, 2009| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090721050904/http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/breaking/6524583.html| archive-date=July 21, 2009| df=dmy-all}}</ref> Due to a [[Space Shuttle abort modes#Return to launch site (RTLS)|Return To Launch Site]] (RTLS) weather violation, NASA scrubbed the launch for the fourth time on the evening of July 12, 2009.

STS-127's fifth launch attempt, on July 13, 2009, was also scrubbed due to [[anvil cloud]]s and [[lightning]] within {{convert|10|nmi|km}} of the launch site, which violated launch safety rules. STS-127 finally launched successfully on its sixth launch attempt, on July 15, 2009, at 18:03 EDT. Pieces of foam were observed falling off of the External Tank during the ascent, the same occurrence that had led to the [[Space Shuttle Columbia disaster|loss of ''Columbia'']] in 2003. However, ''Endeavour'' received only minor scuffs to its heat shield, the damage not enough to cause concern over reentry.<ref name="sts127heatshield" /> The shuttle landed at [[Kennedy Space Center]] 16 days later at 10:48 EDT on July 31, 2009.

==Crew==
{{Spaceflight crew
| terminology      = Astronaut
| references       =<ref name="ql1" /><ref group="NASA" name="presskit" /><ref group="NASA" name="crewlist">{{cite web| url=http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2008/feb/HQ_08052_Crew_Announcements.html| title=NASA Assigns Crews for STS-127 and Expedition 19 Missions| access-date=February 11, 2008| publisher=[[NASA]]| date=February 11, 2008| archive-date=February 25, 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200225044027/https://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2008/feb/HQ_08052_Crew_Announcements.html| url-status=dead}}</ref>
| position1        = Commander
| crew1_up         = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mark L. Polansky]]
| flights1_up      = Third and last
| position2        = Pilot
| crew2_up         = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Douglas G. Hurley]]
| flights2_up      = First
| position3        = Mission Specialist 1
| crew3_up         = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Christopher Cassidy|Christopher J. Cassidy]]
| flights3_up      = First
| position4        = Mission Specialist 2<br>Flight Engineer
| crew4_up         = {{Flagicon|CAN}} [[Julie Payette]]
| agency4_up       = [[Canadian Space Agency|CSA]]
| flights4_up      = Second and last
| position5        = Mission Specialist 3
| crew5_up         = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Thomas Marshburn|Thomas H. Marshburn]]
| flights5_up      = First
| position6        = Mission Specialist 4
| crew6_up         = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[David Wolf (astronaut)|David Wolf]]
| flights6_up      = Fourth and last
| position7        = Mission Specialist 5
| crew7_up         = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Timothy L. Kopra|Timothy Kopra]]
| expedition7_up   = [[Expedition 20]]
| flights7_up      = First
| crew7_down       = {{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Koichi Wakata]]
| agency7_down     = [[Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency|JAXA]]
| expedition7_down = Expedition 20
| flights7_down    = Third
| notes            = STS-127 marked the first time that two Canadian astronauts, [[Robert Thirsk]] and Julie Payette, were in space at the same time.

Christopher Cassidy was the 500th [[List of space travelers by name|person to fly in space]].<ref name="500th">{{cite news|url=http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-061209a.html|title=L+500 and counting: 500th person in space|first=Robert| last=Pearlman|date=June 12, 2009|publisher=collectspace.com|access-date=June 12, 2009}}</ref>
}}

=== Crew seat assignments ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Seat<ref>{{Cite web |title=STS-127 |url=http://spacefacts.de/mission/english/sts-127.htm |access-date=April 25, 2024 |publisher=Spacefacts}}</ref>
! Launch
! Landing
|rowspan=8| [[File:Space Shuttle seating plan.svg|150px]]<br />Seats 1–4 are on the flight deck.<br />Seats 5–7 are on the mid-deck.
|-
! 1
|colspan=2| Polansky
|-
! 2
|colspan=2| Hurley
|-
! 3
|Cassidy
|Wolf
|-
! 4
|colspan=2| Payette
|-
! 5
|Wolf
|Cassidy
|-
! 6
|colspan=2| Marshburn
|-
! 7
|Kopra
|Wakata
|}

==Mission payload==
[[File:Endeavour payload bay.jpg|thumb|right|Payload bay of the shuttle being loaded inside the cleanroom of the Rotating Service Structure.]]
[[File:12 ICC-VLD1 STS-127.jpg|thumb|right|ICC-VLD1 STS-127]]
''Endeavour'' carried a wide variety of equipment and cargo in the payload bay, with the largest item being the ''Kibō'' Japanese Experiment Module Exposed Facility (JEM EF), and the ''Kibō'' Japanese Experiment Logistics Module – Exposed Section (ELM-ES).<ref group="NASA" name="presskit" /> The exposed facility is a part of ''Kibō'' that will allow astronauts to perform science experiments that are exposed to the vacuum of space. The exposed section is similar to the logistics module on the ''Kibō'' laboratory, but is not pressurized.<ref group="NASA" name="presskit" /> Once its payloads were transferred to the JEM EF, the ELM-ES was returned to the payload bay.

Also inside the payload bay was an [[Integrated Cargo Carrier]]-Vertical Light Deployable (ICC-VLD), containing a variety of equipment and spare components for the station. The carrier contained six new batteries for installation on the [[S6 truss|P6 truss]], that was installed during two of the mission's spacewalks, as well as a spare space-to-ground antenna and a spare linear drive unit and pump module which was stored on an external stowage platform on the station's truss during one of the spacewalks.<ref group="NASA" name="presskit" />

Two satellites were also carried by the orbiter, for deployment when the mission ended. The Dual Autonomous Global Positioning System On-Orbit Navigator Satellite, called DRAGONSAT, gathers data on autonomous spacecraft rendezvous and docking capabilities, and consists of two [[picosatellite]]s, the AggieSat2, and PARADIGM (BEVO-1), which acquire [[GPS]] data from a device at NASA and send it to ground stations at [[Texas A&M University]] and the [[University of Texas at Austin]].<ref group="NASA" name="presskit" /><ref name="dragon">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/science/experiments/DRAGONSat.html|title=Dual RF Astrodynamic GPS Orbital Navigator Satellite (DRAGONSat)|date=October 6, 2008|publisher=[[NASA]]|access-date=June 13, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090612050010/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/science/experiments/DRAGONSat.html|archive-date=June 12, 2009}}</ref> After release, the two picosatellites remained attached for two orbits to collect GPS data, and separated during the third orbit.<ref group="NASA" name="presskit" />

A second satellite, the Atmospheric Neutral Density Experiment (ANDE-2), is part of a [[United States Department of Defense]] project flown by the [[United States Naval Research Laboratory|Naval Research Laboratory]] to provide high-quality satellites, and will measure the density and composition of the [[low Earth orbit]] [[atmosphere]] while being tracked from the ground, to better predict the movement and decay of objects in orbit.<ref group="NASA" name="presskit" /><ref group="NASA" name="ande">{{cite web |author=Noll |first=Carey |title=ANDE (Castor and Pollux) |url=http://ilrs.gsfc.nasa.gov/satellite_missions/list_of_satellites/andp_general.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090612104401/http://ilrs.gsfc.nasa.gov/satellite_missions/list_of_satellites/andp_general.html |archive-date=June 12, 2009 |access-date=June 12, 2009 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}</ref> ANDE-2 consists of two spherical [[Miniaturized satellite#Microsatellite|microsatellites]], ANDE Active spacecraft (Castor) and the ANDE Passive spacecraft (Pollux), and will be tracked by the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS) network as well as the [[United States Space Surveillance Network|Space Surveillance Network]] (SSN).<ref group="NASA" name="presskit" /><ref group="NASA" name="ande" /> One of the satellites, Pollux, is running [[Arduino]] libraries, with its payload programmed and built by students.

A set of experiments to be deployed on the ISS were carried by STS-127, including Dosimetry for Biological Experiments in Space (ESA), Validation of Procedures for Monitoring Crew Member Immune Function, the student-made Image Reversal in Space ([[Canadian Space Agency|CSA]]/[[International Space University|ISU]]), Nutritional Status Assessment (NASA), NASA Biological Specimen Repository and Tomatosphere-II (CSA).<ref group="NASA" name="presskit" />

The STS-127 Official Flight Kit (OFK) included water samples from each of the five [[Great Lakes]], a resin statue of a water droplet for the [[One Drop Foundation]], and a copy of [[Beethoven]]'s [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|Fifth Symphony]] for the [[Montreal Symphony Orchestra]], among other mementos.<ref name="ofk">{{cite web|url=http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-073009a.html|title=Great Lakes water returning to Earth with space shuttle crew|first=Robert Z.| last=Pearlman|publisher=collectSPACE|access-date=July 30, 2009}}</ref>

The docking module was also mounted with the DragonEye [[3D Flash LIDAR]] ranging system manufactured by [[Advanced Scientific Concepts, Inc.]] The module was launched to test the docking system which will be used by the commercial [[SpaceX Dragon]] re-usable cargo carrier to send supplies to the ISS during the post-shuttle era. The Dragon spacecraft made its successful maiden flight in December 2010.<ref>{{cite news|title=SpaceX launches success with Falcon 9/Dragon flight|date=December 10, 2010|url=https://astronomy.com/news/2010/12/spacex-launches-success-with-falcon-9-dragon-flight|publisher=Astronomy|access-date=December 5, 2022}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Location
! Cargo
! Mass
|-
| Bays 1–2
| Orbiter Docking System <br/> [[Extravehicular Mobility Unit|EMU]] 3003 / EMU 3018 <br/> [[SpaceX]] DragonEye [[LIDAR]]
| {{convert|1800|kg}} <br/> ~{{convert|260|kg}}
|-
| Bay 3P
| Shuttle Power <br/> Distribution Unit (SPDU)
| ~{{convert|17|kg}}
|-
| Bay 3S
| APC/SSPL <br/> Dragonsat
| {{convert|51|kg}} <br/> 6&nbsp;k
|-
| Bays 4–7
| [[Japanese Experiment Module|''Kibō'' JEM Exposed Facility]]
| {{convert|3820|kg}}
|-
| Bay 5P
| APC/ECSH
| ~{{convert|33|kg}}
|-
| Bay 5S
| APC/PPSU
| {{convert|20|kg}}
|-
| Bay 6S
| APC/PPSU
| {{convert|20|kg}}
|-
| Bays 8–9
| [[Japanese Experiment Module|''Kibō'' ELM Exposed Section]]
| {{convert|2453|kg}}
|-
| Bay 11
| ICC-VLD
| {{convert|3946|kg}}
|-
| Bay 13P
| APC/ECSH
| ~{{convert|33|kg}}
|-
| Bay 13S
| SPA/CAPE/ANDE-2 <br/> ICU container <br/> ANDE Active satellite <br/> ANDE Passive satellite
| {{convert|265|kg}} <br/> {{convert|54|kg}} <br/> {{convert|50|kg}} <br/> {{convert|25|kg}}
|-
| Starboard Sill
| [[Orbiter Boom Sensor System]]
| ~{{convert|382|kg}}
|-
| Port Sill
| [[Canadarm]]
| {{convert|410|kg}}
|-
|
| '''Total:'''
| '''{{convert|13645|kg}}'''
|}

==Mission milestones==
[[File:STS-127 Mission Poster.jpg|thumb|Mission poster]]
The mission marked:<ref name="ql1" />
* 158th NASA crewed space flight
* 128th Space Shuttle mission
* 127th shuttle mission since [[STS-1]]
* 23rd flight of Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''
* 29th shuttle mission to the ISS
* 102nd post-''[[Space Shuttle Challenger|Challenger]]'' mission
* 14th post-''[[Space Shuttle Columbia|Columbia]]'' mission
* 1st time that two Canadians have been in space at the same moment
<!--13 people and 500th traveler already mentioned in lead, no reason for redundancy.-->

==Shuttle processing==
[[File:STS-127 Endeavour on Launch Pad 39A.jpg|thumb|''Endeavour'' at [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|Launch Pad 39A]]]]
''Endeavour'' served as the [[STS-400]] [[STS-3xx|rescue]] vehicle for [[STS-125]], and was prepared for a possible liftoff from [[Launch complex 39|Launch Pad 39B]] on May 15, 2009, four days after the launch of STS-125.<ref group="NASA" name="hubble">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/hst_sm4/index.html|title=STS-125: Final Shuttle Mission to Hubble Space Telescope|access-date=March 30, 2009|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=December 4, 2008|archive-date=July 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716065546/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/hst_sm4/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref group="NASA" name="dates">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2008/jul/HQ_08167_Final_Shuttle_Manifest.html|title=NASA Sets Launch Dates for Remaining Space Shuttle Missions |access-date=October 13, 2008|publisher=[[NASA]]|date=July 7, 2008}}</ref> After ''Atlantis'' performed the late inspection and was cleared for re-entry, ''Endeavour'' was officially released from stand-by status on May 21, 2009, and preparations for STS-127 were initiated.<ref name="FD11a">{{cite web|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts125/090521fd11/index2.html|title=Iffy weather forecast for Friday's shuttle landing|first=William| last=Harwood for CBS News|date=May 21, 2009|publisher=SpaceflightNow.com|access-date=May 22, 2009}}</ref>

''Endeavour'' moved from Launch Pad 39B to 39A on May 31, 2009, in preparation for STS-127.<ref name="move2">{{cite news|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/31053615|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305095237/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/31053615/|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 5, 2016|title=Endeavour moves to another launch pad|author=Tariq Malik|date=June 1, 2009|work=[[NBC News]]|access-date=June 2, 2009}}</ref><ref group="NASA" name="move">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2009/may/HQ_M09-096_Endeavour_TCDT.html|title=NASA Updates Shuttle Endeavour's Move to Launch Pad, TCDT|date=May 28, 2009|publisher=[[NASA]]|access-date=June 2, 2009}}</ref> The crew of STS-127 arrived at [[Kennedy Space Center]] on June 2, 2009, for the [[Terminal countdown demonstration test|Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test]] (TCDT) that concluded with a full launch dress rehearsal.<ref group="NASA" name="move" /><ref name="Mark">{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/Astro_127/status/2005396728|title=Mark Polansky (Astro_127)|first=Mark |author=Polansky|date=June 2, 2009|publisher=Twitter|access-date=June 2, 2009}}</ref><ref name="courier-20090612">{{cite news |last1=Amuthan |first1=Lalita Allor |title=One giant 'tweet' for mankind |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-courier-news-one-giant-tweet-for-m/141757332/ |access-date=February 21, 2024 |work=[[Courier News]] |date=June 12, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221090641/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-courier-news-one-giant-tweet-for-m/141757332/ |archive-date=February 21, 2024 |page=13 |url-status=live }}</ref> The Flight Readiness Review (FRR), a meeting during which NASA managers assess mission preparations and officially set the launch date, concluded on June 3, 2009.<ref group="NASA" name="FRR">{{cite news|url=http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2009/may/HQ_M09-095_Endeavour_FRR.html|title=NASA Sets Briefing About Shuttle Endeavour's Readiness to Launch|date=May 29, 2009|publisher=[[NASA]]|access-date=June 2, 2009}}</ref> For the first time, live status updates about the FRR were published periodically during the meeting via NASA's Twitter stream.<ref group="NASA" name="FRR" />

===Launch attempts===
[[File:STS-127-2009-3836.jpg|thumb|Close-up view of the Ground Umbilical Carrier Plate on STS-127's [[Space Shuttle external tank|external tank]] during the first maintenance effort]]
The launch countdown began June 10, 2009, but on June 13, 2009, as tanking was underway, a gaseous hydrogen leak on a vent line near the Ground Umbilical Carrier Plate was observed, and the June 13, 2009, launch was scrubbed at 00:26 EDT. As liquid hydrogen fuel is pumped in, some of it boils off as the extremely cold liquid enters the warm external tank. The vent line valve controls the resulting buildup of gas pressure by allowing excess gas to escape into a ground-side vent line, which leads to a [[flare stack]] at a safe distance away from the pad. A similar leak situation was seen during the first launch attempt of [[STS-119#Shuttle processing|STS-119]]. NASA managers met on June 14, 2009, and June 15, 2009, and evaluated the leak, discussed steps that had to be taken, and set a new launch date of June 17, 2009, at 05:40 EDT.<ref name="scrub1">{{cite news|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/06/sts-127-scrubbed-due-to-gucp-leak-launch-moves-to-net-june-17/|title=GUCP troubleshooting continues as MMT push for launch on June&nbsp;17|first=Chris| last=Bergin|date=June 13, 2009|publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]|access-date=June 13, 2009}}</ref><ref name="second" />

A second launch attempt was made on June 17, 2009, for which NASA moved the planned launch of the [[Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter]] to a new date. On June 17, 2009, loading of the shuttle's external tank with liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen was delayed three hours due to poor weather around the launch site, but tanking began once the weather cleared. Approximately two hours after tanking began, engineers saw leak indications in the GUCP similar to those seen during the first launch attempt. The launch was officially scrubbed at 01:55 EDT.<ref name="scrub17" />

Following the launch scrub, Chairman of NASA's Mission Management Team [[LeRoy E. Cain|LeRoy Cain]] noted that engineers would work to understand the hydrogen leak issue and come up with a solution to the problem. Cain said managers were hopeful that the issue could be resolved in time for the next available launch opportunity on July 11, 2009.<ref name="secondscrub">{{cite news|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090617scrub/|title=Hydrogen leak scrubs shuttle Endeavour launch again|last=William Harwood for CBS News|date=June 17, 2009|publisher=SpaceflightNow.com|access-date=June 19, 2009}}</ref> Due to the delay of STS-127, managers noted that it was likely that the launch of [[STS-128]] on August 7, 2009, would be pushed back slightly.<ref name="secondscrub" />

[[File:Space Shuttle Endeavour lightning strike.jpg|right|thumb|Lightning strikes ''Endeavour'''s Launch Pad.]]
On July 1, 2009, the shuttle managers conducted a new series of tanking tests to confirm a hypothesis that a misaligned vent port housing was the root cause of the leaks. The existing rigid seal was replaced with a flexible one in the hope that it would maintain a tight fix even under the cryogenic conditions that seem to cause the leak. The test was declared a success with no leaks detected on the GUCP. The mission was announced to be targeting a July 11, 2009, launch.<ref name="special_test">{{cite news|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090623update/|title=Special space shuttle fueling test expected next week|last=William Harwood for CBS News|date=June 23, 2009|publisher=SpaceflightNow.com|access-date=June 24, 2009}}</ref><ref name="test_success">{{cite news|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/07/shannon-comments-tanking-test-live/|title=ET-131 Tanking Test success – STS-127 now officially tracking launch on July&nbsp;11|last=Chris Bergin|date=July 1, 2009|publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]|access-date=July 1, 2009}}</ref>  On the evening of July 10, 2009, the launch pad region was hit by eleven strikes of lightning, which pushed back the July 11, 2009, launch time by at least 24 hours. Two of the strikes were strong enough to trigger an evaluation by NASA engineers. The inspections revealed that no damage had been done to the Space Shuttle.<ref group="NASA" name=scrub4>{{cite web
 | title = Launch of NASA's Space Shuttle Endeavour Postponed Until Sunday
 | publisher = [[NASA]]
 | date = July 11, 2009
 | url = http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2009/jul/HQ_09-163_STS-127_Launch_Delay.html
 | access-date = July 11, 2009
 | archive-date = July 13, 2009
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090713001943/http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2009/jul/HQ_09-163_STS-127_Launch_Delay.html
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref>

NASA scrubbed ''Endeavour''<nowiki>'</nowiki> July 12, 2009, launch attempt at [[T-minus]] 9 minutes and holding due to Cumulus clouds and lightning near the launch pad. During the final Go/No-Go polls, Mission Control in Houston declared a "No-Go" due to unacceptable weather forecast for a possible Return-To-Launch-Site (RTLS) abort, and planned for emergency scenarios when one or more engines shut down early leaving insufficient energy to reach the Transatlantic Abort Landing (TAL) sites. Similarly, during the July 13, 2009, attempt, RTLS weather was also "no go." Meanwhile, shuttle weather officer Kathy Winters informed the launch director, [[Peter Nickolenko]], that the launch pad weather had changed to RED as the Phase-1 Lightning warning was issued for the [[Kennedy Space Center]]. The launch was scrubbed at [[T-minus]] 9 minutes and holding and was quickly reset for July 15, 2009 (a 48 hours scrub turn around) due to weather concerns on July 14, 2009, and the desire to replace the Tyvek covers over the forward Reaction Control System thrusters.<ref group="NASA" name=scrub5>{{cite web
 | title = Endeavour's Launch "No Go" Due to Weather.
 | publisher = [[NASA]]
 | date = July 12, 2009
 | url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/main/rss_feed_above_snip_collection_archive_1.html
 | access-date = July 12, 2009
 | archive-date = October 16, 2009
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091016191143/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/main/rss_feed_above_snip_collection_archive_1.html
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref>

{{LaunchAttempt
| date1           = 2009-06-13 07:17:19
| result1         = Scrubbed
| reason1         = Technical
| decision_date1  = 2009-06-13 00:26
| decision_clock1 = 
| weathergo1      = 90%<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/network/news/space/127/STS-127_Archive.html|title=  Countdown begins; weather improves to 90 percent 'go' for Saturday launch|date= June 13, 2009|work=CBS News|access-date=August 29, 2009}}</ref>
| notes1          = gaseous hydrogen leak on a vent line near the Ground Umbilical Carrier Plate<ref name="scrub1" />
| date2           = 2009-06-17 05:40:52
| result2         = Scrubbed
| reason2         = Technical
| decision_date2  = 2009-06-17 01:55
| decision_clock2 = 
| weathergo2      = 80%<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/network/news/space/127/STS-127_Archive.html|title= NASA clears shuttle for fueling|date= June 16, 2009|work=CBS News|access-date=August 29, 2009}}</ref>
| notes2          = leak persisted<ref name="scrub17" />
| date3           = 2009-07-11 19:39:38
| result3         = Scrubbed
| reason3         = Weather
| decision_date3  = 
| decision_clock3 = 
| weathergo3      = 40%<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/network/news/space/127/STS-127_Archive.html|title= Shuttle countdown on track; no technical issues with Endeavour; weather still 60 percent 'no-go'|date=July 12, 2009|work=CBS News|access-date=August 29, 2009}}</ref>
| notes3          = lightning strikes to launch pad<ref name="special_test" />
| date4           = 2009-07-12 19:13:55
| result4         = Scrubbed
| reason4         = Weather
| decision_date4  = 
| decision_clock4 = −00:09:00 hold
| weathergo4      = 70%<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/network/news/space/127/STS-127_Archive.html|title=Hydrogen vent line working normally; no leaks|date=July 12, 2009|work=CBS News|access-date=August 29, 2009}}</ref>
| notes4          = RTLS concerns, cumulus clouds and lightning near launch pad<ref group="NASA" name="scrub4" />
| date5           = 2009-07-13 18:51:24
| result5         = Scrubbed
| reason5         = Weather
| decision_date5  = 
| decision_clock5 = −00:09:00 hold
| weathergo5      = 40%<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/network/news/space/127/STS-127_Archive.html|title=Shuttle refueled for Monday launch try|date= July 13, 2009|work=CBS News|access-date=August 29, 2009}}</ref>
| notes5          = Phase-1 Lightning warning at the launch site<ref group="NASA" name="scrub5" />
| date6           = 2009-07-15 18:03:10
| result6         = Success
| weathergo6      = 60%<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/network/news/space/127/STS-127_Archive.html|title=Shuttle Endeavour refueled for sixth launch try; fuel cell issue resolved|date= July 15, 2009|work=CBS News|access-date=August 29, 2009}}</ref>
| notes6          = 
}}

==Mission timeline==

===July 15 (Flight Day 1, Launch)===
On July 15, 2009, at 18:03:10 EDT, the launch was finally successful.<ref>{{cite web |last=Bergin |first=Chris |date=July 15, 2009 |title=''Endeavour'' launches on sixth attempt to start STS-127 – UCCAS status |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/07/live-sts-127-preparing-for-launch-attempt-6-uccas-status/ |access-date=July 18, 2009 |publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]}}
</ref> Upon reviewing the launch video footage, imagery analysts noted eight or nine instances of foam shedding from the External Tank.<ref>{{cite web
 | first=William| last=Harwood
 | title = Debris falls from tank
 | publisher=Spaceflightnow
 | url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090715gallery/
 | access-date =July 18, 2009}}
</ref> The pictures of the external tank taken when jettisoning showed loss of foam in the intertank ribbing.<ref>{{cite web
 | first=William| last=Harwood
 | title = Strips of foam peeled away from ''Endeavour''{{'}}s fuel tank
 | publisher=Spaceflightnow
 | date = July 16, 2009
| url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090716fd2/index2.html
 | access-date =July 18, 2009}}
</ref> The chairman of the Mission Management Team was not concerned and felt that the Space Shuttle would be cleared for re-entry on its return voyage—which it was a few days later.<ref>{{cite web
 |title       = NASA spots debris strikes in ''Endeavour'' launch
 |publisher   = [[CTV News]]
 |date        = July 16, 2009
|url         = https://www.ctvnews.ca/nasa-spots-debris-strikes-in-endeavour-launch-1.417039
 |access-date  = July 16, 2009
|url-status     = live
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20090719072212/http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20090715/nasa_launch_090715/20090716?hub=TopStories
 |archive-date = July 19, 2009
|df          = dmy-all
}}
</ref><ref>{{cite news  | title = Damage eyed as shuttle heads toward space station
 | agency=[[Associated Press]]
 | publisher=[[Yahoo news]]
 | date = July 15, 2009
| url = https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/us_space_shuttle
 | access-date =July 16, 2009}}
</ref><ref group="NASA">{{cite web
 | title = Launch and Landing
 | publisher = [[NASA]]
 | date = July 15, 2009
 | url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/launch/index.html
 | access-date = July 16, 2009
 | archive-date = May 24, 2011
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110524172005/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/launch/index.html
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref>
The payload doors were opened after reaching orbit followed by deployment of the [[Ku band|K<sub>u</sub> band]] antenna and activation of the [[Canadarm|shuttle's mechanical arm]].<ref name="fd2_inspections">{{cite news |last=Bergin |first=Chris |date=June 16, 2009 |title=STS-127: Foam loss observed on ET intertank images – FD2 inspections |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/07/sts-127-foam-loss-observed-on-et-intertank-images-fd2-inspections/ |access-date=June 18, 2009 |publisher=[[NASASpaceFlight.com]]}}</ref>
<gallery class="center">
File:STS-127 Launch 05.jpg|Liftoff of Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'' from Launch Pad 39A
File:STS-127 liftoff enhanced picture.jpg|Wide angle view of ''Endeavour'' lifting off the pad
</gallery>

=== July 16 (Flight Day 2) ===
[[File:Astronaut Julie Payette looks through an overhead window on Space Shuttle Endeavour.jpg|thumb|Julie Payette looks through an overhead window while operating controls on the [[aft]] [[Cockpit|flight deck]] of ''Endeavour'' during flight day two activities.]]
The thermal protection system was inspected with the Shuttle Robotic Arm/Orbiter Boom Sensor System ([[Orbiter Boom Sensor System|OBSS]]) and the voluminous data downlinked for analysis. The orbital maneuvering system pods were inspected for tile damage or protruding tiles. The extravehicular mobility units were checked in addition to the rendezvous system tests and centerline camera installation. In preparation for the docking, the docking ring was extended.<ref name="fd2_inspections" /><ref group="NASA">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 MCC Status Report #03
 | publisher = [[NASA]]
 | date = July 16, 2009
 | url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-03.html
 | access-date = July 16, 2009
 | archive-date = July 20, 2009
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090720075927/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-03.html
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref>

=== July 17 (Flight Day 3, ISS Docking) ===
The shuttle successfully docked with the station {{convert|220|mi|km}} above the Earth, following rendezvous pitch maneuver (RPM) photography of ''Endeavour''{{'}}s thermal protection system by the Expedition 20 Crew.<ref>{{cite web
 | title = STS-127: Endeavour completes RPM and Docks with ISS – TPS latest
 | last = Chris Bergin
 | publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]
 | date = July 17, 2009
| url = http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/07/sts-127-endeavour-rpm-docking-tps-latest/
 | access-date =July 18, 2009}}
</ref> During this procedure, the shuttle flips over on its back to the station so that the station crew can capture high resolution imagery of the underside of the shuttle. The docking happened on the ISS's PMA-2 (Pressurized Mating Adapter) on the ''Harmony'' module and the hatch was opened after leak checks. As part of the crew swap, station crew member Koichi Wakata was replaced with Tim Kopra. The two astronauts specially fitted seatliners were interchanged.<ref group="NASA">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 MCC Status Report #05
 | publisher = [[NASA]]
 | date = July 17, 2009
 | url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-05.html
 | access-date = July 18, 2009
 | archive-date = July 21, 2009
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090721140515/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-05.html
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref> As part of preparation for EVA 1, astronauts Wolf and Kopra camped out in the Quest airlock. A quick review of the RPM imagery showed no serious concerns beyond two instances of coating loss. Further analysis of the imagery will be done. A boost of the station was completed with the shuttle's vernier thrusters to avoid a piece of space debris. The SRBs were retrieved and their camera imagery is expected to give more detail on the ET foam shedding.<ref name="sts127heatshield">{{cite web
 | title = Shuttle ''Endeavour''{{'}}s heat shield appears to be fine
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | date = July 17, 2009
| url = http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090717fd3/index3.html
 | access-date =July 18, 2009}}
</ref>

<gallery class="center">
File:Endeavour from ISS before docking.jpg|''Endeavour'' from ISS before docking
File:ISS from Endeavour before docking.jpg|One of ''Endeavour''{{'}}s aft flight deck windows frames the nearby International Space Station.
File:Range finding from shuttle to ISS.jpg|Astronaut Christopher Cassidy uses a rangefinder to determine the distance to ISS before docking
File:RPM_image_of_Endeavour.jpg|RPM image of ''Endeavour'' as taken from ISS
</gallery>

===July 18 (Flight Day 4, EVA 1)===
EVA 1 started with astronauts Dave Wolf and Tim Kopra switching their spacesuit power to internal battery at 16:19 UTC. Despite a communication problem with the spacewalkers, the Japanese Exposed Facility was successfully installed on the Japanese Experiment Module by means of a complex series of steps involving the robotic arms of both the station and the shuttle.<ref group="NASA" name="fd4_activities1">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 MCC Status Report #07
 | publisher=[[NASA]]
 | date = July 18, 2009
| url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-07.html
 | access-date =July 19, 2009}}
</ref> The JEF was first unberthed from the shuttle payload bay by the station arm, after which the shuttle arm took the load. The station arm was then moved to the worksite on Node-2 (Harmony), wherefrom it took the 4.1 ton facility back. The facility was then successfully latched on to the Experiment Module.<ref name="fd4_activities2">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 completes EVA-1 – Fuel Cell issue monitored by MMT
 | last = Chris Gebhardt
 | publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]
 | date = July 18, 2009
| url = http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/07/sts-125-eva-1-fuel-cell-issue-monitored-by-mmt/
 | access-date =July 19, 2009}}
</ref><ref>{{cite web
 | title = Crews to install station's external science deck today
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | date = July 18, 2009
| url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090718fd4/index.html
 | access-date =July 19, 2009}}
</ref><ref>{{cite web
 | title = External science deck hoisted out of shuttle payload bay
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | date = July 18, 2009
| url = http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090718fd4/index2.html
 | access-date =July 19, 2009}}
</ref> As part of the EVA, the spacewalkers successfully deployed the port Unpressurized Cargo Carrier Attach System (UCCAS), which could not be deployed during [[STS-119]]. During the prior mission, the deployment failed due to a jamming caused by a stuck detent pin. Engineers designed a custom tool to force the pin to release, which was used to deploy the mechanism.<ref name="fd4_activities3">{{cite web
 | title = Jammed payload bracket on station truss freed
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | date = July 18, 2009
| url = http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090718fd4/index3.html
 | access-date =July 19, 2009}}
</ref> Meanwhile, the shuttle managers announced that there would be no need for a focused inspection of the heat shield. The nose cap and wing leading-edge panels of the shuttle were cleared for entry as they were, but a reentry clearance was not given.<ref group="NASA" name="fd4_activities1" /> Beyond one impact site having a gouge, the rest of the impacts were found to be mostly a loss of coating.<ref>{{cite web
 | title = Shuttle heat shield inspection finds no major issues
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | date = July 18, 2009
| url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090718fd4/index4.html
 | access-date =July 19, 2009}}
</ref> The other activity scheduled for EVA 1, the deployment of a starboard side cargo carrier, was postponed for want of time.<ref name="fd4_activities3" /> A fuel cell issue found before launch was analyzed, though the cell continued to function as expected with no impact to the mission.<ref name="fd4_activities2" />

<gallery class="center">
File:STS-127 EVA1 Kopra04.jpg|Tim Kopra working to prepare the [[berthing]] mechanisms on the [[Kibo laboratory|''Kibō'' laboratory]] and the Japanese Exposed Facility (JEF) for the JEF installation on ''Kibō'', during space walk 1.
File:STS-127 JEM-EF.jpg|JEF in the grasp of the shuttle's robotic arm.
</gallery>

===July 19 (Flight Day 5)===
[[File:STS-127 ICC.jpg|thumb|ICC handoff by shuttle's robotic arm]]
The installation of the Integrated Cargo Carrier-Vertical Light Deployable (ICC-VLD) on the port side of the station was successfully completed with the use of both the shuttle and station robotic arms. The cargo pallet, containing spares and fresh batteries for the station, was lifted out of the shuttle bay by the shuttle arm and handed off to the station's Canadarm2, which maneuvered it to its position. The pallet's contents will be set up in upcoming EVAs. A malfunction in a new toilet in the Destiny laboratory caused the crew to use the one in the Russian segment while attempts were made to identify the fault. Meanwhile, the shuttle was cleared for reentry.<ref group="NASA" name="fd5_activities1">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 MCC Status Report #09
 | publisher = [[NASA]]
 | date = July 19, 2009
 | url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-09.html
 | access-date = July 20, 2009
 | archive-date = July 23, 2009
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090723200916/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-09.html
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref><ref name="fd5_activities2">{{cite web
 | title = Endeavour cleared for entry ahead of EVA-2 – ET-132 tests begin
 | publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]
 | date = July 20, 2009
| url = http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/07/endeavour-cleared-for-entry-eva-2-et-132-tests-begin/
 | access-date =July 20, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd5_activities3">{{cite web
 | title = Crew moves equipment, preps for next spacewalk
 | publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]
 | date = July 19, 2009
| url = http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090719fd5/index.html
 | access-date =July 20, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd5_toiletissue">{{cite web
 | title = International Space Station's U.S. toilet malfunctions
 | publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]
 | date = July 19, 2009
| url = http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090719fd5/index2.html
 | access-date =July 20, 2009}}
</ref>

===July 20 (Flight Day 6, EVA 2)===
Astronauts Wolf and Marshburn began EVA 2 at 15:27 UTC out of the Quest airlock. The EVA was to transfer the spare components brought by the shuttle from the ICC-VLD to [[External Stowage Platform]]-3. The spares were handled by Wolf riding the station's robotic arm to the P3 truss stowage platform where he and Marshburn attached them for long-term storage. The purpose of the spares was to provide redundancy to the station in the period following the shuttle's retirement. The spares unloaded include a Ku-Band Space-to-Ground antenna, a pump module for the coolant system and a drive unit for the station's robotic arm's mobile transporter. A planned installation of a camera on the Japanese Experiment Facility was postponed to a future EVA for want of time. Meanwhile, the malfunctioning toilet was set right with the replacement of internal parts and cleared for normal use after tests.<ref group="NASA" name="fd6_activities1">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 MCC Status Report #11
 | publisher=[[NASA]]
 | date = July 20, 2009
| url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-11.html
 | access-date =July 22, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd6_activities2">{{cite web
 | title = Spacewalk No. 2 ends
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | date = July 20, 2009
| url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090720fd6/index4.html
 | access-date =July 22, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd6_activities3">{{cite web
 | title = Spacewalkers to unload spare parts from carrier
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | date = July 20, 2009
| url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090720fd6/index.html
 | access-date =July 22, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd6_toilet">{{cite web
 | title = Toilet repairs complete aboard the space station
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | date = July 20, 2009
| url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090720fd6/index3.html
 | access-date =July 22, 2009}}
</ref>

<gallery class="center">
File:STS-127 EVA2 Wolf4.jpg|Dave Wolf performs his second space walk, which is also the second of five scheduled space walks for STS-127.
File:Astronaut Tom Marshburn performs his first spacewalk.jpg|Tom Marshburn performs his first space walk, the STS-127 crew's second of the five scheduled.
File:Astronaut Tom Marshburn performs his first spacewalk (2).jpg|Another view of Marshburn during his first space walk.
</gallery>

===July 21 (Flight Day 7)===
[[File:STS-127 JLE handover.jpg|thumb|Japanese logistics carrier(JLE) handoff from shuttle to station.]]
In one of the more relaxed days, the Japanese logistics carrier was attached to the Japanese Exposed Facility. The cargo pallet was unberthed from the shuttle by the shuttle's robotic arm and handed to the station's robotic arm which then soft fixed it temporarily to the facility. After the experiments, containing an X-ray astronomy payload, a space environment monitor and a communications system, are installed the pallet will be returned to Earth by the shuttle.<ref group="NASA" name="fd7_activities1">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 MCC Status Report #13
 | publisher = [[NASA]]
 | date = July 21, 2009
 | url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-13.html
 | access-date = July 22, 2009
 | archive-date = July 23, 2009
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090723200931/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-13.html
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref><ref name="fd7_activities">{{cite web
 | title = Japanese experiments removed from the shuttle
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | date = July 21, 2009
| url = http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090721fd7/index.html
 | access-date =July 22, 2009}}
</ref>

===July 22 (Flight Day 8, EVA 3)===
[[File:Astronaut Christopher Cassidy during STS-127's third space walk.jpg|thumb|Cassidy works near the JEF during space walk 3.]]

The spacewalk involving astronauts Wolf and Cassidy started at 14:32 UTC. As part of preparation for experiment installation on the Japanese external science deck, Cassidy removed the thermal covers off the experiment carrier. Meanwhile, Wolf removed obstructions, consisting of a steel handrail and an equipment installation socket, from the ''Harmony'' node to clear the way for an upcoming Japanese automated resupply ship. The other task for EVA 3, involving replacement of four of the six batteries in the P6 truss, did not go as planned. Each 170&nbsp;kg (375&nbsp;lb) battery was to be removed and placed in a temporary stowage platform while a new one is taken from the ICC-VLD and fixed. The old ones will be returned to Earth. When two new batteries had been installed and three old ones removed, the {{co2}} levels in Cassidy's suit showed an upward trend. Even though it never exceeded the safety limits, the EVA was called off with both astronauts returning into the station. This left one old battery in a temporary flexible stowage position. The rest of the batteries will be installed in a future EVA with the rest of the EVAs being under replanning.<ref group="NASA" name="fd8_activities1">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 MCC Status Report #15
 | publisher=[[NASA]]
 | date = July 22, 2009
| url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-15.html
 | access-date =July 24, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd8_activities2">{{cite web
 | title = Extensive spacewalk replanning underway
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | date = July 22, 2009
| url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090722fd8/index3.html
 | access-date =July 24, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd8_activities3">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 Shuttle report
 | last = Justin Ray
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/status13.html
 | access-date =July 24, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd8_activities4">{{cite web
 | title = EVA-3 terminated due to LiOH concern – DAT present TPS clearance reports
 | last = Chris Gebhardt
 | date = July 22, 2009
 | publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]
 | url = http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/07/sts-127-begins-eva-3-dat-present-tps-clearance-reports/
 | access-date =July 24, 2009}}
</ref>

===July 23 (Flight Day 9)===
The ''Kibō'' robotic arm was inaugurated operationally with it being used to install experiments on to the Japanese exposed facility. The three experiments, transferred from the Japanese cargo pallet, consisted of [[MAXI (ISS Experiment)|Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image]], Inter-orbit Communication System and Space Environment Data Acquisition Equipment-Attached Payload. As per the revised plan for EVA 4 astronauts Cassidy and Marshburn will replace the remaining four batteries on P6 and complete the already deferred installation of a camera on the Japanese experiment facility.<ref group="NASA" name="fd9_activities1">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 MCC Status Report #17
 | publisher = [[NASA]]
 | date = July 23, 2009
 | url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-17.html
 | access-date = July 24, 2009
 | archive-date = July 7, 2017
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170707065420/https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-17.html
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref><ref group="NASA" name="fd9_activities2">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 MCC Status Report #16
 | publisher = [[NASA]]
 | date = July 23, 2009
 | url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-16.html
 | access-date = July 24, 2009
 | archive-date = July 26, 2009
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090726055222/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-16.html
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref><ref name="fd9_activities3">{{cite web
 | title = Station's outdoor science deck gets its first payloads
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | date = July 23, 2009
| url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090723fd9/index2.html
 | access-date =July 24, 2009}}
</ref>

===July 24 (Flight Day 10, EVA 4)===
The fourth spacewalk, by Cassidy and Marshburn, involved replacement of the final four of the six batteries on P6 truss integrated electronics assembly. After berthing the old batteries in the ICC-VLD, the cargo pallet was returned to the ''Endeavour''{{'}}s payload bay by the shuttle's robotic arm. The elevated levels of {{co2}} in Cassidy's suit during EVA 3 was attributed to the astronaut working at a fast pace.<ref group="NASA" name="fd10_activities1">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 MCC Status Report #19
 | publisher=[[NASA]]
 | date = July 24, 2009
| url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-19.html
 | access-date =July 26, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd10_activities2">{{cite web
 | title = Spacewalkers give station's power grid fresh batteries
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | date = July 24, 2009
| url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090724fd10/index2.html
 | access-date =July 26, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd10_activities3">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127: EVA-4 completes Battery R&R – Progress M-67 launches to ISS
 | last = Chris Bergin
 | publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]
 | date = July 24, 2009
| url = http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/07/sts-127-live-eva-4-progress-m-67-launches-to-iss/
 | access-date =July 26, 2009}}
</ref>

===July 25 (Flight Day 11)===
The crew of both the shuttle and station had a day off. The day was uneventful except for the station's American {{co2}} removal system shutting down without any immediate impact.<ref group="NASA" name="fd11_activities1">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 MCC Status Report #21
 | publisher = [[NASA]]
 | date = July 25, 2009
 | url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-21.html
 | access-date = July 26, 2009
 | archive-date = July 7, 2017
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170707065336/https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-21.html
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref><ref name="fd11_activities2">{{cite web
 | title = Astronauts get the day off to rest after hectic pace
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | date = July 25, 2009
| url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090725fd11/index.html
 | access-date =July 26, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd11_activities3">{{cite web
 | title = Station's American CO2 removal system shuts down
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | date = July 25, 2009
| url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090725fd11/index2.html
 | access-date =July 26, 2009}}
</ref>

===July 26 (Flight Day 12)===
The Japanese Exposed Section cargo carrier was berthed in ''Endeavour''{{'}}s payload bay by the shuttle's robotic arm after it was handed the pallet by the station's robotic arm. After this the crew of both the station and the shuttle held a joint news conference. Meanwhile, the malfunctioning American {{co2}} removal system has been transitioned to manual mode in order to keep it running.<ref group="NASA" name="fd12_activities1">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 MCC Status Report #23
 | publisher = [[NASA]]
 | date = July 26, 2009
 | url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-23.html
 | access-date = July 27, 2009
 | archive-date = August 30, 2009
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090830103054/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-23.html
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref><ref name="fd12_activities2">{{cite web
 | title = Skipper calls it 'extremely successful' mission so far
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | date = July 26, 2009
| url = http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090726fd12/index2.html
 | access-date =July 27, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd12_co2">{{cite web
 | title = Station's carbon dioxide scrubber back on line
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | date = July 26, 2009
| url = http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090726fd12/index.html
 | access-date =July 27, 2009}}
</ref>

===July 27 (Flight Day 13, EVA 5)===
[[File:Astronauts Tom Marshburn and Christopher Cassidy STS-127 Space walk 5.jpg|thumb|Marshburn and Cassidy during space walk 5]]

Cassidy and Marshburn started EVA 5 at 11:33 UTC when they switched their suit power to internal battery. For this spacewalk, the {{co2}} absorbent system in the suits were changed from [[Lithium Hydroxide]] to METOX due to problems with Cassidy's usage. Cassidy completed the reconfiguring of power channels in the Zenith 1 patch panel which are used for the control moment gyroscopes. Before the rewiring, two of the gyroscopes were fed by the same power channel. Since a failure of the channel can knock down two gyros and put the station in a degraded position the reconfiguration was made necessary. This rewiring made the two gyros to operate from separate power channels. Meanwhile, Marshburn secured some multi-layered insulation on the Dextre. Later both the spacewalkers installed video cameras on the front and back of the Japanese exposed facility which will be used in dockings of the Japanese cargo crafts and normal operation. The cameras flew up in launch configuration and now have been installed in an operational configuration, thus completing the JEF assembly. Meanwhile, due to Cassidy's METOX limitation, the deployment of the PAS was deferred to a future spacewalk. Instead some get ahead tasks were completed which included installation of handrails and a portable foot restraint.<ref group="NASA" name="fd13_activities1">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 MCC Status Report #25
 | publisher=[[NASA]]
 | date = July 27, 2009
| url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-25.html
 | access-date =July 28, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd13_plan">{{cite web
 | title = Endeavour crew taking fifth and final spacewalk
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | date = July 27, 2009
| url = http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090727fd13/index.html
 | access-date =July 28, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd13_activities2">{{cite web
 | title = Endeavour crew completes fifth and final spacewalk
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | date = July 27, 2009
| url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090727fd13/index4.html
 | access-date =July 28, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd13_activities3">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 ends replanned EVA-5; Pad 39A ready to support Discovery
 | publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]
 | last = Chris Gebhardt
 | date = July 27, 2009
| url = http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/07/live-endeavour-into-replanned-eva-5-pad-39a-ready-to-support-discovery/
 | access-date =July 28, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd13_activities4">{{cite web
 | title = Mission Status Center – July&nbsp;27
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/status18.html
 | access-date =July 29, 2009}}
</ref>

===July 28 (Flight Day 14, ISS Undocking)===
After a crew farewell ''Endeavour'' undocked from the ISS at 17:26 UTC. Unlike most other launches, hatch closure, which happened at 15:08 UTC, and undocking happened on the same day due to the extended delay in launching and the arrival of the [[Progress M-67|Progress 34]] cargo craft. After undocking Hurley began a fly around of the station giving the shuttle crew an opportunity to photograph the station's current configuration in all directions. Then a final separation burn was completed at 3:09&nbsp;pm EDT.<ref group="NASA" name="fd14_activities1">{{cite web
 | title = STS-127 MCC Status Report #27
 | publisher = [[NASA]]
 | date = July 28, 2009
 | url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-27.html
 | access-date = July 29, 2009
 | archive-date = August 1, 2009
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090801110251/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-27.html
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref><ref name="fd14_activities2">{{cite web
 | title = Shuttle undocks and takes victory lap around station
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | date = July 28, 2009
| url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090728fd14/index3.html
 | access-date =July 29, 2009}}
</ref><ref name="fd14_activities3">{{cite web
 | title = Shuttle and station crews bid each other farewell
 | publisher=SpaceflightNow.com
 | first=William| last=Harwood| work=[[CBS news]]
 | date = July 28, 2009
| url = http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090728fd14/index2.html
 | access-date =July 29, 2009}}
</ref>

<gallery class="center">
File:Endeavour shortly after shuttle and station post-undocking separation.jpg|''Endeavour'' shortly after the shuttle and station post-undocking separation.
File:ISS & Endeavour Shadow STS-127 2.jpg|ISS shortly after the shuttle and station post-undocking separation with the JEF prominently seen.
</gallery>

===July 29 (Flight Day 15)===
[[File:Layers of Earth's atmosphere, brightly colored as the sun sets.jpg|thumb|Image of orbital sunset taken from ''Endeavour'' one day before the shuttle landed]]

The OBSS was grappled by the shuttle's robotic arm and used to inspect ''Endeavour''{{'}}s thermal protection system for damage from orbital debris. The imagery will be analyzed to clear the shuttle for reentry.<ref group="NASA" name="fd15_activities1">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-29.html|title=STS-127 MCC Status Report #29|date=July 29, 2009|publisher=[[NASA]]|access-date=July 30, 2009}}</ref> Meanwhile, the foam loss on the external tank was initially attributed to substrate contamination ahead of the application of the foam.<ref name="et131_foamloss">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/07/endeavour-late-inspections-candidate-for-et-131-foam-loss/|title=Endeavour completes Late Inspections – Candidate found for ET-131 foam loss|last=Bergin|first=Chris |date=July 29, 2009|publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]|access-date=July 30, 2009}}</ref> Later during the processing of [[STS-128]], voids in the foam was highlighted as a trigger for the shedding. The air trapped in the voids could have expanded due to the high temperatures generated during ascent thus breaking the foam.<ref name="et132_foam1">{{cite news|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/08/sts-128-managers-head-into-frr-debate-void-in-ifr/|title=STS-128: Managers head into FRR debate – Void in suspect IFR highlighted|last=Bergin|first=Chris|date=August 10, 2009|publisher=nasaspaceflight.com|access-date=August 28, 2009}}</ref><ref name="et132_foam">{{cite news|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts128/090807foam/|title=Engineers continue to assess shuttle fuel tank foam|last=Harwood|first=William|date=August 7, 2009|publisher=spaceflightnow.com from CBS|access-date=August 28, 2009}}</ref>

===July 30 (Flight Day 16)===
The crew checked out the shuttle's systems for the landing, and successfully deployed the [[DRAGONSat]] and ANDE-2 satellites. The shuttle was cleared for reentry, with the TPS imagery showing no concerns.<ref group="NASA" name="fd16_activities1">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-31.html|title=STS-127 MCC Status Report #31|date=July 30, 2009|publisher=[[NASA]]|access-date=July 31, 2009|archive-date=August 2, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090802083531/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-31.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="fd16_activities2">{{cite web|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/090730fd16/index3.html|title=Landing flight director hopeful about weather|last=Harwood|first=William|date=July 30, 2009|publisher=SpaceflightNow.com from CBS news|access-date=July 31, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.redorbit.com/news/space/1722718/nrls_ande2_launches_aboard_sts127/index.html?source=r_space|title=NRL's ANDE-2 Launches Aboard STS-127|date=July 30, 2009|publisher=redorbit.com|access-date=July 30, 2009}}</ref> The shuttle tracked two chances of landing at KSC on July 31, and could land no later due to its limited [[carbon dioxide]]-scrubbing LiOH supply.<ref name="fd16_activities3">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/07/endeavour-tracking-ksc-return-tps-cleared-entry/|title=Endeavour tracking KSC return on Friday – TPS cleared for entry|last=Bergin|first=Chris|date=July 30, 2009|publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]|access-date=July 31, 2009}}</ref>

===July 31 (Flight Day 17, Landing)===
After a 16-day mission, ''Endeavour'' landed successfully at Kennedy Space Center at 10:48 EDT on July 31, 2009. The landing had to be undertaken before August 1, due to {{co2}}-scrubbing [[lithium hydroxide]] limitations. There were two opportunities to land on July 31, of which the first was ultimately utilized.<ref group="NASA" name="fd17_landing1">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-32.html|title=STS-127 MCC Status Report #32|date=July 31, 2009|publisher=[[NASA]]|access-date=July 31, 2009|archive-date=August 1, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090801223642/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/news/STS-127-32.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="fd17_landing2">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/07/live-endeavour-florida-return-debris-during-fcs-checkout/|title=LIVE: Endeavour lands back in Florida – debris noted during FCS checkout|last=Bergin|first=Chris|date=July 31, 2009|publisher=[[NASAspaceflight.com]]|access-date=July 31, 2009}}</ref>

<gallery class="center">
File:STS-127 Landing 02.jpg|''Endeavour'' touches down at Kennedy Space Center.
File:STS-127 Landing 01.jpg|''Endeavour'' deploys its drag chute to aid deceleration.
</gallery>

==EVAs==
Five [[Extra-vehicular activity|spacewalks]] were conducted during STS-127.<ref group="NASA" name="presskit" />
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="width:5em;" | EVA
! Spacewalkers
! Start ([[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]])
! End (UTC)
! Duration
|-
| rowspan="2" | EVA 1
| [[David Wolf (astronaut)|David A. Wolf]] <br/> [[Timothy L. Kopra|Timothy Kopra]]
| July 18, 2009 <br/> 16:19
| July 18, 2009 <br/> 20:51
| 5 hours, 32 minutes
|-
| colspan="4" | [[Japanese Experiment Module#Exposed Facility|JEF]] installed and [[Integrated Truss Structure#P3/P4, S3/S4 truss assemblies|P3]] Nadir [[Unpressurized Cargo Carrier Attach System]] deployed. The [[Integrated Truss Structure#P3/P4, S3/S4 truss assemblies|S3]] Zenith Outboard [[Payload Attachment System]] deployment was postponed due to time constraints.<ref group="NASA" name="presskit" /><ref group="NASA" name="fd4_activities1" /><ref name="fd4_activities2" /><ref name="fd4_activities3" />
|-
| rowspan="2" | EVA 2
| Wolf <br/> [[Thomas Marshburn|Thomas H. Marshburn]]
| July 20, 2009 <br/> 15:27
| July 20, 2009 <br/> 22:20
| 6 hours, 53 minutes
|-
| colspan="4" | Transferred [[Orbital Replacement Unit]]s (ORUs) from the [[Shuttle Integrated Cargo Carrier]] (ICC) to the [[External Stowage Platform]]-3 (ESP3). Transferred materials included a spare high-gain antenna, cooling-system pump module and spare parts for the [[Canadarm2#Mobile Base System|Mobile Servicing System]]. The [[Japanese Experiment Module#Exposed Facility|JEF]] Visual Equipment (JEF-VE) installation on the forward section was postponed due to time constraints.<ref group="NASA" name="fd6_activities1" /><ref name="fd6_activities2" /><ref name="fd6_activities3" />
|-
| rowspan="2" | EVA 3
| Wolf <br/> [[Christopher Cassidy|Christopher J. Cassidy]]
| July 22, 2009 <br/> 14:32
| July 22, 2009 <br/> 20:31
| 5 hours, 59 minutes
|-
| colspan="4" | [[JEM-PM|JPM]] preparation work, ICS-EF MLI, and [[S6 truss|P6]] battery replacement (2 of 6 units).<ref group="NASA" name="presskit" /> EVA was cut short due to high levels of {{co2}} in Cassidy's suit.<ref group="NASA" name="fd8_activities1" /><ref name="fd8_activities2" /><ref name="fd8_activities3" />
|-
| rowspan="2" | EVA 4
| Cassidy <br/> Marshburn
| July 24, 2009 <br/> 13:54
| July 24, 2009 <br/> 21:06
| 7 hours, 12 minutes
|-
| colspan="4" | [[S6 truss|P6]] battery replacement (final 4 of 6).<ref group="NASA" name="fd10_activities1" /><ref name="fd10_activities2" /><ref name="fd10_activities3" />
|-
| rowspan="2" | EVA 5
| Cassidy <br/> Marshburn
| July 27, 2009 <br/> 11:33
| July 27, 2009 <br/> 16:27
| 4 hours, 54 minutes
|-
| colspan="4" | [[Dextre|SPDM]] thermal cover adjustment, [[Z1 truss|Z1]] patch panel reconfiguration, [[Japanese Experiment Module|JEM]] visual equipment (JEM-VE) installation (forward and aft), and JEM-LTA reconfigurations. The S3 Nadir [[Payload Attachment System]] (outboard) deployment was postponed to a later mission.<ref group="NASA" name="fd13_activities1" /><ref name="fd13_plan" /><ref name="fd13_activities2" /><ref name="fd13_activities3" /><ref group="NASA" name="FD12_exec">{{cite web| url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/373286main_fd12_exec_pkg.pdf| title=STS-127 FD12 Execute Package| date=July 26, 2009| publisher=[[NASA]]| access-date=August 7, 2009}}</ref>
|}

==Wake-up calls==
NASA began a tradition of playing music to astronauts during the [[Gemini program]], and first used music to wake up a flight crew during [[Apollo 15]]. Each track is specially chosen, often by the astronauts' families, and usually has a special meaning to an individual member of the crew, or is applicable to their daily activities.<ref group="NASA" name="chronology">{{cite news |url=https://history.nasa.gov/wakeup%20calls.pdf |title=Chronology of Wakeup Calls |publisher=[[NASA]] |first=Colin |last=Fries |date=June 25, 2007 |access-date=August 13, 2007 |archive-date=December 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220093919/https://history.nasa.gov/wakeup%20calls.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref group="NASA" name="wakeup">{{cite web |url=http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/html/ndxpage1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090724023257/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/html/ndxpage1.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 24, 2009 |title=STS-127 Wakeup Calls |publisher=[[NASA]] |date=May 11, 2009 |access-date=May 11, 2009}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Flight Day
! Song
! Artist
! Played for
! Links
|-
| Day 2
| "[[These Are Days]]"
| [[10,000 Maniacs]]
| [[Timothy Kopra]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120222042038/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd02.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306021327/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd02.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090721095116/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd02.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 3
| "[[Here Comes the Sun]]"
| [[The Beatles]]
| [[Mark Polansky]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306021354/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd03.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306021550/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd03.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090721102127/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd03.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 4
| "[[Carencro (album)|Home]]"
| [[Marc Broussard]]
| [[David Wolf (astronaut)|David Wolf]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306021610/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd04.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306021746/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd04.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090721093855/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd04.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 5
| "[[Learning to Fly (Tom Petty song)|Learning to Fly]]"
| [[Tom Petty]]
| [[Christopher Cassidy]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306021814/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd05.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306021848/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd05.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090721093900/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd05.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 6
| "[[Thunderbirds (TV series)#Music|Thunderbirds March]]"
| [[Barry Gray]]
| [[Julie Payette]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306021910/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd06.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306021946/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd06.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306021953/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd06.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 7
| "[[Life Is a Highway]]"
| [[Rascal Flatts]]
| [[Thomas H. Marshburn|Tom Marshburn]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306021959/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd07.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022043/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd07.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090801115502/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd07.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 8
| "[[Santa Monica (Everclear song)|Santa Monica]]"
| [[Everclear (band)|Everclear]]
| [[Douglas Hurley]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022111/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd08.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022157/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd08.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090725223053/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd08.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 9
| "[[Tiny Dancer]]"
| [[Elton John]]
| [[Mark Polansky]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022213/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd09.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022250/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd09.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090726064009/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd09.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 10
| "[[Wish You Were Here (Pink Floyd song)|Wish You Were Here]]"
| [[Pink Floyd]]
| [[David Wolf (astronaut)|David Wolf]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022326/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd10.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022412/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd10.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090727065616/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd10.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 11
| "[[In Your Eyes (Peter Gabriel song)|In Your Eyes]]"
| [[Peter Gabriel]]
| [[Thomas H. Marshburn|Tom Marshburn]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022432/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd11.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022512/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd11.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090728043904/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd11.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 12
| "[[Dixit Dominus (Handel)|Dixit Dominus]]"
| [[George Frederic Handel]]
| [[Julie Payette]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022544/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd12.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022623/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd12.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090729025119/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd12.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 13
| "[[On the Sunny Side of the Street]]"
| [[Steve Tyrell]]
| [[Mark Polansky]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022640/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd13.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022737/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd13.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090730201402/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd13.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 14
| "[[God Bless the U.S.A.]]"<ref group="NASA" name="127wakeup">{{cite web |url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/html/ndxpage1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090723005658/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/html/ndxpage1.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 23, 2009 |title=STS-127 Wakeup Calls |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=July 28, 2009}}</ref>
| [[Lee Greenwood]]
| [[Chris Cassidy]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022755/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd14.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022836/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd14.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090801115507/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd14.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 15
| "[[Yellow (Coldplay song)|Yellow]]"
| [[Coldplay]]
| [[Doug Hurley]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022916/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd15.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022959/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd15.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090801103109/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd15.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 16
| "[[I Got You Babe]]"
| [[Sonny & Cher]]
| [[Koichi Wakata]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306023030/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd16.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306023121/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd16.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090802094742/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd16.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|-
| Day 17
| "[[Beautiful Day]]"
| [[U2]]
| [[Thomas H. Marshburn|Tom Marshburn]]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306023142/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/wave/fd17.wav WAV] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120306023227/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/mp3/fd17.mp3 MP3] <br/> [https://web.archive.org/web/20090803100058/http://spaceflight1.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-127/transcript/fd17.txt TRANSCRIPT]
|}

== See also ==
{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
{{Wikinews|NASA cancels launch of Space Shuttle Endeavour | Space Shuttle ''Endeavour''{{'}}s launchpad struck by lightning delaying launch}}
* [[2009 in spaceflight]]
* [[List of human spaceflights]]
* [[List of International Space Station spacewalks]]
* [[List of Space Shuttle missions]]
* [[List of spacewalks 2000–2014]]

== Media ==

<gallery class="center" widths="200px">
File:Endeavour Ksc 071509 sts127 launch1.ogg|[[Space Shuttle Endeavour|Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'']] launches from Launch Pad 39A at [[Kennedy Space Center]] as part of the STS-127 mission
File:Sts-127 landing.ogv|[[Space Shuttle Endeavour|Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'']] landing
</gallery>

==References==
;Notes
{{Reflist|group=Note}}

;Inline citations
{{Reflist|30em}}

;NASA
{{Include-NASA}}
{{Reflist|group=NASA|2}}

==External links==
{{Commons|STS-127}}
* [http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts127/status.html SpaceFlightNow's Mission Status Center for STS-127]
* [http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/main/index.html NASA's Space Shuttle page]
* [http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/index.html NASA's STS-127 page]
* [https://twitter.com/Astro_127 Mark Polansky on Twitter]
* [https://twitter.com/nasa NASA's Twitter page]

{{Space Shuttle Endeavour}}
{{Crewed ISS flights}}
{{All U.S. Space Shuttle Missions}}
{{Orbital launches in 2009}}

{{Use American English|date=January 2014}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:STS-127}}
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 2009]]
[[Category:Space Shuttle missions]]
[[Category:Spacecraft which reentered in 2009]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]