Spirama
| Spirama | |
|---|---|
| |
| Spirama recessa. | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Tribe: | Hypopyrini |
| Genus: | Spirama Guenée in Boisduval & Guenée, 1852[1] |
| Synonyms | |
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Spirama is a genus of moths in the Erebidae family.
Description
Antennae usually minutely fasciculate in male. Tibia not hairy and mid tibia spined. Palpi with second joint reaching vertex of head and third joint naked. Thorax and abdomen smoothly clothed with hair. Fore wings with nearly rectangular apex. Hind wings with vein 5 from lower angle of cell, which is rather short.[2]
Defensive display
Some of the species, such as S. helicina, S. indenta, S. recessa, S. remota and S. sumbana, have a pattern on the wings that looks like the frontal view of the face of a snake with slightly opened mouth. This pattern is more clearly discernible in females. It may intimidate potential predators and dissuade them from attacking.[3]
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Species
- Spirama biformis Hulstaert, 1924
- Spirama capitulifera Prout, 1919
- Spirama euphrages Prout, 1924
- Spirama euspira (Hubner, 1823)
- Spirama glaucescens Butler, 1893
- Spirama griseisigma Hampson, 1913
- Spirama helicina Hübner, [1831]
- Spirama inconspicua Herrich-Schäffer, [1854]
- Spirama indenta Hampson, 1891
- Spirama kalaoensis Swinhoe, 1904
- Spirama miniata Wallengren, 1856
- Spirama paecila (Guenée, 1852)
- Spirama recessa Walker, 1858
- Spirama remota Felder, 1861
- Spirama retorta Clerck, 1764
- Spirama sumbana Swinhoe, 1904
- Spirama triloba Guenée, 1852
- Spirama voluta Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874
Former species
- Spirama obscura Cramer, 1780 was moved to the Speiredonia genus in 2005.
- Spirama revolvens (Walker, 1858)
References
- ^ taxapad.com
- ^ Hampson G. F. (1892). "The Fauna Of British India Including Ceylon And Burma Moths Vol-ii". Digital Library of India. p. 558. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
- ^ John L. Capinera, Encyclopedia of Entomology, Volume 4, p. 1174
External links
- Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
- Spirama at funet.fi
- ハグルマトモエ Spirama helicina (Hübner, [1831)]
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