TMEM50A
Template:PBB Transmembrane protein 50A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMEM50A gene.[1][2][3]
Gene
The TMEM50A gene is located on chromosome 1 p36.11 in the human (homo sapiens) genome. Its mRNA sequence is 2284 base pairs in length and includes seven exons. The coding sequence is from base pairs 151 to 624.
Protein
The TMEM50A protein is 157 amino acids in length.
Cellular Location
PSORT II predicts that TMEM50A is most likely found in the cells plasma membrane or the endoplasmic reticulum.
Predicted properties
Through bioinformatic analysis several of TMEM50A's protein properties were predicted.
- Molecular Weight: 17.4 KDal[4]
- Isoelectric point: 5.483[5]
- Post-translational modification: Several post-translational modifications are predicted:
- Two serine phosphorylation sites found at amino acids 82 and 84 Residue[6]
- One possibleN-Linked Glycosylation Site located at amino acid 74 [6]
- One possible Tryosine phosphorylation site
Structure
The exact structure of TMEM50A is unknown but through the use of several prediction programs, some of its most likely structural components can be assumed.
- TMHMM shows that TMEM50A has four transmembrane regions. This was further confirmed by similar results found in TMEM50A orthologs and the neutral charge found in these regions using SAPS program in Biology Workbench
- By using the PELE program in Biology Workbench along with comparing the results of known protein structures, it can be predicted that TMEM50A has:
- Two Alpha Helix structures
- Five Beta Sheets
Splice Sites
Alternative Splice sites were found by BLAT on the UCSC genome browser
TMEM50A has several alternative splices including:
- Removal of exon 2
- Removal of exons 2 and 3
- Removal of exons 2, 3, and 5
- Removal of exon 3
- Removal of exon 5
These alternative splice sites don't affect the reading frame of the sequence and thus may not alter the function of the protein.
Expression
TMEM50A is expressed in almost all human tissues, but evidence from EST profiles through NCBI, suggests that its expression may be slightly higher in parathyroid tissues and brain tissues. It also seems to be expressed higher during the neonate and juvenile development stages.
Interacting Proteins
There is one predicted protein that interacts with TMEM50A, C7orf43. This proteins gene is located on chromosome 7 open reading frame 43. Its function is also unknown.
Future Medical Applications
Investigation of several GEO profiles showed that TMEM50A is highly upregulated in late stage cervical cancer. This may suggest that TMEM50A has some function that may be causing or is caused directly by cervical cancer. Although few studies are available to confirm this idea, more studies may offer suggestions that use TMEM50A for treatment of late stage cervical cancer.
References
- ^ Flegel WA, Wagner FF (Dec 2000). "Molecular genetics of RH". Vox Sang. 78 Suppl 2: 109–15. PMID 10938938.
- ^ Wagner FF, Flegel WA (Aug 2000). "RHD gene deletion occurred in the Rhesus box". Blood. 95 (12): 3662–8. PMID 10845894.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: TMEM50A transmembrane protein 50A".
- ^ Brendel V, Bucher P, Nourbakhsh IR, Blaisdell BE, Karlin S (March 1992). "Methods and algorithms for statistical analysis of protein sequences". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 89 (6): 2002–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.6.2002. PMC 48584. PMID 1549558.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "PI Program (Isoelectric Point Prediction)".
- ^ a b "UniProt Database".