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{{Project Boston|class=B|importance=Top}}
{{WPMILHIST|class=B
|B-Class-1=yes
|B-Class-2=yes
|B-Class-3=yes
|B-Class-4=yes
|B-Class-5=yes
|British-task-force=yes|US=yes}}
{{FailedGA|2007-02-13}}

==Old==
David McCullough's ''John Adams'' has a completely different take on the event. From this vantage, it appears that the mob was armed, the soldiers were attacked, and that the soldiers did indeed act in self-defense. [[User:JSeer|JSeer]]

<i>but in the involvement of ordinary working Americans in an important revolutionary event.</I>
:I don't see how this chucking of ice at sentries constitutes an important revolutionary event

Well they shot them so yah, go figure. See also: [[propaganda]] -- [[User:Susan Mason|Susan Mason]]

It was important because John Adams used it for propaganda and turned the unruly drunken mob into a band of patriots. --[[User:Maveric149|mav]]
:So basically a drunken crowd attacked a small group of soldiers and the soldiers defended themselves?

that depends on whether u think their usage of force was appropriate to the situation. two soldiers were convicted of manslaughter. [[User:Susan Mason|Susan Mason]]
:I somehow doubt it's possible to get a balanced account of what really happened. But I'm sure Boston police today wouldn't be very pacifistic if attacked by a drunken hard-object-lobbing crowd
----
I'd like to remove the Kent State reference. There are a significant number of differences between the events. I know Wiki isn't a Usenet group, but thought I'd ask for objections first since the phrase has been in this article for some time. If there are no objections, I'll remove the reference at the end of the week.
----
I hought the debate over Crispus Attucks was wether he was African American, not whether he was the first victim. [[User:Rmhermen|Rmhermen]] 17:09 Apr 30, 2003 (UTC)

:That's a different debate. --[[User:Maveric149|mav]]

---- Because of this The Problems against Britian and America would start up .
:Revere incorrectly depicted the event as happening during the day, in close quarters, and with the British commander behind his troops

Unless there's an eclipse going on, it looks like there's a moon in the top left of the engraving...

[[User:Fvincent|fvincent]] 07:10, Mar 5, 2004 (UTC)

:And the moon is only out at night? --[[User:Maveric149|mav]] 07:13, 5 Mar 2004 (UTC)

::I think fvincent makes a good observation. Artists generally include the moon as an indication that it is night. Artists generally include the sun as an indication that it is -- [[User:Nunh-huh|Nunh-huh]] 07:18, 5 Mar 2004 (UTC)

:::And a bright blue sky is often an indication of day. day.[http://www.iath.virginia.edu/seminar/unit1/images/boston.jpg] --mav

::::Indeed. This is not a particularly photorealistic rendering, so it's best not to assert that it is "erroneous" because we think the blue sky is a "better" indicator than the moon, especially when we know the event was at night. - [[User:Nunh-huh|Nunh-huh]] 07:33, 5 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Many people thought that the massacre was a change for the better.

:::::OK - the image has been updated and so has the text. --mav

::::::As it works out, Revere did the engraving and the publishing, but not the colorization. This is an early case of Ted-Turner-gone-wrong. Though Revere, as publisher, still must bear a bit of responsibility for the blue. - [[User:Nunh-huh|Nunh-huh]] 07:46, 5 Mar 2004 (UTC)~

A couple things to keep in mind: the style of the time was not to create large black areas, and colors were generally washed-out-looking compared to to what we expect (not least to save on ink expenses). So the fact that the sky is bright blue rather than pale blue could be the artist's indication that the sky should be seen as really pretty dark. But I doubt that the colorists spent as much time thinking about it as as has been spent writing about it here. :-) [[User:Stan Shebs|Stan]] 08:09, 5 Mar 2004 (UTC)

*I agree that our "expectation" of a photographically realistic depiction is anachronistic. Besides which, the engraving was propaganda, not journalism! :) - [[User:Nunh-huh|Nunh-huh]] 08:32, 5 Mar 2004 (UTC)

I'm looking at a different coloring of the picture in my American Pageant book, and the sky is a darker blue and actually appears to be depicting night. Also, in this version, the dead/wounded man in the bottom left corner is colored white instead of black.

== British troops' defence ==

The British troops thought they were being pelted by rocks.

Geez, i mean why would they be afraid of that? [[User:Robinhood754|Robinhood754]] 00:42, 14 November 2007 (UTC)

== POV ==
Since I can't figure out what the problem is from reading this talk page, I'm removing the POV tag. If anyone feels like reinstating it, please explain what your specific beef with the article is. [[User:82.92.119.11|82.92.119.11]] 17:24, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)

:Where's my beef? What is meant by '[[military occupation]]'? If it is with respect to the indigenous peoples, then that needs to be clarified. If it's with respect to the nonindigenous colonials, then is it really the correct phrase? [[User:Mat cross|mat_x]] 11:03, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

:There's something ''too heroic'' with the text. My "gut feelings" says it's factually correct, and that Adams actually played exactly the role the text says, but something's missing – such as an opposing POV (which would be hard to find, politically), or details that are unexplained, things that makes one wonder. "Gut feelings" are not reason enough to POV-tag it (that would be bad discipline, IMHO), but piquant details would make no harm, I think. <span style="background-color: #FFFF80; color: #800000">''[[User:Rursus|Rursus]]''</span> 14:44, 5 March 2007 (UTC)

===NPOV tag===
I want to know why this article hasn't spoken about all the gross inaccuracies in Revere's engraving. Such facts include: The fact that Crispus Attucks, an african-american is not pictured, the fact that there are too many deaths, the fact that the British are in battle formation when they were actually unformed when they were attacked and that the scene is pictured in broad daylight when the event occured at night (the only sign of this is the crescent moon in the top left)

*Apparently you didn't read this part of the article:
:" The event was illustrated by an engraver named Paul Revere who lived nearby. Revere incorrectly depicted the event as occurring in close quarters, with no snow on the ground, with Crispus Attucks as being white, and with the British commander behind his lined-up troops. With irony, the sign over the Customs House was made to read "Butcher's Hall."

Christian Remick, who colored the engraving, incorrectly depicted the event as happening during the day by adding a bright blue sky (although a quarter moon was present)." [[User:Rmhermen|Rmhermen]] 15:23, August 23, 2005 (UTC)Also people died for no reason. I'm wondering, why in the darn world would the British soldiers be afraid of being pelted by rocks, by far, they must have been through much more than a few pebbles slung at them, anyway!

:You have clearly never been hit in the head by a stone. I can fully understand why they would have fired. Also, please sign your posts with four tildes <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> so that we know who you are. [[User:RudyB|Rudy Breteler]] ([[User talk:RudyB|talk]]) 21:11, 13 March 2008 (UTC)

== why people died for no reason ==

the first thing i don't like is the fact that people were killed for no reason what so ever. also i would like to say that it just pisses me off so much i want to go back in time and kill those people that killed the settlers <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:65.214.201.3|65.214.201.3]] ([[User talk:65.214.201.3|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/65.214.201.3|contribs]]) </small><!-- Template:Unsigned -->

Wow... you're kind of ignorant, huh? Ever heard of native americans? Or don't they count as important cos of their lack of essential "whiteness"? [[User:WookMuff|WookMuff]] 00:41, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

Ok, what the first guy said sounded a little naive and out of context, I agree with that. But what does what he said have to do with Native Americans or "whiteness" at all? Why does everything have to be about race? For all you know, the first guy could be just as mad about the slaughtering of Indians as he is about the slaughtering of the Bostonians. He may even be a Native American himself. Besides, one of the people kill in the Massacre was black, so how does his anger towards the event have anything to do with "whiteness?" 5 March 2006

:::please sign your posts with four tildes <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> so that we know who you are. [[User:RudyB|Rudy Breteler]] ([[User talk:RudyB|talk]]) 21:12, 13 March 2008 (UTC)

I read, a while ago, that the British soldiers were nervous and scared. Could this be the reason that they fired into the crowd? <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/76.217.91.94|76.217.91.94]] ([[User talk:76.217.91.94|talk]]) 19:40, 12 April 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

I would like to improve on the intellectual substance of the last four entries by commenting that all grean peaple are perple meatbawls with rabit eers. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/41.241.23.13|41.241.23.13]] ([[User talk:41.241.23.13|talk]]) 17:52, 6 July 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

== Some argue... ==

*''Recently there has been a debate over the naming of the events in boston as a "massacre". Dictionary.com defines the word "massacre" as:''
**''"The act or an instance of killing a large number of humans indiscriminately and cruelly."''
*''Some argue that the perception of the deaths of 5 colonials as qualifying as a "massacre" is proof of America's skewed and "self-centered" interpretation of history.'' et cetera
Could we please get the names of these "some" who make this argument? Where has this debate occurred? -[[User:Will Beback|Will Beback]] 12:21, 25 January 2006 (UTC)

:It depends when the term was first used. it's possible that it may have been used as part of the propaganda surrounding the event. - --[[User:80.41.25.151|80.41.25.151]] 17:30, 29 November 2006 (UTC)


Wasn't the world "massacre" used to inflate the incident so that Americans would take more action? If it was the "Boston Accident" it wouldn't form near as hostile emotions towards the offenders. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/98.195.99.223|98.195.99.223]] ([[User talk:98.195.99.223|talk]]) 19:28, 3 August 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

== Riot on King's Street ==

I believe loyalists and anglophiles referred to this event as the "Riot on King's Street." I actually think a riot is a closer description to the event than Adams and Revere's depiction of it as a massacre. Since history is written by the victors and the colonists won the larger revolutionary struggle, this event has been named a massacre. Students of history should be able look beyond the name of the event and understand how the revolutionaries manipulated this event to drum up support for their cause. It does not excuse the actions of the soldiers, but they were not the sole instigators of the event. -[[User:Jmpcronin|Matt C.]] 26 January 2006
:Actually this was called a "massacre" before there were any victors; in fact, before there was any war. It is an example of propaganda, not of victors writing history. I don't know the British name for the event though. [[User:Rmhermen|Rmhermen]] 03:08, 27 January 2006 (UTC)
::"Riot on King's Street" doesn't return any google hits, "riot on King Street" only one using it as an alternate name. [[User:Rmhermen|Rmhermen]] 03:13, 27 January 2006 (UTC)

:::I agree that the event was referred to as a "massacre" before the conclusion of the American Revolution. I apologize because I think I represented a "Riot on King's Street" as an official name. What I meant was that Loyalists and British authorities would have seen the colonists gathered that evening as a mob. John Adams, in his defense of the soldiers even describes the colonists as a mob. I do not find it unusual that there are few references to a "riot" on King Street on the good old interweb. Since it is in the interest of the revolution and later the United States to classify this event as a massacre (e.g. It portrays their actions in a more noble light), there would be little motivation for them to portray them as rioters. Had Britain been able to maintain control over the colonies (which I don't think they would have been able to do), I think it would be doubtful that they would have named this event a "massacre." I think it is an example of the propaganda being incorporated into (American) history. I believe the word "massacre" inaccurately describes the event and misleads people who may only view this event superficially. -[[User:Jmpcronin|Matt C.]] 28 January 2006

:::: You would be amazed how little even comparitively well informed Britons know about the Boston Massacre, or for that matter the War of Independance. The War of 1812 , a foundation of American folklore, is a footnote in British history (in the case of the 1812 war, rightly, it was in the overall scheme of things, irrelevant, although I wouldn't suggest that about the Revolution). However, taking a British angle does throw some light on the use of "massacre". The [[Peterloo Massacre]] was roughly contemporary, had only a few more deaths, and the victors (if you can call them such) wrote the history, but it was still known as a massacre. Mind you, Tianmen Square was undeniably a massacre, and see how quickly we seem to have forgotten that.

::::My view, which maybe has a place here, but I wouldn't infringe on the main article, is that early US history was driven by propoganda which became folklore which has become sacred. This is not unique to America, but it isn't always good history either. [[User:Epeeist smudge|Epeeist smudge]] 19:06, 3 April 2006 (UTC)
: Speaking as a British person, I'd not heard of this incident before reading the wikipedia article. I don't think British people generally are aware of the event and so I'd say it would be called whatever the international academically accepted term is. As noted by others, rightly or wrongly it is probably seen as a minor incident from the British perspective. Certainly The American War of Independence as a whole wasn't taught to me at school and I don't think that's likely to have changed much. I pity the poor history teachers trying to work out what to cover in limited time! On the other hand the Peterloo Massacre does get covered: this is seen as more central to the democratic development of our country, and with due respect, my impression of the scale of the Peterloo event was that it was larger, and being local, more immediate for people in Britain. As User:Epeeist smudge notes, people seem to remember events in their own countries than others more readily.--[[User:Mgaved|mgaved]] 13:37, 5 March 2007 (UTC)

== World Series ==

I don't feel that the reference to the 2004 World Series is appropriate here, so I am going to take the liberty to remove it. Anyone else have strong feelings about this?--[[User:Pepper2000|Pepper2000]] 00:19, 5 March 2006 (UTC)
:That reference was only included because of [[Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/The_Boston_Massacre|this discussion]]. It probaby isn't necessary. [[User:No Guru|No Guru]] 00:27, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

== John Adams ==

Is it worth noting that John Adams later became President of the US?--[[User:Lepeu1999|Lepeu1999]] 15:58, 15 March 2006 (UTC)

==Edward Garrick or Gerrish==
I returned this to the Garrick spelling which is far more common on Google. I suspect that this originated in a misreading of a handwritten name but can't say for certain which is correct. [[User:Rmhermen|Rmhermen]] 03:29, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

::The current version of the "Event" section uses both spellings in a way that seems confusing if one does not realize "Garrick" and "Gerrish" are alternative spellings of the same name. [[Special:Contributions/206.53.197.12|206.53.197.12]] ([[User talk:206.53.197.12|talk]]) 01:20, 5 March 2008 (UTC)

== What's the student thing about? ==

I don't know why we have to have a separate section about a High School student's research an important page like the "Boston Massacre" page. [[User:Jay Kay|Jay Kay]] 21:10, 13 May 2006 (UTC)

== Christopher Seider and other details ==

I went on one of the Freedom Trail tours yesterday, and I learned something I didn't know before: The first person killed in the revolution wasn't one of the Boston Massacre victims. Instead, it was a boy named [http://boston1775.blogspot.com/2006/05/christopher-seider-shooting-victim.html Christopher Seider]. Seider was killed at a riot around the house of Ebeneezer Richardson (a customs official and a loyalist). After a rock thrown through his window hit Richardson's wife on the head, he fired into the crowd. Seider's death became a major piece of propaganda for the revolutionaries (playing a major role in the lead-up to the massacre). His funeral was the largest in MA up to that point (as usual, organized by Samuel Adams and paid for by John Hancock). This ties into some things already mentioned in the article: Seider's name is the last name mentioned on the [[:Image:Boston_massacre_grave_20040930_105414_1.627x1068.jpg|headstone]] for the massacre victims (although they misspell it "Snider"), and one of the embellishments on Revere's engraving ("another musket shooting out of the window of the customs office") is meant to allude to that incident.

Other points from the guide's telling of the massacre:
* Hugh White was the soldier originally on guard duty. A small crowd was hassling him and pelting him with snowballs. When a teenager named Edward Garrick insults his commanding officer, White responded by smacking him down with the butt of his musket, then smashing him again in the back of the head. The kid manages to get up and tears down the street screaming bloody murder, with predictable results.
* An angry mob arrives, and White calls for reinforcements. He can't be heard over the crowd.
* Preston, the commander, noticed the situation and grabbed six of his men. With bayonets affixed, they made their way through the crowd to aid White.
* Once they got there, they tried to work their way back to the barracks (where they could barricade themselves in). However, at this point, they were blocked in by the crowd.
* Preston stands in front of his men so he can be heard over the crowd. He orders his men to load their muskets. The soldiers made a big show of doing so in the hopes of intimidating the crowd. Some loaded their guns multiple times (overloading a musket could cause it to explode when fired).
* Someone in the crowd asks Preston whether he intends to order his men to fire. Preston responds, "No! I'm standing in front of them; I'd be the first one to be killed!"
* At this point, Kilroy is hit by a stick thrown by someone in the crowd. Unfortunately, the thrower is someone who got in a fight with Kilroy a week earlier, beating him badly. Kilroy shouts, "Damn you, making me fire!" and fires.
* Preston leaps behind his men to get out of the line of fire as the other soldiers shoot. He then draws his sword and starts hitting muskets upwards while ordering his men to stop.
I need to find some good sources to verify the details of that story... --[[User:L33tminion|L33tminion]] <small>|</small> [[User talk:L33tminion|(talk)]] 18:07, 3 July 2006 (UTC)

: Very interesting indeed. Even if you can't verify the historical details, or if some of this turns out to be embellishment, it might be possible to add some of this into the article anyway, if clearly separated from the main account; retellings and later inventions are a critical part of the cultural significance of an event like this.
: Incidentally... while you're looking for sources, it would be nice if you can find some sources for the ''rest'' of the article, too. :) &mdash; [[User:Haeleth|Haeleth]] <small>[[User_talk:Haeleth|Talk]]</small> 19:17, 4 July 2006 (UTC)

== Political repression? ==

Someone just added the category "Political repression in the United States". Is this really relevant? I see nothing in the story that's particularly about politics ''or'' repression; it's not like the soldiers were breaking up a pro-independence rally or anything; the riot that led to the massacre was started by a dispute over an unpaid bill, not a dispute over politics or patriotism or freedom of assembly or any of the other things generally associated with "political repression".

It seems to me that it's been added merely because it's a historical event that was used in pro-independence propoganda before the revolution. But to indiscriminately describe everything that led to the revolution as "political repression" is blatant anti-British POV.

I shan't remove the category without checking: am I missing something? &mdash; [[User:Haeleth|Haeleth]] <small>[[User_talk:Haeleth|Talk]]</small> 22:21, 12 July 2006 (UTC)

: Since nobody has explained what this event has to do with political repression, I am removing the category. I remain open to persuasion if anybody wants to explain where political repression comes into the story. &mdash; [[User:Haeleth|Haeleth]] <small>[[User_talk:Haeleth|Talk]]</small> 17:10, 21 August 2006 (UTC)

== Massacre? ==

This article calls a provoked shooting into a threatening crowd by foreign soldiers which kills five people a massacre. Is this wikipedia policy for all such shooting or should we do this only if the rock throwing crowd are Americans?

[[User:Herne nz|Herne nz]] 05:44, 16 July 2006 (UTC)
:The term "massacre" is similar to terrorist. It is as much a political and propagandic definition as an reality. This is the most common designation of this incident so this is the name of this article. Other incidents will be named differently. [[User:Rmhermen|Rmhermen]] 06:31, 16 July 2006 (UTC

::Nononono! 1. The term "massacre" is '''NOT''' similar to terrorist, 2. A massacre need not be intentional, all the less an evil konspirassy, to be called a massacre. It's just a term and if it gets negative connotations – that honors you in my eyes, but nonetheless it's a factual description of many X:es killing many Y:s. <span style="background-color: #FFFF80; color: #800000">''[[User:Rursus|Rursus]]''</span> 14:58, 5 March 2007 (UTC)

If the term is being used in its 'political and propagandic definition' rather than on reality, should this be noted in the article? The term 'massacre' is accepted without question.

[[User:Herne nz|Herne nz]] 06:46, 16 July 2006 (UTC)

: It seems to me that the article is reasonably explicit already: "The Boston Massacre is ''the name commonly given to'' the killing of five civilians" (first sentence), "Samuel Adams and his Whig colleagues dubbed the killings "the Boston Massacre" and used it ''for propaganda purposes''" (opening of "historical significance" section). However, that's just my opinion: if you feel the wording could be improved, please do [[WP:BOLD|be bold]] and try to improve it!
: Note that a "massacre" does not have to refer to a large number of people in any case. See [[Massacre of Braybrook Street]], for example, where only three people were killed, and where (since the killers and victims were the same nationality) it is clear that the name was not chosen for political propoganda purposes, but merely in its descriptive sense of the murder of more than one unarmed person. &mdash; [[User:Haeleth|Haeleth]] <small>[[User_talk:Haeleth|Talk]]</small> 10:03, 16 July 2006 (UTC)

I started looking at this page in connection with another incident, to try to establish what is considered a massacre in American history.

From what I can see:

:The deaths of five people by soldiers shooting into a crowd is enough to constitute a massacre

:Provocation and intimidation by the crowd, including throwing of stones and pieces of wood or the presence of men armed with large sticks does not give the soldiers the right to defend themselves with gunfire.

:Even when all the accused soldiers are acquitted on murder charges, by a judical system and jury drawn from the local community, it can still be considered a massacre.

:Indeed as long as it is 'commonly called' a massacre it is a massacre. (Do the British commonly call it a masssacre - or is it enough for one side to "commonly call" it a massacre?)

:A massacre it has been called for over 200 years. It has caused such anger it caused an uprising against foreign troops so I have no problems calling it the Boston Massacre.

:I think it sets a very useful reference point for other incidents.

[[User:Herne nz|Herne nz]] 07:34, 17 July 2006 (UTC)

: I think your conclusions are correct: particularly that the main reason the term "massacre" is used is simply the force of habit.
: As far as what the British "commonly" call it goes, basically we don't. American history is taught very little in British schools; what little we do learn mostly covers issues like colonisation and slavery, rather than specific events. The American Revolution is taught only in the most general outline, so I think it likely that the majority of Britons have literally never heard of this incident, and those who have will probably have learnt about it from American sources, and will hence use the American name.
: You will probably run into problems if you attempt to use it as a precedent for other incidents, however. It must be borne in mind that the term "massacre" ''was'' originally chosen for propoganda purposes; while the word does not require a large number to have died, it is generally only used by people who consider the killings to have been wrong. In this case, for example, even though the soldiers were not convicted of murder, I don't think you will find many people who think that the victims deserved to die.
: To take some more recent examples:
:* You would probably get away with referring to the [[Haditha killings]] as a massacre, because even those who support the US military have generally accepted that those Marines did something unacceptable.
:* It would be controversial to refer to any of the instances in which Israeli troops have shot dead stone-throwing Palestinians as massacres, because supporters of the Israeli military believe that those killings are justifiable as self-defence.
:* It is unlikely that anyone would call the killing of [[Jean Charles de Menezes]] a massacre, even though he was an unarmed civilian, because the common view is that the police who shot him genuinely believed him to be about to carry out a suicide bombing attack -- even though they were wrong.
: Whether there's any real logic to all this is unclear. There probably ''are'' double standards at work. The key thing to remember is that Wikipedia should always describe what people believe, rather than trying to correct it. &mdash; [[User:Haeleth|Haeleth]] <small>[[User_talk:Haeleth|Talk]]</small> 18:43, 17 July 2006 (UTC)

What? Thats exactly what Wikipedia is AGAINST, it should never be about belief and only refer to FACTS, otherwise you will see every shooting by an american soldier described as a 'massacre'. Also, double standards need to be urgently dealt with or the piece will invoke ridicule. I think its in editors interest to refrain from black propoganda terms like 'massacre' and perhaps put the word massacre from the header in quotes so as to signify its emotive origin for one party but not factually? ie: Boston 'Massacre' [[User:Twobells|Twobells]] ([[User talk:Twobells|talk]]) 20:18, 26 April 2008 (UTC)

I now gather the originally the word 'massacre' was in quotes but has been removed, to avoid accusations of double standards [[Haditha Killings]] ( 'killings', yes I couldn't believe it either)I suggest that the quotes are replaced around the word to identify that the usage was to dessiminate indoctrination, also see [[meme]]
Or perhaps the slaughter of non-american little children in modern life is considered 'killing' and not a 'massacre'? (especially when the culprits end up charged with [[Negligent homicide]] ) [[User:Twobells|Twobells]] ([[User talk:Twobells|talk]]) 21:00, 26 April 2008 (UTC)

:As per Herne nz and Haeleth above, the incident has long been referred to as a massacre, without need to qualify the meaning or impose quotations which suggest an ironic usage. Comparisons to other murders or military slaughters for the purpose of establishing whether this deserves to be called a massacre are beside the point. A google search reveals no instances of quotation marks around the word, nor does Britannica question the usage. Unless scholarly precedent can be cited, the addition of quotation marks is at issue with [[WP:OR]] and [[WP:NPOV]]. [[User:JNW|JNW]] ([[User talk:JNW|talk]]) 22:53, 26 April 2008 (UTC)
::Additionally, if there is a consensus among editors that quotation marks be added to any part of the title, would these marks not also be included at each and every subsequent use of the title, except when quoted directly from other sources, within the article? [[User:JNW|JNW]] ([[User talk:JNW|talk]]) 22:58, 26 April 2008 (UTC)

== Use of term in baseball referring to Yankees vs. Red Sox ==
I removed an insertion in the first paragraph about the Yankees vs. Red Sox rivalry. If someone wishes to write an article on this use of the term (which refers to a 4-game series sweep of the Red Sox by the Yankees in September 1978, and a 5-game series sweep of the Red Sox by the Yankees in August 2006, both series having been played in Boston), they should write a separate article, and make a disambiguation page for Boston Massacre. [[User:MayerG|MayerG]] 20:59, 21 August 2006 (UTC)
*There is already some sourced content on the "Massacres" in the article [[Yankees-Red Sox Rivalry]], and any further material is probably best placed there. [[User:MayerG|MayerG]] 21:13, 21 August 2006 (UTC)
**I removed it once myself. This is certainly not material that belongs in the lead section of this article. [[User:Rmhermen|Rmhermen]] 21:18, 21 August 2006 (UTC)

== References and Citations ==
I created a references section to the page and started creating a few web references. I hope this will get the ball rolling. --[[User:Jmpcronin|Jmpcronin]] 14:51, 21 October 2006 (UTC)

== Discrepency ==
There is some discrepency about when fourth and fifth victims died, at first it says that the fourth victim died "a few hours later" then 2 lines down it mentions the name, "Samuel Maverick" saying that he died the next day. Also the fifth, Patrick Carr, is said to have died "several days later" and then "two weeks later". Due to the wording of these statements, both could be true in both situations considering the fact that the event took place sometime at night and the lack of definition of "a few". But what is seen as correct? --[[User:Cheesdude|Cheesdude]] 02:04, 23 December 2006 (UTC)

== GA nomination on hold ==

Having reviewed this article, I cannot support it as a good article candidate, but since good progress has been made, I am mentioning the criticisms here so that the article may be improved to GA status. Specifically, I have a minor concern and a large concern. The minor concern is sourcing. While there are some inline citations and a "bibliography," I think a wider survey of sources would be important. This is a widely-discussed historical event, but only 3 published sources (plus 3 website articles) are used as references.

The major concern is that while the event itself and its direct consequences (what happened to the victims and perpetrators) are well-covered, the only coverage of the event's historical context is a sentence in the lead that the event "helped spark the American Revolution." Surely, this is an important aspect of the subject that is left out of the article. (Good articles are required to have broad coverage.) This omission is probably why another editor had assessed the article as only B-class, which I agree with. Anyway, whoever nominated the article hadn't left a note here, so the editors of this page may not even be aware that a nomination was made. But if this is to be a good article, these two points should be addressed. [[User:Mangojuice|Mango]][[Special:Contributions/Mangojuice|<font color="orange">'''juice'''</font>]]<sup>[[User talk:Mangojuice|talk]]</sup> 21:23, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

:A well written artricle, but I would like to see more sources/refrences. [[User:Chaldean|Chaldean]] 17:56, 3 February 2007 (UTC)

::Ok, since no one seems to be working on the concerns at the moment, I've failed the article as a GA candidate. If someone does address them, feel free to nominate again. [[User:Mangojuice|Mango]][[Special:Contributions/Mangojuice|<font color="orange">'''juice'''</font>]]<sup>[[User talk:Mangojuice|talk]]</sup> 03:31, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

==Crispus Chicken?==

I noticed that Crispus Attuck's name below one of the pictures was written as Crispus Chicken. Is this intended?

==Pelham painting==
The "Depictions" section discusses a painting by Henry Pelham, but there's no wikilink to Henry Pelham (there is an article, but it's about someone else with the same name), and the painting isn't shown. Is this it? http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part2/2h3147b.html --[[User:76.81.164.27|76.81.164.27]] 04:05, 5 March 2007 (UTC)

== Recent Vandalism and Impact ==

I added the section on the Impact of the Boston Massacre. It was deleted during the recent wave of vandalism. This paragraph isn't perfect, so I would like help beefing it up a little. This Impact section, which places the event in larger context, is one of the required elements in achieving Good Article status. --[[User:Jmpcronin|Jmpcronin]] 15:39, 9 March 2007 (UTC)

== Eight Soldiers ==

According to Capt. Preston's account, he dispatched twelve men and a non-comissioned officer. This, in addition to the one sentry, puts the total at 14 or 15 (there was mention of a British Sergeant who chased off the boys who were harassing the sentry). These numbers are reinforced by the number of wounds sustained by the various members of the mob. In fact, the number of killed and the number of wounded adds up to eleven. This is simply impossible with eight men loading a single ball (which, presumably, they did, as there is no evidence to the contrary). Why, then, were so few taken to trial? There were obviously more involved in the event than were tried. Any notion as to the logic behind this? <small>—The preceding [[Wikipedia:Sign your posts on talk pages|unsigned]] comment was added by [[Special:Contributions/69.224.235.34|69.224.235.34]] ([[User talk:69.224.235.34|talk]]) 18:48, 25 April 2007 (UTC).</small><!-- HagermanBot Auto-Unsigned -->

== Trial Date ==

For the Trial portion, wouldn't it be good to have the date of the trial? Is it even known? Thanks.
-Anonymous <small>—The preceding [[Wikipedia:Sign your posts on talk pages|unsigned]] comment was added by [[Special:Contributions/24.128.145.93|24.128.145.93]] ([[User talk:24.128.145.93|talk]]) 14:10, 10 May 2007 (UTC).</small><!-- HagermanBot Auto-Unsigned -->
:yes, i think that should be included. however, i don't know the date myself...if anyone knows, please add it.-[[User:MLYF360|MLYF360]] 22:52, 28 May 2007 (UTC)

== A Better Paul Revere engraving Pic ==
I found the following picture of the Paul Revere engraving: http://chnm.gmu.edu/exploring/images/massacre2a.jpg
It's much more clear and brighter whereas the current one is very dim in comparison. I'm not yet familar with the image use policy, so I'm not sure if it can be used or not. This picture is A LOT better though --[[User:CommonSense101|CommonSense101]] 01:55, 15 June 2007 (UTC)
:I went ahead and put in the new picture of the engraving which is brighter and more clear. Let me know if you object, but I feel that it is an improvement --[[User:CommonSense101|CommonSense101]] 18:29, 15 June 2007 (UTC)

::Much better. Thanks for doing that. [[Special:Contributions/Will_Beback| ·:· ]][[User:Will Beback|Will Beback]] [[User talk:Will Beback|·:·]] 21:31, 15 June 2007 (UTC)

== Dog ==
Why is there a calm dog in the middle of the crossfire? (look at the picture)
== Event ==
This section has been distorted and dumbed down per the book by Zobel.[[User:Halpaugh|Halpaugh]] 01:12, 4 October 2007 (UTC)

== More Changes ==

"Preston arrived with four other soldiers: Hugh Montgomery, Thomas Weems, John Carroll, and Mathew Kilroy." Has been moved to just after the first sentence of the second paragraph in the "Event" subsection. It has also been edited to read "Among these soldiers were Hugh Montgomery, Hugh White, Corporal William Weems, John Carrol, James Hartigan, William McCauley, William Warren and Matthew Kilroy." These have been edited to repair the grammatical errors in their names, present a more complete list of the known soldiers involved, and to give the article more flow. It has also been cited.

In the following paragraph, "DO NOT FIRE!" has been changed to "Do not fire!" to eliminate the overly dramatic effect of having been written with all capital letters.

"Almost everyone fired into the crowd except one of the soldiers," has been changed to "All but one of the soldiers fired into the crowd." This statement was not specific enough to the soldiers.

"...three died instantly, one a few hours later, and a fifth several days later," has been removed, and this paragraph has been merged with the last paragraph in the section.

"The soldiers were later tried in Admiralty Courts and two were found guilty of manslaughter. The punishment for this was a short jail stay and the letter "M" branded on their hands just above the thumb. This would alert anyone whom they shook hands with while not wearing gloves that they were guilty of manslaughter," has been removed entirely because it is overly dramatic and is addressed in the "Trial" section later on.

The pamphlet quote has been moved to the depictions section because it is more appropriate to place it there. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Kill Cavalry|Kill Cavalry]] ([[User talk:Kill Cavalry|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kill Cavalry|contribs]]) 14:50, 4 October 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

For some reason, people keep changing the mention of Preston dispatching twelve soldiers and an NCO to six soldiers and an NCO. That is not what his account says! Read the source material before posting, please! <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Kill Cavalry|Kill Cavalry]] ([[User talk:Kill Cavalry|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kill Cavalry|contribs]]) 05:00, 8 October 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
The book by Zobel says that six grenadiers (which he lists by name) and one NCO (Wemms) were sent to relieve White. Preston and his subordinate followed alongside.
[[User:Halpaugh|Halpaugh]] 17:44, 8 October 2007 (UTC)

The primary source document of Preston's report refutes this and does not list grenadiers. The myth of the soldiers being grenadiers came from a civilian deposition, only one of the dozens. The accounts are all varied and list many, many different and often conflicting details. While the soldiers may very well have been grenadiers, they could just as easily have been light infantry, or line infantry. We cannot make assumptions about a topic with which there are so few solid details. Zobel is a historian. A generally good historian, but a historian nonetheless, and it would be more prudent to rely on primary source documents than the word of a modern interpretation of those documents. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/69.224.235.34|69.224.235.34]] ([[User talk:69.224.235.34|talk]]) 19:23, 8 October 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

== Introduction ==

The introduction to this article (which I can't seem to edit for some reason) incorrectly reads that "4 civilians were killed at the scene, and one died after the incident..." In fact, two were killed after the incident. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Kill Cavalry|Kill Cavalry]] ([[User talk:Kill Cavalry|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kill Cavalry|contribs]]) 19:28, 8 October 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

==Wemms versus Weems===

The book by Zobel consistently spells the corporals name as Wemms. Where does the name Weems come from?[[User:Halpaugh|Halpaugh]] 11:31, 10 October 2007 (UTC)

==The soldiers==

There were six soldiers and three officiers sent to relieve White.
The additional names were the 'civilians' in the custom house, who did not play any role in the massacre.[[User:Halpaugh|Halpaugh]] 20:32, 10 October 2007 (UTC)
The name Wemms appears on the original trial transcipt
http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/bostonmassacre/soldiers1.html
Given the fastidious nature of the legal profession, especially with names in legal documents Wemms must be the correct spelling.

Is the image cited above in the public domain? It would be an appropriate addition to this article.[[User:Halpaugh|Halpaugh]] 20:36, 10 October 2007 (UTC)


Six soldiers and three officers does not add up. It takes very simple math to realize this. There were eleven casualties. This is decidedly impossible with a mere six soldiers. Even if two of those officers were carrying muskets (which is unlikely in this Pre-War period), that's still but eight. Again, relying on modern interpretations is a folly.
Granted, the names given on the indictment may have wrongly named civilians rather than actual soldiers, but that still does not excuse the bare-bones fact that there were more than seven soldiers. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Kill Cavalry|Kill Cavalry]] ([[User talk:Kill Cavalry|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kill Cavalry|contribs]]) 03:11, 12 October 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

Six soldiers plus Wemms plus White at his post makes eight muskets.[[User:Halpaugh|Halpaugh]] 07:49, 12 October 2007 (UTC)

from the note on page 347 of [[Zobel]] book:
"the evidence is overwhelming that the group which formed in front of the Custom House contained not twelve soldiers, but eight. That the two officers most closely involved should both mistake the size ... seems incredible. But no other available explanation suffices" Perhaps this belongs in the Controversies section [[User:Halpaugh|Halpaugh]] 07:49, 12 October 2007 (UTC)

Any idea how long it takes an experienced soldier to reload a musket? <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/192.80.95.243|192.80.95.243]] ([[User talk:192.80.95.243|talk]]) 11:24, 12 October 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

Four rounds per minute see [[musket]]. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/192.80.95.243|192.80.95.243]] ([[User talk:192.80.95.243|talk]]) 11:27, 12 October 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

Again, I encourage you to read the source material rather than Zobel. No witness, either civilian or military, states that there was more than a single volley fired. I highly disagree with Zobel's statement. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Kill Cavalry|Kill Cavalry]] ([[User talk:Kill Cavalry|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kill Cavalry|contribs]]) 18:32, 12 October 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
None of the original sources say that the shots were in unison. Most say that there were several separate sets of shots.[[User:Halpaugh|Halpaugh]] 20:40, 16 October 2007 (UTC)
Granted. The volley was not ordered, which accounts for the nearly random discharges. But reloading and firing takes at the very least 15 seconds. Nobody, either civilian or military, states seeing anybody reload their muskets until after the firing had stopped. It seems unlikely that Preston would have simply sat by while his men reloaded, when he was obviously so opposed to them firing in the first place. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Kill Cavalry|Kill Cavalry]] ([[User talk:Kill Cavalry|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kill Cavalry|contribs]]) 21:07, 18 October 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->


See reference 8
"Benjamin Frizell... declares that the first discharge was only of one gun, the next of two guns ...the third discharge was of three guns ... and immediately after were discharged five guns, two of which were by soldiers on his right hand; the other three, as appeared to the deponent, were discharged from the balcony, or the chamber window of the Custom-house..."

Where can we access these original source documents?[[User:Halpaugh|Halpaugh]] 18:22, 15 October 2007 (UTC)
You can find the original documents at several places across the internet:
http://www.bostonmassacre.net/trial/index.htm
http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/bostonmassacre/bostonmassacre.html


A possible explanation is that there were shots fired from within the customs house. Many witnesses do state seeing but seven or eight soldiers, but this does not account for the wounds. Many witnesses also said that there were shots fired from within the house, though this is a matter of debate. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Kill Cavalry|Kill Cavalry]] ([[User talk:Kill Cavalry|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kill Cavalry|contribs]]) 18:35, 12 October 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

:As for 11 wounds there is the possiblity that 1 musket ball hit more than one person so even with 8 men it would be very possible to inflict multiple wounds at close range. I shoot my replica brown bess musket with ball regularly and at close range it is 1 oz of lead comeing out of .75 cal. barrel at a pretty good rate of speed unless it hits bone to slow it down passing trough one person and into another can not be ruled out. [[User:Marc29th|Marc29th]] ([[User talk:Marc29th|talk]]) 23:50, 4 March 2008 (UTC)

::That is a possibility, they were certainly at point blank range. But why, then, does Preston list 14 soldiers in his deposition? Most witnesses report seeing eight soldiers, so where did the other six or seven go? <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/209.129.16.5|209.129.16.5]] ([[User talk:209.129.16.5|talk]]) 17:28, 6 March 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

==British spelling==
This article refers to a British topic, a rebellion in the British colonial city of Boston. Therefore, it is best to have this article in British English spelling. So, all American English spelling should be transferred to British English spelling.[[User:Daanschr|Daanschr]] ([[User talk:Daanschr|talk]]) 14:14, 19 November 2007 (UTC)

I disagree. The topic is of local interest in America and is American history as much as it is British history. American and British citizens were involved on American soil under British sovereignty.
At that, the conversion to British English would accomplish little. The written languages are easily understood by both the British and Americans. It is an unnecessary edit.

Daanschr, that is the most idiotic argument for the use of British spellings on a page that I've ever heard. This even is quite minor in British history -- it isn't even mentioned on the British history pages -- however it is considered to be one of the most important events in American history, more important than the Civil War or World War Two, even. [[User:akulkis|akulkis]] 22:45, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

== Indefinite pronoun problem ==

This sentance in the first paragraph of the "Event" section REALLY needs a lot of work.

"He exchanged insults with Private Hugh White, who left his post and challenged the boy, then struck him on the side of the head with his musket."

1. The pronoun "He" is undefined, and not easily deciphered from the preceding text. "He" needs to be replaced with a reference to a specific person -- I don't know enough about the subject to make definitive edit...someone who is more knowledgeable needs to do this.

2. The subject of the sentence appears to be one person in the first half of the sentence, and another in the final half. So, the latter half of the sentence needs some work -- splitting it off to a separate sentence if need be.

CLARITY people!

[[User:akulkis|akulkis]] 22:42, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

==Quotations around title==
Is there any reason why the title is in quotations (in the introduction). I mean, I understand it's supposed to tell you right off the bat it wasn't a real massacre, but I looked quickly at a bunch of the other massacre articles and it seemed even disputed ones don't have the word massacre in quotes. I'd change it, but I'm afraid it'd get angrily and swiftly reverted as pro-US progaganda blah blah. Thanks! [[User:General Epitaph|General Epitaph]] ([[User talk:General Epitaph|talk]]) 04:01, 5 March 2008 (UTC)

== Who shot first? ==
The article states that Private Hugh Montgomery shot first. In truth, no one will ever know who shot first, as every textbook states. THIS NEEDS TO BE CORRECTED, so perhaps the thought-Nazis can unlock.

:Uncertain, maybe, but Montgomery's testimony to his lawyers, published in 1949, as cited in the article and here [http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/bostonmassacre/keyfigures.html], implicated himself as firing the initial shots. The article is mercifully semi-protected because of chronic vandalism. [[User:JNW|JNW]] ([[User talk:JNW|talk]]) 05:57, 5 March 2008 (UTC)

== 'Heavy' British soldier presence ==

Shouldn't the reason for the heavy british military presence be stated? Ie: protecting the Indian Territories [re Treaties] and stopping land-grabbers from stealing North American Indian land and formenting yet another Indian War? [[User:Twobells|Twobells]] ([[User talk:Twobells|talk]]) 20:32, 26 April 2008 (UTC)
:[[WP:BOLD|Go for it]]. [[Special:Contributions/Will_Beback| ·:· ]][[User:Will Beback|Will Beback]] [[User talk:Will Beback|·:·]] 22:06, 26 April 2008 (UTC)

That would be relevant if we were talking about British military presence in the colonies as a whole, but not so much for Boston. The soldiers were stationed in Boston specifically to pacify the Patriots. Nobody even pretended that soldiers in Boston were to protect the American people from Native Americans or vice versa. If they were there for the Native American, they would have been on the frontier, not a major city on the waterfront. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Kill Cavalry|Kill Cavalry]] ([[User talk:Kill Cavalry|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kill Cavalry|contribs]]) 15:24, 29 April 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

== Vandalism and Text going off the page ==

I happened to be on this article to help me study for my AP U.S. history final and stumbled upon a little vandalism in it. That's been removed, but I have no idea why one of those paragraphs is stretching the page and going underneath the picture. I figured I should point that out to the people who know how to fix such things, though I'm not sure if it's supposed to be there in the first place, as it was right below some of the stupid phrases shoved in there and in a box resembling /code in BBCode... <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Sinujutsu|Sinujutsu]] ([[User talk:Sinujutsu|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sinujutsu|contribs]]) 23:28, 8 May 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

'''EDIT:''' In recent developments, I've noted the text in the dashed box is visible on the page but not in it's editing page. It's at the end of the Events section, rather hard to miss. [[User:Sinujutsu|Sinujutsu]] ([[User talk:Sinujutsu|talk]]) 23:44, 8 May 2008 (UTC)
'''EDIT:''' Ah, someone got it methinks, though maybe as I was editing. [[User:Sinujutsu|Sinujutsu]] ([[User talk:Sinujutsu|talk]]) 23:46, 8 May 2008 (UTC)

Revision as of 17:47, 25 September 2008

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