Turochamp
Turochamp (aka Turbochamp[1][2]) was a chess simulation originally developed by Alan Turing and David Champernowne in 1948.[3][4]
Turochamp was the earliest known written computer game, but it was never actually implemented on a computer at the time since the code would have been too complicated to run on the computers that were then available. Turing tested the code in a game in 1952 where he mimicked the operation of the code in a real chess game against an opponent, but was never able to run the program on a computer.[5] Later Turing produced a second version of Turochamp.[4]
In 2012, during the Alan Turing Year celebrating the centenary of his birth, the Russian chess champion Garry Kasparov played against a software version of Turochamp[6] and delivered a keynote address during the Alan Turing Centenary Conference in Manchester, England.[4]
See also
References
- ^ Stezano, Martin (29 August 2017). "In 1950, Alan Turing Created a Chess Computer Program That Prefigured A.I." history.com. History. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
- ^ Clark, Liat; Steadman, Ian (7 June 2017). "Remembering Alan Turing: from codebreaking to AI, Turing made the world what it is today". Wired. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
- ^ Copeland, Jack, Chapter 36, Chess (1953), Alan Turing. In Copeland, B. Jack, ed. (2004). The Essential Turing. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-825079-7.
- ^ a b c Copeland, Jack; Prinz, Dani, Chapter 31, Computer chess—the first moments. In Copeland, B. Jack; Bowen, Jonathan P.; Wilson, Robin; Sprevak, Mark (2017). The Turing Guide. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0198747826.
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(help) - ^ Donovan, Tristan (20 April 2010). Replay: The History of Video Games. Yellow Ant. pp. 1–9. ISBN 978-0-9565072-0-4.
- ^ Neto, João (1 November 2013). "Kasparov vx Turochamp". YouTube. Retrieved 4 September 2018.