View source for Typhoon Nanmadol (2004)

{{Short description|Pacific typhoon in 2004}}
{{use mdy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{good article}}
{{Infobox weather event
| name = Typhoon Nanmadol (Yoyong)
| image = Nanmadol 2004-12-01 0200Z.jpg
| caption = Nanmadol near peak intensity on December&nbsp;1
| alt = A well organized tropical cyclone, centered at bottom right, with a well-defined eye and spiraling rainbands. A landmass is visible under heavy cloud cover at left.
| formed = November 28, 2004
| extratropical = December 4, 2004
| dissipated = December 4, 2004
}}{{Infobox weather event/JMA
| winds = 90
| pressure = 935
}}{{Infobox weather event/JTWC
| winds = 130
| pressure = 910
| basin = Wpac
}}{{Infobox weather event/Effects
| year = 2004
| fatalities = 77
| damage = 60800000
| areas = [[Philippines]], Taiwan, China
}}{{Infobox weather event/Footer
| season = [[2004 Pacific typhoon season]]
}}
'''Typhoon Nanmadol''', known in the Philippines as '''Super Typhoon Yoyong''',<ref name="GP" /> was the last of four consecutive [[tropical cyclone]]s to strike the Philippines in 2004. A quickly moving system, Nanmadol brought heavy rainfall and strong winds over the same regions impacted by the previous storms, exacerbating flood conditions in [[Luzon]] and surrounding regions. Together Nanmadol and these systems accounted for around 1,000&nbsp;deaths in the Philippines. The typhoon later became the first December tropical cyclone to strike [[Taiwan]] since record keeping began, bringing along with it heavy rain, which also affected nearby regions of [[East China|eastern China]]. As an extratropical storm, Nanmadol brought gusty winds and rain to [[Japan]].

Nanmadol developed from an isolated area of [[convection (meteorology)|convection]] south-southwest of [[Pohnpei]] that became classified as a [[tropical depression]] on November&nbsp;28. Within highly conducive conditions for [[tropical cyclogenesis|development]], the system reached [[tropical storm]] intensity the following day, followed by typhoon intensity on November&nbsp;30. Quickly pacing towards the north-northwest about the periphery of a nearby [[subtropical ridge]], Nanmadol reached its peak intensity on December&nbsp;1 with winds of {{convert|165|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} and a minimum [[barometric pressure]] of 935&nbsp;[[bar (unit)|mbar]] ([[pascal (unit)|hPa]]; 27.61&nbsp;[[inches of mercury|inHg]]).{{#tag:ref|All [[maximum sustained wind]] values are sustained for ten minutes and rounded to the nearest five unless otherwise noted, following the standard set by the [[World Meteorological Organization]].|group=nb}} Shortly after, the typhoon made landfall at a similar intensity on [[Casiguran, Aurora]], quickly moving over Luzon before reaching the [[South China Sea]], where it recurved northward into hostile atmospheric conditions. Over the next few days, Nanmadol weakened and later transitioned into an [[extratropical cyclone]] near [[Taiwan]] on December&nbsp;4, whereafter it merged with another extratropical system.

With the typhoon approaching landfall in an area still recovering from previous storms, [[relief agency|relief agencies]] already servicing the region were forced to allocate additional resources to prepare for Nanmadol. Evacuation efforts assisted in moving almost 100,000&nbsp;people into shelters. Effects from Nanmadol were most severe in [[Cagayan Valley]], where 14&nbsp;people were killed. [[Power outage]]s were widespread across several islands. Overall, damage from the typhoon in the Philippines totaled [[Philippine peso|₱]]2.23&nbsp;billion ([[United States dollar|US$]]39.3&nbsp;million).{{#tag:ref|All damage totals were originally reported in 2004&nbsp;[[United States dollar]]s unless otherwise noted.|group=nb}}{{#tag:ref|All currencies are converted to United States dollars using [http://www.oanda.com/currency/historical-rates/ Oanada] with the exchange rate on December&nbsp;2, 2004.|group=nb}} Heavy rainfall, peaking at {{convert|1090|mm|in|abbr=on}}, was documented in Taiwan. Agricultural damage in Taiwan alone reached [[New Taiwan dollar|NT$]]670&nbsp;million (US$20.8&nbsp;million). Similar effects were felt in Japan, where the remnants of Nanmadol produced record-breaking rainfall and wind. Damage was particularly significant in [[Aichi Prefecture]], totaling [[Japanese yen|JP¥]]69.8 million (US$680,000). Overall, Nanmadol resulted in 77&nbsp;fatalities and US$60.8&nbsp;million in damage across three countries.

==Meteorological history==
{{storm path|Nanmadol 2004 track.png|alt=The path of a tropical cyclone as represented by colored dots. The color of each dot denotes its intensity while its position marks the location of the cyclone at six hour intervals.}}
The progenitor to Typhoon Nanmadol was first noted by the [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]]&nbsp;<small>(JTWC)</small> as an isolated cluster of [[thunderstorm]]s roughly {{convert|290|km|mi|abbr=on}}<!--155 nautical mi--> south-southwest of [[Pohnpei]] at 2200&nbsp;[[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] on November&nbsp;27, 2004. With [[convection (meteorology)|convection]] consolidating about a potential center of circulation,<ref name="GP">{{cite web|title=Super Typhoon Nanmadol (TC-30W / TY 0427 / Yoyong)|url=http://australiasevereweather.com/cyclones/2005/summ0411.htm|work=Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary – November 2004|publisher=Australiasevereweather.com|access-date=June 2, 2014|author=Padgett, Gary|author2=Chunliang, Huang |author3=Padua, Michael }}</ref> the [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]&nbsp;<small>(JMA)</small> classified the broad system as a [[tropical depression]] the following day.<ref name="JMA Report">{{cite report|title=Annual Report on the Activities of the RSMC Tokyo – Typhoon Center, 2004|url=http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/AnnualReport/2004/Text/Text2004.pdf|publisher=Japan Meteorological Agency|access-date=June 2, 2014|location=Tokyo, Japan|page=60|format=PDF}}</ref> Rapid development of storms and organization ensued following classification, spurred by favorable conditions. Tracking northwestward due to the presence of a nearby [[subtropical ridge]] to its north,<ref name="GP" /> the depression continued to strengthen, reaching [[tropical storm]] intensity on November&nbsp;29 while {{convert|860|km|mi|abbr=on}} south-southeast of [[Guam]].<ref name="JMA Report" /><ref name="HKO Report">{{cite report|title=Tropical Cyclones In 2004|url=http://www.hko.gov.hk/publica/tc/tc2004.pdf|access-date=June 2, 2014|author=Hong Kong Observatory|location=Kowloon, Hong Kong|pages=30|format=PDF|date=June 2005}}</ref> At this point the tropical cyclone was assigned the name ''Nanmadol''.<ref name="GP" />

Conducive atmospheric conditions around Nanmadol on November&nbsp;29 led to the development of a [[central dense overcast]], followed shortly thereafter by the formation of an [[eye (cyclone)|eye]].<ref name="GP" /> Nanmadol was upgraded to severe tropical storm intensity at 0000&nbsp;UTC on November&nbsp;30 and became a typhoon twelve hours later,<ref name="JMA Report" /> tracking near [[Satawal]], [[Woleai]], and [[Yap State]] during this intensification phase.<ref name="GP" /> Following the upgrade to typhoon status, intensification briefly slowed but continued soon thereafter. At 0600&nbsp;UTC on December&nbsp;1, Nanmadol reached peak intensity with [[maximum sustained wind]]s of {{convert|165|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} and a minimum [[barometric pressure]] of 935&nbsp;[[bar (unit)|mbar]] ([[pascal (unit)|hPa]]; 27.61&nbsp;[[inches of mercury|inHg]]), still east of the [[Philippines]]. The typhoon maintained this strength for roughly twelve hours before slightly weakening as it neared [[Luzon]].<ref name="JMA Report" /> At approximately 1200&nbsp;UTC on December&nbsp;2,<ref name="GP" /> Nanmadol made [[landfall (meteorology)|landfall]] near [[Casiguran, Aurora]] with winds of {{convert|140|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}.<ref name="JTWC Report">{{cite report|title=2004 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report|url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/2004atcr.pdf|work=Joint Typhoon Warning Center Annual Tropical Cyclone Reports|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|access-date=August 31, 2013|author=Atangan, J.F.|author2=Preble, Amanda|author3=United States Naval Maritime Forecast Center|editor1=Vancas, Michael|location=Pearl Harbor, Hawaii|pages=163&ndash;4|format=PDF|year=2004|archive-date=December 6, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206154117/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/2004atcr.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Due to the rapid motion of Nanmadol, the typhoon crossed Luzon in under six hours, emerging into the [[South China Sea]] before 1800&nbsp;UTC on December&nbsp;2.<ref name="JMA Report" /> Though land interaction with the Philippines did not significantly affect the cyclone, a [[shortwave trough]] forced Nanmadol to sharply curve northward, bringing it into hostile atmospheric conditions within the [[Luzon Strait]].<ref name="JTWC Report" /> At 0000&nbsp;UTC on December&nbsp;3, the JMA downgraded Nanmadol to severe tropical storm status.<ref name="JMA Report" /> Increased [[wind shear]] and the advection of dry air further weakened the tropical cyclone, and by midday on December&nbsp;3, the storm's center of circulation became decoupled from the rest of the [[convection (meteorology)|convection]].<ref name="GP" /> At 2340&nbsp;UTC that day, Nanmadol made landfall near [[Fangliao]], [[Pingtung County|Pingtung]] in [[Taiwan]], becoming the first December tropical cyclone to strike the island in 108&nbsp;years of record-keeping.<ref name="GP" /><ref name="JMA Report" /> Roughly six hours later on December&nbsp;4, the JMA determined that Nanmadol had transitioned into an [[extratropical cyclone]].<ref name="JMA Report" /> These remnants soon merged with another [[low-pressure area]], creating a more powerful system that later tracked over [[Japan]].<ref name="GP" />

==Preparations==
[[File:Nanmadol 2004-12-02 0445Z.jpg|thumb|Typhoon Nanmadol approaching the [[Philippines]] on December&nbsp;2|alt=Satellite image of a tropical cyclone; though the storm itself is centered at right, its visage takes up most of the image, with its sprawling rainbands extending across the image.]]
Initial forecasts following the formation of Nanmadol over open waters anticipated the typhoon to track directly into Luzon.<ref name="GP" /> On December&nbsp;1, government sessions in [[Manila]] were temporarily suspended. Some [[commercial flight]]s traversing to and from Luzon were cancelled in addition to ferry service between the eastern [[Bicol Region]] and Manila, stranding hundreds of passengers.<ref name="RW Philippines Brace" /> Flight cancellations were primarily targeted at [[Powered aircraft#Propeller aircraft|propeller aircraft]] as they were more susceptible to typhoon conditions.<ref name="Pinoy Classes">{{cite news|title=Philippines calls off classes, work in gov't offices due to typhoon|agency=Xinhua|date=December 2, 2004|location=Manila, Philippines}}</ref> This impacted ongoing relief efforts, as the [[Philippine Air Force]]'s fleet of rescue planes were also grounded.<ref name="Typhoon Forces Evacuation">{{cite news|author1=Roque, Pat|title=Typhoon Forces Evacuation in Philippines|agency=Associated Press|date=December 2, 2004|location=Maragundon, Philippines}}</ref> The impending storm also delayed the reopening of [[financial market]]s in Manila until December&nbsp;3.<ref name="RW Toll 1000">{{cite news|title=Toll in Philippine floods tops 1,000; typhoon hits|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/toll-philippine-floods-tops-1000-typhoon-hits|access-date=June 3, 2014|agency=Reuters|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=December 2, 2004|location=Manila, Philippines}}</ref>

[[File:Yoyong Animation.gif|thumb|left|Animation of PSWS History throughout the passage of TY Yoyong (Nanmadol)]]
President [[Gloria Macapagal Arroyo]] ordered for precautionary measures to be undertaken by agencies under the purview of the [[National Disaster Coordinating Council]]&nbsp;<small>(NDCC)</small>.<ref name="RW PGMA NDCC">{{cite news|title=GMA orders NDCC to step up preparations for typhoon "Yoyong"
|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/gma-orders-ndcc-step-preparations-typhoon-yoyong|access-date=June 3, 2014|author=Government of the Philippines|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=December 1, 2004|location=Manila, Philippines}}</ref> In response, the [[Foreign Office (Germany)|German Foreign Office]] allocated [[euro|€]]50,000 ([[United States dollar|US$]]67,000) to assist in preparations for Nanmadol.<ref name="RW Germany">{{cite news|title=Federal Foreign Office provides 50,000 EUR for storm victims in the Philippines
|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/federal-foreign-office-provides-50000-eur-storm-victims-philippines|access-date=June 3, 2014|author=Government of the Germany|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=December 2, 2004}}</ref> The [[International Red Cross and Red Crescent|Spanish Red Cross]] were forced to maintain relief supplies in the provinces of [[Aurora (province)|Aurora]] and [[Quezon]] in addition to managing ongoing relief efforts for regions impacted by [[Tropical Depression Winnie]].<ref name="RW Bulletin3">{{cite news|title=Philippines: Typhoon and Tropical Storm Information Bulletin No. 3/2004|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/philippines-typhoon-and-tropical-storm-information-bulletin-no-32004|access-date=June 3, 2014|author=International Federation of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=December 1, 200}}</ref> Individual Red Cross chapters were tasked with closely monitoring the movement of relief stockpiles during these preparatory measures.<ref name="IFRC Appeal Dec 2">{{cite report|title=The Philippines: Typhoons|url=http://www.ifrc.org/docs/appeals/04/2604P.pdf|publisher=International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies|access-date=June 4, 2014|page=3|format=PDF}}</ref>

The NDCC also called for the evacuation of persons in potentially affected areas.<ref name="RW Philippines Brace">{{cite news|title=Philippines braces for more devastation amid new typhoon|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/philippines-braces-more-devastation-amid-new-typhoon|access-date=June 3, 2014|agency=Deutsche Presse Agentur|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=December 1, 2004|location=Manila, Philippines}}</ref> Large-scale evacuations took place in [[Real, Quezon]] ahead of the approaching typhoon.<ref name="Survivors Real">{{cite news|title=Survivors flee ground zero of deadly Philippines storm|agency=Agence France-Pesse|date=December 1, 2004}}</ref> According to the NDCC, 97,238&nbsp;persons were evacuated in the lead-up to Nanmadol's Luzon landfall, with nearly 40,000 evacuating from the Bicol Region.<ref name="After Effects Nanmadol Dec 4">{{cite web|author1=National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council|title=Update on the After-Effects of Typhoon "Yoyong"|url=http://www2.wpro.who.int/NR/rdonlyres/C7BB5DD8-4955-4AC9-A5E9-62B691AF0B42/0/ndcc4dec4pm.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090816210408/http://www.wpro.who.int/NR/rdonlyres/C7BB5DD8-4955-4AC9-A5E9-62B691AF0B42/0/ndcc4dec4pm.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 16, 2009|publisher=World Health Organization|access-date=June 4, 2014|format=PDF|date=December 4, 2004}}</ref> However, the [[Office of Civil Defense (Philippines)|Office of Civil Defense]] documented the evacuation of approximately 168,000&nbsp;civilians.<ref name="Pinoy Classes" /> Government shelters initially made to house displaced residents due to previous storms were adjusted to accommodate additional refugees evacuating due to the typhoon.<ref name="Hundreds Dead Thousands Flee">{{cite news|author1=Beyron, Hayda|title=Hundreds Dead, Thousands Flee in Typhoon-Battered Northern Philippines|agency=Voice of America|date=December 2, 2004|location=Hong Kong, China}}</ref> In [[Catanduanes]], 1,500&nbsp;persons evacuated to these shelters.<ref name="900 Feared Dead">{{cite news|title=900 feared dead in Philippines storm|agency=People's Press Printing Society|date=December 3, 2004|page=3|newspaper=Morning Star}}</ref> Other evacuees sought refuge in well-constructed buildings, as was the case in [[Mercedes, Eastern Samar]], where 2,000&nbsp;civilians stayed inside a school.<ref name="Pinoy Classes" />

In Taiwan, the [[Central Weather Bureau]] issued a land warning for the island in advance of the typhoon. Potential impacts, which would likely be enhanced by the [[East Asian Monsoon]], prompted Taiwanese president [[Chen Shui-bian]] to postpone political marches and campaign rallies intended for the [[2004 Republic of China presidential election|upcoming presidential elections]].<ref name="Nanmandol Tipped">{{cite news|title=Typhoon Nanmadol tipped to hit Taiwan, forces delay in campaigning|agency=Deutsche Presse-Agentur|date=December 3, 2004|location=Taipei, Taiwan|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/typhoon-nanmadol-tipped-hit-taiwan-forces-delay-campaigning}}</ref> In anticipation for the typhoon, schools and businesses in southern and eastern Taiwan were closed, along with the delaying of rail and air traffic. [[Kaohsiung International Airport]] was closed during the morning of December&nbsp;4.<ref name="Nanmadol Leaves Taiwan">{{cite news|title=Typhoon Nanmadol leaves 1 dead, 3 missing in Taiwan|agency=Deutsche Presse-Agentur|date=December 4, 2004|location=Taipei, Taiwan}}</ref>

==Impact and aftermath==
===Philippines===
<!--Exchange rate for PHP to USD is 0.0178-->
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 0.5em 1em; float:right;"
|+Effects in the Philippines by region
|- style="text-align:center;"
! '''Region''' !! Fatalities !! Injuries !! Damage<br />(USD)
|-
| [[Ilocos Region|Ilocos]] || 0 || 3 || {{ntsp|2700000||$}}
|-
| [[Cagayan Valley]] || 14 || 35 || {{ntsp|25000000||$}}
|-
| [[Central Luzon]] || 9 || 24 || {{ntsp|8600000||$}}
|-
| [[Calabarzon]] <small>and</small><br />[[Mimaropa]]|| {{N/A}} || {{N/A}}  || {{ntsp|710000||$}}
|-
| [[Bicol Region|Bicol]] || 12 || 5 || {{ntsp|490000||$}}
|-
| [[Eastern Visayas]] || 0 || 5 || {{N/A}}
|-
| [[Metro Manila]] || 1 || 0 ||  {{N/A}}
|-
| [[Cordillera Administrative Region|Cordillera]] || 6 || 5 || {{ntsp|1800000||$}}
|-
|- class="sortbottom"
! Totals: || {{nts|70}}<ref name="GP" /> || {{nts|77}} || {{ntsp|39300000||$}}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan = 4 | <small>Because of differing sources, totals may not match.</small><ref name="After Effects Nanmadol Dec 7" />
|-
|}
[[File:Floods in the Philippines 4 Dec 2004.jpg|thumb|Satellite image showing flooding in the Philippines after Nanmadol on December&nbsp;4]]
Damage assessments of Nanmadol's impacts in the Philippines found difficulty in distinguishing the storm's impacts from those of [[Typhoon Muifa (2004)|Typhoon Muifa]], Tropical Storm Merbok, and Tropical Depression Winnie due to their rapid succession of effects. The NDCC, however, noted 70&nbsp;fatalities as a result of Nanmadol alone, coupled with 157&nbsp;injuries.<ref name="GP" /> The majority of deaths were associated with electrocutions or drownings.<ref name="Nanmadol at least 9">{{cite news|title=Typhoon Nanmadol kills at least nine in Philippines|agency=Deutsche Presse-Agentur|date=December 3, 2004|location=Manila, Philippines}}</ref> Approximately 160,000&nbsp;people were displaced as well.<ref name="Nanmandol Tipped" /> Overall, the typhoon destroyed 10,457&nbsp;households and damaged another 57,435.<ref name="GP" />  Damage was estimated at [[Philippine peso|₱]]2.23&nbsp;billion (US$39.3&nbsp;million).<ref name="After Effects Nanmadol Dec 7" /> Precipitation peaked at {{convert|228|mm|in|abbr=on}} in [[Daet, Camarines Norte]], observed over a 24-hour period.<ref name="GP" />

Even prior to the Philippine landfall of Nanmadol, ongoing relief operations were hampered by the storm's overreaching effects. [[Search and rescue]] helicopters failed to reach planned destinations, which was also due in part to the country's small helicopter fleet. A navy gunboat refitted as a relief ship headed for Real, Quezon was forced to turn back due to high waves onset by the approaching typhoon which swept potentially hazardous logs into sea.<ref name="Pinoy Classes" /><ref name="RW Maroon">{{cite news|title=Philippine flood-hit towns marooned; typhoon nears|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/philippine-flood-hit-towns-marooned-typhoon-nears|access-date=June 4, 2014|agency=Reuters|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=December 1, 2004|location=Mauban, Philippines|author=de Castor, Erik}}</ref>

The first Philippine provinces to be impacted by the typhoon were [[Albay]] and Catanduanes, which suffered [[power outage]]s after strong winds tore down power lines.<ref name="RW Nanmadol Hits Aftermath">{{cite news|title=Typhoon Nanmadol hits eastern Philippines in aftermath of deadly storm|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/typhoon-nanmadol-hits-eastern-philippines-aftermath-deadly-storm|access-date=June 4, 2014|agency=Agence France-Pesse|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=December 2, 2004}}</ref><ref name="RW Philippines Brace II">{{cite news|title=Philippines braces for more devastation from new typhoon
|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/philippines-braces-more-devastation-new-typhoon|access-date=June 4, 2014|agency=Deutsche Presse Agentur|publisher=ReliefWeb|date=December 2, 2004|location=Manila, Philippines}}</ref> One person was killed in [[Virac, Catanduanes]] after being electrocuted by a felled power line.<ref name="Nanmadol Eastern PH">{{cite news|title=Typhoon Nanmadol hits the eastern Philippines|agency=Agence France-Pesse|date=December 2, 2004|location=Real, Philippines}}</ref> In order to prevent more widespread outages, electrical service in some locations was deliberately shut down. Landslides triggered by Nanmadol in [[Aurora (province)|Aurora]] killed 25&nbsp;people.<ref name="Roundup 35">{{cite news|title=Roundup: Typhoon Nanmadol kills at least 35 in Philippines|agency=Deutsche Presse-Agentur|date=December 3, 2004|location=Manila, Philippines}}</ref> On the [[Bicol Peninsula]], eight fatalities occurred due to drowning, electrocution, or [[hypothermia]].<ref name="Trail of Destruction">{{cite news|title=Typhoon leaves trail of destruction as Philippines buries its dead|agency=Agence France-Pesse|date=December 3, 2004|location=Real, Philippines}}</ref>

In the aftermath of the typhoon, the [[Philippine Red Cross]] made a full emergency appeal for funding to assist in recovery from Nanmadol and preceding storms.<ref name="Red Cross Appeal">{{cite news|title=Red Cross launches appeal for Philippine flood victims|agency=Agence France-Pesse|date=December 3, 2004|location=Geneva, Switzerland}}</ref> The Philippines government declared a [[state of emergency|state of calamity]] for fifteen provinces, cities, and municipalities. Medical personnel were deployed to mitigate potential outbreaks of disease and transport injured persons to hospitals. The NDCC distributed 14,065&nbsp;sacks of rice worth roughly ₱11&nbsp;million (US$200,000).<ref name="After Effects Nanmadol Dec 7">{{cite web|author1=National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council|title=Update on the After-Effects of Typhoon "Yoyong"|url=http://www2.wpro.who.int/NR/rdonlyres/76DE84CC-D3FD-47FF-938F-219A994B26B8/0/7dec04.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090816211110/http://www.wpro.who.int/NR/rdonlyres/76DE84CC-D3FD-47FF-938F-219A994B26B8/0/7dec04.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 16, 2009|publisher=World Health Organization|access-date=June 5, 2014|format=PDF|date=December 7, 2004}}</ref>

===Elsewhere===

[[File:颱風南瑪都解除海上陸上颱風警報.jpg|thumb|250px|On 4 December 2004, the Nanmadol turned into an extratropical cyclone, and the [[Central Weather Bureau]], Taiwan lifted the typhoon warning]]

Shortly before transitioning into an extratropical cyclone, Nanmadol made landfall in [[Fangliao, Pingtung|Fangliao, Taiwan]] as a tropical storm. This made Nanmadol the first recorded tropical cyclone to strike Taiwan in the month of December since records began in 1896. Heavy precipitation associated with the typhoon was reported, peaking at {{convert|1090|mm|in|abbr=on}} in Pulowan. The highest documented 24-hour rainfall total was at a station in [[Hualien County]], which recorded {{convert|907|mm|in|abbr=on}} in that timeframe.<ref name="GP" /> Power outages disrupted electrical supply to 26,588&nbsp;households, and agricultural losses in Taiwan as a result of Nanmadol equated to [[New Taiwan dollar|NT$]]670&nbsp;million (US$20.8&nbsp;million). Two people were killed on the island. The typhoon's swath of rainfall also extended to [[East China]], which was also climatologically abnormal. Rainfall in [[Fuzhou]] peaked at {{convert|52.3|mm|in|abbr=on}}, almost double the average for the month of December. In [[Zhejiang]], rainfall peaked at {{convert|106|mm|abbr=on}}.<ref name="GP" />

The extratropical remnants of Nanmadol brought record breaking rainfall and winds to [[Japan]]. A station in [[Shishikui, Tokushima]] received {{convert|269|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rain, the highest amount documented in the country. Several other stations recorded rainfall totals in excess of {{convert|200|mm|abbr=on}}. Maximum sustained winds clocked at {{convert|88|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} in [[Chiba, Chiba]] and Ojima, Tokyo, were the strongest ever recorded in December for those locations. The same station in Chiba clocked a wind gust at {{convert|176|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}, another record for the month of December and the highest reported wind gust in Japan from Nanmadol's remnants. A {{convert|145|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} wind gust was recorded in [[Tokyo]]; this gust broke the record for the strongest gust recorded in the city since record-keeping began.<ref name="GP" /> Offshore [[Kagoshima Prefecture]], a ferry capsized in rough waters, killing five.<ref name="DT-827-37">{{cite web|title=Weather Disaster Report (2004-827-37)|url=http://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/cgi-bin/dt/report.pl?id=2004-827-37&lang=en|work=Digital Typhoon|publisher=National Institute of Informatics|access-date=June 6, 2014|author=Kitamoto Asanobu|location=Tokyo, Japan|language=Japanese}}</ref> The captain of the ferry was later charged with [[Professional abuse|professional negligence]].<ref name="JP Boat">{{cite news|title=Japanese boat captain arrested after five go overboard in typhoon|agency=Agence France-Pesse|date=December 6, 2004|location=Tokyo, Japan}}</ref> In [[Aomori Prefecture]], widespread power outages resulted from the strong winds.<ref name="DT-575-13">{{cite web|title=Weather Disaster Report (2004-575-13)|url=http://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/cgi-bin/dt/report.pl?id=2004-575-13&lang=en|work=Digital Typhoon|publisher=National Institute of Informatics|access-date=June 6, 2014|author=Kitamoto Asanobu|location=Tokyo, Japan|language=Japanese}}</ref> Heavy rains in [[Aichi Prefecture]] flooded several roads and damaged fisheries and agricultural land. One person was injured there, and damage totaled [[Japanese yen|JP¥]]69.8&nbsp;million (US$680,000).<ref name="DT-636-18">{{cite web|title=Weather Disaster Report (2004-636-18)|url=http://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/cgi-bin/dt/report.pl?id=2004-636-18&lang=en|work=Digital Typhoon|publisher=National Institute of Informatics|access-date=June 6, 2014|author=Kitamoto Asanobu|location=Tokyo, Japan|language=Japanese}}</ref>
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==Aftermath==
[[File:Floods in the Philippines 4 Dec 2004.jpg|thumb|[[False color]] image showing the extent of floodwaters particularly in Luzon|alt=Image of a group islands with signs of widespread flooding. The image was enhanced to bring out areas of flooding&nbsp;– clouds appear in shades of gray or cyan, and landmasses have a highly saturated green color. Submerged areas are in shades of blue.]]
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==See also==
{{portal|Tropical cyclones}}
*[[List of storms named Nanmadol|Other tropical cyclones named Nanmadol]]
*[[Typhoon Zeb]] (1998) – Caused severe damage in both the Philippines and Taiwan before tracking through Japan
*[[Tropical Depression Winnie]] (2004) – made landfall over Philippines, nearly 1,600 dead peoples just before Nanmadol struck
*[[Typhoon Cimaron (2006)]] – One of the most intense typhoons to make landfall on Luzon
*[[Typhoon Chebi (2006)]] – Rapidly intensified just prior to its eventual Philippine landfall

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=nb}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[http://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/digital-typhoon/summary/wnp/s/200427.html.en JMA General Information] of Typhoon Nanmadol (0427) from Digital Typhoon
*[http://www.data.jma.go.jp/fcd/yoho/data/typhoon/T0427.pdf JMA Best Track Data] of Typhoon Nanmadol (0427) {{in lang|ja}}
*[http://www.data.jma.go.jp/fcd/yoho/data/typhoon/T0427.png JMA Best Track Data (Graphics)] of Typhoon Nanmadol (0427)
*[http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/besttrack.html JMA Best Track Data (Text)]
*[http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/best_tracks/2004/2004s-bwp/bwp302004.txt JTWC Best Track Data] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235644/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/best_tracks/2004/2004s-bwp/bwp302004.txt |date=March 3, 2016 }} of Typhoon 30W (Nanmadol)
*[http://www.nrlmry.navy.mil/tcdat/tc04/WPAC/30W.NANMADOL/ 30W.NANMADOL] from the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

{{2004 Pacific typhoon season buttons}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nanmadol (2004)}}
[[Category:2004 Pacific typhoon season]]
[[Category:Typhoons in the Philippines]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in 2004|Nanmadol]]