View source for USS Abbot (DD-629)

{{Short description|Fletcher-class destroyer}}
{{other ships|USS Abbot}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
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|Ship image=Abbot-ii.jpg
|Ship image_size=300px
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{{Infobox ship career
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|Ship country=United States
|Ship flag={{USN flag|1965}}
|Ship name=''Abbott''
|Ship namesake=[[Joel Abbot (naval officer)|Joel Abbot]]
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=[[Bath Iron Works]]
|Ship laid down=21 September 1942
|Ship launched=17 February 1943
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=23 April 1943
|Ship decommissioned=26 March 1965
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship struck=1 December 1974
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship honours=
|Ship fate=Sold 31 July 1975 for scrapping
|Ship notes=
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{{Infobox ship characteristics
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|Ship class={{sclass|Fletcher|destroyer}}
|Ship displacement=2,050 tons
|Ship length={{convert|376|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|39|ft|m|0|abbr=on}} 
|Ship draught=
|Ship draft={{convert|17|ft|9|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship propulsion=*{{convert|60000|shp|abbr=on}};
*geared turbines;
*2 propellers
|Ship speed={{convert|38|kn}}
|Ship range=*{{convert|6500|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|15|kn|abbr=on}}
|Ship complement=329
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|Ship armament={{Fletcher class destroyer armament}}
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'''USS ''Abbot'' (DD-629)''' was a {{sclass|Fletcher|destroyer}} in the service of the [[United States Navy]]. She was the second Navy ship named after [[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]] [[Joel Abbot (naval officer)|Joel Abbot]] (1793–1855).

''Abbot'' was [[Keel laying|laid down]] on 21 September 1942 at [[Bath, Maine]] by the [[Bath Iron Works]], [[ship naming and launching|launched]] on 17 February 1943, sponsored by Mrs. Grace Abbot Fletcher, the granddaughter of Commodore Abbot, and [[ship commissioning|commissioned]] at the [[Boston Navy Yard]] on 23 April 1943.

==Service history==

===World War II===
The destroyer completed outfitting at Boston by 13 May when she reported to the Commander, Destroyers, [[U.S. Atlantic Fleet|Atlantic Fleet]], for shakedown training. She conducted her initial training out of [[Casco Bay, Maine]], until 18 June and, during the next three months, served as an escort for larger warships conducting their own shakedown cruises. On 10 September, ''Abbot'' departed the [[New England]] coast bound for the western Pacific. She transited the [[Panama Canal]] on 16 September and, after a brief stop at [[Naval Station San Diego|San Diego, California]], resumed her voyage west on 28 September. The warship arrived in the [[Hawaiian Islands]] early in October and began additional training. However, a collision with [[aircraft carrier]]  {{USS|Cowpens|CVL-25|2}} on 18 October forced her into the [[Pearl Harbor Navy Yard]] for a repair period lasting almost three months. ''Abbot'' finally returned to sea on 10 December and briefly resumed training.

====1944====
In mid-December, the destroyer stood out of Pearl Harbor, bound for the [[Ellice Islands]], and arrived at [[Funafuti]] on the day after Christmas. Training and upkeep occupied her time through the early days of January 1944. Later that month, ''Abbot'' became a unit of Task Group 50.15 (TG&nbsp;50.15), the so-called Neutralization Group attached to [[Task Force 58]] (TF&nbsp;58) for the occupation of the [[Marshall Islands]]. The assignment of that task group – carried out between 29 January and 17 February was to cut off bypassed [[Wotje]] and [[Taroa]] and to prevent enemy troops and war-planes there from supporting the [[Imperial Japanese Army|Japanese]] garrisons at [[Majuro]], [[Kwajalein]], and [[Eniwetok]]. ''Abbot'' joined {{USS|Chester|CA-27|2}}, {{USS|Salt Lake City|CA-25|2}}, {{USS|Pensacola|CA-24|2}}, and five other destroyers in frequent shore bombardments of the two atolls to keep troops occupied and planes grounded. She continued to perform that duty until 12 February at which time she began patrolling between Majuro and Kwajalein.

By the middle of March, the destroyer had been reassigned to the [[South West Pacific Area (command)|southwestern Pacific]] where she carried out [[convoy]] escort duty between the southern [[Solomon Islands|Solomons]] and the [[New Guinea]] ports of [[Milne Bay]] and [[Cape Sudest]]. In mid-April, she became an element of the screen of TG&nbsp;78.2, an [[escort carrier]] group built around {{USS|Coral Sea|CVE-57|2}}, {{USS|Corregidor|CVE-58|2}}, {{USS|Manila Bay|CVE-61|2}}, and {{USS|Natoma Bay|CVE-62|2}}. The destroyer helped to protect the escort carriers from possible Japanese air and [[submarine]] attacks, while they launched their planes to provide close support for troops landing at Aitape and Hollandia on the northern coast of New Guinea. TG&nbsp;78.2 ended that mission on 5 May, but ''Abbot'' remained with the escort carrier group until 7 May, when she and several other ships shaped a course for the [[New Hebrides Islands]]. She reached [[Espiritu Santo]] on 12 May.

For the next four weeks, ''Abbot'' received routine maintenance and conducted training evolutions out of Espiritu Santo. Early in June, the destroyer headed back toward the [[Central Pacific Area|Central Pacific]] in company with escort carriers and other destroyers. They stopped at Kwajalein in the Marshalls to make final preparations for the assault on [[Saipan]]. On 12 June, she stood out of Kwajalein lagoon in company with TG&nbsp;53.7, the [[Carrier Support Group]] built around {{USS|Sangamon|CVE-26|2}}, {{USS|Suwanee|CVE-27|2}}, and {{USS|Chenango|CVE-28|2}}. The task group arrived in the [[Mariana Islands]] on 16 June. While the air groups of the three carriers provided close air support for the assault troops – first, [[Battle of Saipan|at Saipan]] and, later [[Battle of Guam (1944)|at Guam]] — ''Abbot'' and her sister ships in the screen again protected the carriers from enemy air and submarine forces. She and her charges remained with the invasion force throughout the decisive [[Battle of the Philippine Sea]] in which TF&nbsp;58 shattered the remnants of Japanese naval air power. About a week later, on 26 June, she and {{USS|Hale|DD-642|2}} joined forces to splash a [[Mitsubishi G4M]] "Betty". Through the month of July, ''Abbot'' continued to shepherd the carriers while their aviators struck targets on Saipan and [[Guam]] in support of the American invasion troops.

Early in August, ''Abbot'' returned to Pearl Harbor for repairs, relaxation, and training. On the 28th, she began preparing for another amphibious operation. She concluded that training during the second week in September and departed Hawaii on the 15th headed for the western Pacific. Steaming via Eniwetok, she arrived at [[Manus Island]] in the [[Admiralty Islands]] on 3 October. She resumed training at Manus until 14 October when she got underway with the transport screen bound for the invasion of the Philippines [[Battle of Leyte|at Leyte]]. She arrived off the beaches of that island on 20 October and began providing antiaircraft and antisubmarine protection for the transport area. Though the group to which she was attached came under sporadic air attack that day, only one intruder approached near enough to ''Abbot'' for her to open up with her antiaircraft battery. However, that twin-engine bomber night. ''Abbot'' assisted the troops ashore with night illumination and harassing fire on enemy lines near [[Dulag, Leyte|Dulag]].

On the morning of 21 October, ''Abbot'' retired from [[Leyte Island|Leyte]] to escort a group of transports to [[Jayapura|Hollandia]]. She arrived at that New Guinea port on 26 October and remained there until 2 November when she returned to sea with a group of transports bound for [[Morotai]] in the northern [[Molucca Islands]] of the [[Netherlands East Indies]] (now part of [[Indonesia]]). She arrived at Morotai three days later and remained there for five days. During her stay at Morotai, the enemy staged frequent night air raids on the Morotai airfield but left the ships in the anchorage unmolested. However, this pattern changed after she departed the island with a Leyte-bound task group. As the group approached the Philippines, Japanese land-based air began intermittent day and night attacks. On 13 November, a [[Nakajima B6N]] "Jill" launched a [[torpedo]] in the midst of ''Abbot'''s formation but failed to score a hit. {{USS|Catskill|LSV-1|2}} repaid this impertinence by splashing the enemy plane some {{convert|1000|yd|m}} ahead of ''Abbot''. After several days at anchor off Dulag – during which time she claimed to have damaged a [[Yokosuka D4Y]] "Judy" with her 5-inch battery — ''Abbot'' got underway for Hollandia on 24 November. She arrived at that New Guinea port on 29 November and remained there almost one month. On 23 December, the destroyer weighed anchor for the Philippines in company with a small cargoman and remained at Leyte through the end of the year and into 1945.

====1945====
Provisioning and upkeep complete, ''Abbot'' put to sea on 2 January 1945 with TG&nbsp;77.4, the Escort Carrier Group for the [[Battle of Luzon|invasion of Luzon]] at [[Lingayen Gulf]]. Within that task organization, she was assigned to the screen of [[Rear admiral (United States)|Rear Admiral]] [[Felix Stump]]'s San Fabian Carrier Group. During the voyage from Leyte to Lingayen, the formation came under increasingly intense air attacks by the ''[[kamikaze]]'' corps. On 4 January, one aircraft succeeded in crashing into {{USS|Ommaney Bay|CVE-79|2}} and damaged that escort carrier so badly that she was abandoned and sunk by a torpedo from {{USS|Burns|DD-588|2}}. On 6 January, the Support Carrier Group divided into its constituent units, the Lingayen and San Fabian groups. ''Abbot'' continued to provide antisubmarine and anti-air protection to the San Fabian group while aircraft from its carriers carried out prelanding bombing and strafing missions and, after the ninth, supported the invasion troops in their struggle to wrest the island from the Japanese. That duty – as well as support for the secondary landings at [[San Felipe, Zambales|San Felipe]] and [[Nsugbu]] — lasted until 31 January. At that time, ''Abbot'' departed Lingayen Gulf in company with the carriers and headed for [[Mindoro]].

After a week of duty at [[Mangarin Bay]], Mindoro, ''Abbot'' set a course for [[U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay|Subic Bay]] in the screen of the carriers. From that base, she joined the carriers in supporting the assaults on the islands in Manila Bay — [[Corregidor]], [[El Fraile Island|El Fraile]], [[Carabao Island, Cavite|Carabao]], and [[Caballo Island|Caballo]]. ''Abbot'' herself destroyed a number of [[Naval mine|mines]] around Corregidor and captured three Japanese who attempted the swim from Corregidor to [[Bataan]]. After the 15 February paratroop landing on Corregidor, the destroyer provided call fire and night illumination fire.

On 17 February, she returned to Subic Bay for a week of replenishment and upkeep before sailing for Palawan on the 24th. In company with [[cruiser]]s {{USS|Denver|CL-58|2}}, {{USS|Cleveland|CL-55|2}}, {{USS|Montpelier|CL-57|2}}, and three other destroyers, ''Abbot'' steamed up to support elements of the Army's [[41st Infantry Division (United States)|41st Infantry Division]]'s assault on [[Puerto Princesa]] — the main port on [[Palawan]]. No gunfire from the warships was necessary, however, and they headed back to Subic Bay later that day. ''Abbot'' remained at Subic Bay in an upkeep status until 4 March when she joined another cruiser-destroyer force for the assault on [[Zamboanga City|Zamboanga]], [[Mindanao]]. There, she acted as fire-support ship for the [[minesweeper (ship)|minesweepers]] as well as for the troops ashore. On 11 March, she patrolled near [[Basilan Island]] — located to the south of [[Zamboanga Peninsula]] — and destroyed enemy barges with gunfire. The following day, ''Abbot''{{'}}s unit completed its mission at Mindanao, headed back to Luzon, and arrived back at Subic Bay on 17 March.

After a week of upkeep and logistics there, the warship resumed missions in support of the occupation of the remaining Japanese-held [[Philippine Islands]]. On 24 March, she stood out of Subic Bay with a cruiser-destroyer force on its way to help liberate [[Cebu]] in the [[Visayas]] subgroup. Two days later, she opened fire in the prelanding bombardment at beaches some four miles (6&nbsp;km) west of [[Cebu City]]. The troops went ashore around 08:30 and the warships then shifted to call fire and harassing fire. From there, she proceeded to [[San Pedro Bay (Philippines)|San Pedro Bay]], Leyte, escorting a mixed group of [[Landing Craft Mechanized|LCMs]] and [[Landing Craft Infantry|LCIs]]. After her arrival at San Pedro Bay, she remained there for the rest of March undergoing a tender availability. Through most of April, the destroyer was attached to the Commander, Philippine Sea Frontier, for whom she conducted a series of missions carrying mail and passengers.

On 24 April, she was returned to the operational control of the Commander, 7th Amphibious Force. She moved to Cebu harbor where she served standby duty as fire—support ship for the [[Americal Division]]. That assignment proved relatively uneventful until the first week in May. On 3 May, she took under fire a group of houses on [[Nailon Point]] near Tobagan village, Cebu, rumored to harbor a concentration of Japanese troops. From there. ''Abbot'' moved along the coast toward Cebu harbor, firing at targets of opportunity as she went. She repeated the mission three days later and then departed Cebu on 8 May. Staged through Mindoro, the destroyer participated in the landings at [[Macajalar Bay]] on the island of [[Mindanao]]. She participated in the preparatory shore bombardment early on the 10th though it later proved to have been unnecessary when the assault troops encountered absolutely no Japanese. The ship remained in the neighborhood until the 14th to be on hand should her guns be needed. On that day, she shaped a course back to San Pedro Bay and spent the next three weeks engaged in patrols and escort missions in the southern Philippines. She concluded her Philippine service with a 10-day tender availability at Leyte.

On 12 June, the warship reported for duty with the [[U.S. 3rd Fleet|3rd Fleet]] and was assigned to duty with the fast carriers in the screen of TG&nbsp;38.3. Her task group departed Leyte Gulf on 1 July bound for an operating area just to the east of the Japanese home islands, and ''Abbot'' steamed out with them. While the carriers' aircraft attacked the enemy's homeland, the destroyer joined the other escorts in protecting their mobile bases from air and submarine attack. However, on two occasions, ''Abbot'' also got in her own licks. Just after noon on 14 July, TG&nbsp;34.8.1, a special force – composed of [[battleship]]s {{USS|South Dakota|BB-57|2}}, {{USS|Indiana|BB-58|2}}, {{USS|Massachusetts|BB-59|2}}, cruisers {{USS|Quincy|CA-71|2}}, {{USS|Chicago|CA-136|2}}, ''Abbot'', and eight other destroyers – was detached from the TF&nbsp;38 screen and closed the shores of northern [[Honshū]] near the city of [[Kamaishi, Iwate|Kamaishi]]. During six bombardment passes, the force fired over 2,300 shells of various calibers into the [[Japan Iron Works]] plant located there. A second and similar mission brought TG&nbsp;34.8.1 back to the shores of Honshū at [[Hamamatsu]] on 29 July. Otherwise, ''Abbot'' served in the screen of TF&nbsp;38.

On 8 August, the destroyer was shifted to TG&nbsp;35.4 consisting of a cruiser division and a squadron of destroyers. Their assignment was to investigate surface targets reported some 63&nbsp;miles (101&nbsp;km) from the main formation. While she was forming up at {{convert|32|kn}}, her starboard propeller and a portion of her tail shaft broke off just forward of the after strut bearing. The damages forced her to rejoin the main force though she remained seaworthy, capable of {{convert|23|kn}}, and able to maintain station in formation. The following day, when {{USS|Borie|DD-704|2}} suffered a ''kamikaze'' hit, ''Abbot'' rendered assistance and escorted her to a rendezvous with [[hospital ship]] {{USS|Rescue|AH-18|2}} to evacuate casualties and thence to Saipan for repairs. The ships arrived at Saipan on 17 August, two days after the cessation of hostilities. There, ''Abbot'' herself entered drydock where her damage was found to be sufficiently serious to warrant her retiring, via Hawaii, to the [[Puget Sound Navy Yard]]. She arrived in [[Bremerton, Washington]], early in September. After repairs, she reported to the Commander, San Diego Group, [[Pacific Reserve Fleet]], for inactivation. ''Abbot'' was placed out of commission on 21 May 1946 and was berthed at San Diego.

===1950–1959===
''Abbot'' spent almost five years in the Reserve Fleet, before the outbreak of hostilities in [[Korea]] in the summer of 1950 brought a need for more active ships in the Fleet. Though recommissioned on 26 February 1951, the destroyer spent the next three months at the [[Mare Island Naval Shipyard]] undergoing alterations and modernization. On 1 June, she put to sea, bound for her first operational assignment since returning to active service. Instead of Korea, however, the east coast of the United States proved to be her destination. Later that month, she transited the [[Panama Canal]] and arrived in her new [[home port]], [[Naval Station Newport|Newport, Rhode Island]] For the remainder of 1951, the destroyer underwent repairs at the [[Philadelphia Naval Shipyard]] followed by refresher training out of [[Guantanamo Bay Naval Base|Guantánamo Bay]], Cuba. She spent the first three months of 1952 preparing for her first deployment to the [[Mediterranean Sea]] with the [[United States Sixth Fleet|6th Fleet]]. That assignment began in April and ended with her return to Newport in October. ''Abbot'' spent the next 19 months operating out of Newport engaged in training evolutions — [[antisubmarine warfare]] (ASW) exercises, independent ship's exercises, and refresher training.

On 1 June 1954, the destroyer departed Newport in company with Destroyer Division 242 (DesDiv&nbsp;242) on what proved to be a seven-month circumnavigation of the globe. Steaming via the Panama Canal, San Diego, [[Oahu]], and [[Midway Atoll|Midway]], she joined the [[U.S. 7th Fleet|7th Fleet]] at [[U.S. Fleet Activities Yokosuka|Yokosuka, Japan]], and operated in the [[South China Sea]] and in the [[Taiwan Strait]] until October. On 18 October, she headed back to the United States, via the Indian Ocean, the [[Suez Canal]], the Mediterranean Sea, and the Atlantic Ocean, making numerous port calls along the way. The destroyer arrived back at Newport on 18 December 1954 and remained in the Newport area through January 1955. In February and March of that year, the warship participated in the annual "Springboard" exercise conducted near Guantánamo Bay, Cuba. She returned to Newport in March and began normal operations – independent ship's exercises and hunter/killer antisubmarine warfare exercises – out of her home port. Save for a three-week midshipman cruise to [[St. John's, Newfoundland]], in August, she busied herself with normal operations for the remainder of the year.

Early in 1956, ''Abbot'' entered the Boston Naval Shipyard for a 19-week repair period. Leaving the yard on 19 May, the destroyer conducted refresher training in Cuban waters through most of June. In July, she was reassigned to Destroyer Squadron 10 (DesRon&nbsp;10) along with her entire division, DesDiv&nbsp;242, which became DesDiv&nbsp;102. The warship spent the period from September to November either alongside a tender or in the [[Boston Naval Shipyard]] undergoing preparations for a deployment to the [[Mediterranean]]. That assignment began in November 1956 and lasted until February 1957. The destroyer returned to Newport on 22 February and, after an availability period, resumed normal exercises and type training. That summer, she made a two-month midshipman cruise that took her to [[Rio de Janeiro]] and to the [[West Indies]]. In the fall, ''Abbot'' participated in [[Operation Strikeback]], a [[NATO]] exercise conducted in the northeastern Atlantic. During that mission, she made port visits to [[Belfast]] in Northern Ireland and to [[Chatham, Medway|Chatham]], England. Upon her return to the New England coast late in October, the ship resumed type training and exercises out of Newport and continued such duty for the rest of 1957.

On 15 January 1958, ''Abbot'' entered the Boston Naval Shipyard for her regular overhaul. After three months of repairs and modifications, she spent another month conducting refresher training out of Guantánamo Bay, Cuba. She then returned to Newport, where she spent June and the first week of July. On 11 July, she stood out of Newport bound for [[Annapolis, Maryland]], where she embarked [[United States Naval Academy|Naval Academy]] midshipmen for their summer cruise. Not long thereafter, President [[Camille Chamoun]] of [[Lebanon]] — whose country had been gripped by [[Lebanon crisis of 1958|steadily intensifying civil strife]] — requested United States help in restoring order. Forces already in the Mediterranean were dispatched to his aid. ''Abbot'' and the rest of DesRon&nbsp;10 escorted amphibious forces to [[Vieques Island]] and, after a stop at [[San Juan, Puerto Rico]], headed across the Atlantic to bolster those units. She made brief stops at [[Gibraltar]] and [[Naples]] before joining TF&nbsp;66 – the 6th Fleet fast carrier force – off the Levantine coast. Two weeks later, she anchored at [[Beirut]], the Lebanese capital, to serve as gunfire support ship for the [[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] and [[United States Army|Army]] troops operating ashore. By the end of summer, the crisis had subsided, and ''Abbot'' took up routine 6th Fleet duty until returning to Newport on Veterans Day 1958.

===1959–1965===
Her return to Newport brought a resumption of hunter/killer exercises in New England coastal waters. On 1 May 1959, the destroyer was transferred from DesRon&nbsp;10 to Escort Squadron 14 (CortRon&nbsp;14) as the [[Squadron (naval)|squadron]] [[flagship]]. Her mission, however, remained antisubmarine warfare though in a more defensive rather than offensive mode. Later that month, she began an overhaul at the Boston Naval Shipyard. She completed repairs at the end of the summer and spent the month of September engaged in refresher training near Guantánamo Bay and at [[Culebra Island]], Puerto Rico. In October, she returned north to Newport and resumed her antisubmarine warfare exercises.

That employment occupied her for the remainder of 1959 and throughout 1960. On 5 May 1961, ''Abbot'' briefly entered the race for space. Supporting the sub-orbital flight of ''Freedom 7'', ''Abbot'' was detailed to help recover the Mercury capsule after splash-down roughly {{convert|300|mi|km}} east of Cape Canaveral, Florida. The mission was designated MR-3, or [[Mercury-Redstone 3]], and it was the United States's answer to the successful flight of Yuri Gagarin, the Soviet cosmonaut who became the first human in space. In September 1961, ''Abbot'' became the school ship for the [[Destroyer Officer's School]] located at Newport. Her routine of service along the east coast and in the West Indies training naval officers in their future duties on board destroyer-type warships was broken twice in 1962. In August, she was ordered to Guantánamo Bay, where she served as a base defense ship during disorders in [[Haiti]]. Then, in October, she participated in operations enforcing the [[Cuban Missile Crisis|quarantine of Cuba]] established by President [[John F. Kennedy]] after he learned that [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] offensive missiles had been based on that island. She was released from that duty in mid-November and returned to Newport on the 24th to resume her training missions.

''Abbot'' continued her role as a training platform for prospective destroyer officers until April 1964. On 14 April, she departed Newport for [[Philadelphia]] for her last active duty assignment. At Philadelphia, she served as a Naval Reserve training ship for almost a year and as flagship for Reserve Destroyer Squadron 30. She was [[ship decommissioning|decommissioned]] on 26 March 1965 at Philadelphia and, for the next decade, was berthed with the Philadelphia Group, [[Atlantic Reserve Fleet]].

Struck from the [[Navy list]] on 1 December 1974, she was sold for scrapping to the Boston Metals Company of [[Baltimore, Maryland]], in August 1975.

==Awards==
''Abbot'' earned eight [[battle star]]s for her [[World War II]] service.

==See also==
See [[USS Abbot|USS ''Abbot'']] for other ships of the same name.

==References==
*{{DANFS|http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/a/abbot-dd-629-ii.html}}

==External links==
* [http://www.navsource.org/archives/05/629.htm       navsource.org: USS ''Abbot'']
* [http://www.hazegray.org/danfs/destroy/dd629txt.htm  hazegray.org: USS ''Abbot'']
* [http://abbot.us/ USS ''Abbot''  homepage] A collection of photographs, documents and memories of those who served aboard the USS ''Abbot'' DD629

{{Fletcher class destroyer}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Abbot (Dd-629)}}
[[Category:Fletcher-class destroyers of the United States Navy]]
[[Category:World War II destroyers of the United States]]
[[Category:Cold War destroyers of the United States]]
[[Category:Ships built in Bath, Maine]]
[[Category:1943 ships]]