User:Mr. Ibrahem/WHO AWaRe
The WHO AWaRe Classification is a method to categorize antibiotics into three groups in an effort to improve appropriate antibiotic use.[1][2] The classification is based, in part, on the risk of developing antibiotic resistance and their importance to medicine.[1][3] It does not reflect effectiveness or strength.[4] It is accompanied by a book, The WHO AWaRe antibiotic book, that outlines which and how to use antibiotics in 34 common infections.[5]
The three groups are "access", meaning use can be unrestricted, "watch", meaning care should be taken, and "reserve" meaning use should be saved for cases in which other options are not possible.[3] The recommendation is that greater than 60% of antibiotics used within a country come from the "access" group.[6]
The classification was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and launched in 2017.[1] It is an aspect of the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines.[3] The classification as of 2021 covers 258 items.[1] Challenges in its implementation include lack of awareness, little political will, and few resources.[6]
References
- ^ a b c d "2021 AWaRe classification". www.who.int. Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
- ^ "2.3.5. WHO model lists of essential medicines". WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization: seventy-sixth report. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2023. pp. 17–18. ISBN 978-92-4-007448-4. Archived from the original on 2023-11-19. Retrieved 2023-11-17.
- ^ a b c The WHO AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) antibiotic book. 9 December 2022. Archived from the original on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
- ^ "WHO Antibiotics Portal". aware.essentialmeds.org. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ^ Zanichelli, Veronica; Sharland, Michael; Cappello, Bernadette; Moja, Lorenzo; Getahun, Haileyesus; Pessoa-Silva, Carmem; Sati, Hatim; van Weezenbeek, Catharina; Balkhy, Hanan; Simão, Mariângela; Gandra, Sumanth; Huttner, Benedikt (1 April 2023). "The WHO AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) antibiotic book and prevention of antimicrobial resistance". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 101 (4): 290–296. doi:10.2471/BLT.22.288614. ISSN 0042-9686. Archived from the original on 7 May 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
- ^ a b Mudenda, Steward; Daka, Victor; Matafwali, Scott K. (2023). "World Health Organization AWaRe framework for antibiotic stewardship: Where are we now and where do we need to go? An expert viewpoint". Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology: ASHE. 3 (1): e84. doi:10.1017/ash.2023.164. ISSN 2732-494X. PMID 37179758. Archived from the original on 2023-05-14. Retrieved 2023-11-18.