Velupillai Prabhakaran: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox Criminal |
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| subject_name = Velupillai Prabhakaran |
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| image_name = Velupillai Prabhakaran.jpg |
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| image_size = 200px |
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| image_caption = in November 2006 |
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| date_of_birth = {{Birth date|1954|11|26}} |
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| place_of_birth = [[Velvettithurai]], [[Sri Lanka]] |
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| date_of_death = {{death date and age|2009|05|18|1954|11|26}} |
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<ref name="The End Battle">{{cite web|url=http://www.defence.lk/new.asp?fname=20090621LastBattleN|title=The End Battle}}</ref><ref name="lttechiefdead-TOI"/><ref name="lttechiefdead-TimesOnline"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tamilnet.com/art.html?catid=13&artid=29409 |title=War crime in the massacre of LTTE officials|accessdate=2009-05-19}}</ref> |
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| place_of_death = Nanthikadal lagoon, [[Mullaitivu]], Sri Lanka |
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| cause = Killed by gunfire <ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videoshow/4546368.cms |title=Tiger leader Prabhakaran killed: Sources-News-Videos-The Times of India |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date= |accessdate=2009-05-19}}</ref> |
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| alias = |
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| motive = [[Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism]] |
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| charge = Crimes against life and health, [[terrorism]], [[murder]], [[organized crime]] and terrorism [[conspiracy (crime)|conspiracy]] |
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| conviction = |
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| conviction_penalty = Arrest warrant issued by [[Supreme Court of Sri Lanka|Colombo High Court]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17493 |title=Colombo High Court Issue arrest warrant for Prabhakaran and Pottu Amman |publisher=Asian Tribune |date= |accessdate=2009-05-17}}</ref><br />Death warrant issued by [[Chennai]] |
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| conviction_status = Deceased |
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| occupation = |
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| spouse = Mathivathani Erambu |
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| parents = Father: Veraswami Thiruwengadam Velupillai<br>Mother: Velupillai Parvathi Pillai<ref>http://defence.lk/new.asp?fname=20090528_13</ref> |
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| children = Charles Anthony<br />Duwaraka<br />Balachandran |
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}} |
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{{Sri Lankan Conflict}} |
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'''Velupillai Prabhakaran''' ({{lang-ta|வேலுப்பிள்ளை பிரபாகரன்}}; November 26, 1954 – May 19, 2009<ref name="The End Battle"/><ref name="lttechiefdead-TOI">{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/LTTE-chief-Prabhakaran-killed-Reports/articleshow/4546294.cms|title=LTTE chief Prabhakaran killed: Lanka army sources|date=May 18, 2009|publisher=Times of India|accessdate=2009-05-18}}</ref><ref name="lttechiefdead-TimesOnline">{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article6309915.ece|title=Tamil Tigers supreme commander Prabhakaran 'shot dead'|date=May 18, 2009 |publisher=Times Online |accessdate=2009-05-18}}</ref><ref name="lttechiefdead-telegraph">{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/srilanka/5342331/Tamil-Tiger-leader-Velupillai-Prabhakaran-shot-dead.html|title=Tamil Tiger leader Velupillai Prabhakaran 'shot dead'|last=Nelson |first=Dean |date=May 18, 2009|publisher=Telegraph|accessdate=2009-05-18}}</ref>) was the founder and leader of the [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]] (the LTTE or the Tamil Tigers), a militant organization that sought to create an independent [[Tamil Eelam|Tamil state]] in the north and east of [[Sri Lanka]]. For over 25 years, the LTTE waged a [[Sri Lankan Civil War|violent secessionist campaign]] in Sri Lanka that led to it being designated a [[terrorist]] organization by 32 countries.<ref name="banned">{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberation_Tigers_of_Tamil_Eelam#Proscription_as_a_terrorist_group|title=Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam: Proscription as a Terrorist Group}}</ref> Prabhakaran was wanted by [[Interpol]] for [[terrorism]], [[murder]], [[organized crime]] and terrorism [[conspiracy (crime)|conspiracy]].<ref name = Interpol>{{cite web | title = Wanted: VELUPILLAI, Pirabhakaran | url = http://www.interpol.int/public/Data/Wanted/Notices/Data/1994/54/1994_9054.asp | work = [[Interpol]] | date = 2006-10-04 | accessdate = 2006-10-06 }}</ref> He also had arrest warrants against him in Sri Lanka and [[India]]. |
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On May 18, 2009, the Sri Lankan Government announced that Prabhakaran had been killed while trying to escape advancing Sri Lanka Army troops in the north of the country.<ref name="lttechiefdead-TOI"/><ref name="lttechiefdead-TimesOnline"/><ref>Mark Tran, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/may/18/tamil-tigers-sri-lanka-prabhakaran ''Profile: Velupillai Prabhakaran''], [[guardian.co.uk]], Monday 18 May 2009</ref><ref name="AFP">{{cite news|url=http://www.afp.com/afpcom/en/taglibrary/thematic/actuality|title=Tamil Tiger leader 'killed' by Sri Lanka troops|date=2009-05-18|work=[[Agence France-Presse|AFP]]|accessdate=2009-05-18}}</ref> The next day, his body was shown on Sri Lankan media,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.army.lk/vgallery.php?galid=29 |title=Sri Lanka Army - Defenders of the Nation |publisher=Army.lk |date= |accessdate=2009-05-19}}</ref> and a week later Tamil Tiger spokesman [[Selvarasa Pathmanathan]], admitted that Prabhakaran had died on May 17.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/asia/2009/05/2009524124042406562.html |title=Tamil Tigers confirm leader's death |work= [[Al Jazeera English]] |date= May 24, 2009|accessdate=2009-05-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8066129.stm|title= |
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Tamil Tigers admit leader is dead|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2009-05-24|accessdate=2009-05-24}}</ref> Two weeks later a [[DNA]] test confirmed Prabhakaran's and his son Charles Anthony's deaths. {{Citation needed|date=July 2009}} |
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==Early life== |
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Velupillai Prabhakaran was born in the northern coastal town of [[Velvettithurai]] on November 26, 1954, to Thiruvenkadam Velupillai and Vallipuram Parvathy.<ref name='lp-first'>{{cite news | title=First Political Assassination Of Prabhakaran | date=2009-02-25 | url =http://www.lankapuvath.lk/index.php?view=article&id=273:first-political-assassination-of-prabhakaran-&option=com_content&Itemid=80 | work =Lankapuwath | accessdate = 2009-05-17}}</ref><ref name='ht=prabhaprofile'>{{cite news | title=Profile of Velupillai Prabhakaran | date=2009-04-22 | url =http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=66266307-fb34-4150-b9b0-392df102e067 | work =Lankapuwath | accessdate = 2009-05-17}}</ref> Angered by what he saw as discrimination against Tamil people by successive Sri Lankan governments, he joined the student group TIP during the standardization debates.<ref>[[#Heil94|Heilmann-Rajanayagam 1994]]: 37</ref> In 1972 Prabhakaran founded the [[Tamil New Tigers]] (TNT)<ref>[[#Heil94|Heilmann-Rajanayagam 1994]]: 38</ref> which was a successor to many earlier organizations that protested against the post-colonial political direction of the country, in which the minority [[Sri Lankan Tamils]] were pitted against the majority [[Sinhalese people]].{{Cref|Political situation}} |
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In 1975, after becoming heavily involved in the Tamil movement, he carried out the first major political murder by a Tamil militant group, assassinating the mayor of [[Jaffna]], [[Alfred Duraiappah]], by shooting him at point-blank range when he was about to enter the Hindu temple at Ponnaalai. The assassination was in response to the [[1974 Tamil conference incident]], for which the Tamil radicals had blamed Duraiappah,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uthr.org/Book/CHA02.htm#_Toc527947383 |title=Welcome to UTHR, Sri Lanka |publisher=Uthr.org |date= |accessdate=2009-05-19}}</ref> because he backed the then ruling [[Sri Lanka Freedom Party]]. He was also seen by Tamil militants as betraying the Tamil nationalist sentiments in the [[Jaffna Peninsula]], by allying with the Sinhalese majority government.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DA26Df04.html |title=Asia Times: Sri Lanka: The Untold Story |publisher=Atimes.com |date= |accessdate=2009-05-19}}</ref> |
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==Tamil Tigers== |
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===Founding of the LTTE=== |
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On May 5, 1976, the TNT was renamed the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), commonly known as the ''Tamil Tigers''.<ref name="health">{{cite web|url=http://www.asiantribune.com/index.php?q=node/889|title=Health card of Prabakaran is not so rosy as it ought to be}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=July 2009}} |
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Religion was not a major factor in his philosophy or ideology, but the LTTE was characterized as anti-Buddhist.<ref>[[#Heil94|Heilmann-Rajanayagam 1994]]: 69</ref> Prabhakaran himself was a lapsed Methodist<ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1058/is_/ai_17497865 Would-be mediators - Sri Lanka - Cover Story] [[The Christian Century]] - September 13, 1995</ref>. The LTTE was also an organization that did not cite any material from religion or religious texts in any of its ideological documents and propaganda but were driven only by the idea of Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism. They focused on this single-minded approach and inspiration toward the attainment of an independent Tamil Eelam. |
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===Press conference at Killinochchi=== |
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Prabhakaran's first and only major press conference was held in [[Killinochchi]] on April 10, 2002.<ref name=tnr>{{cite web|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/2002/04/11/stories/2002041103800100.htm |title=The Hindu : Time not ripe to give up Eelam goal: Prabakaran |publisher=Hinduonnet.com |date=2002-04-11 |accessdate=2009-05-17}}</ref> It was reported that more than 200 journalists from the local and foreign media attended this event and they had to go through a 10-hour security screening before the event<ref name=tnr/> in which [[Anton Balasingham]] introduced the LTTE leader as the ''"President and Prime minister of Tamil Eelam."'' |
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A number of questions were asked about LTTE's commitment towards the erstwhile peace process and Prabhakaran and Dr. Anton Balasingham jointly answered the questions. |
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Answering a question from one of the reporters Prabhakaran said that he has instructed the LTTE cadres to kill him if he compromised on the goal of independent state.<ref name=tnr/> |
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Repeated questions of his involvement in the [[Rajiv Gandhi]] assassination were only answered in a sober note by both Balasingham and Prabhakaran. They called it a "tragic incident" ("Thunbiyal Chambavam", as quoted in Tamil) they requested the press "not to dig into an incident that happened 10 years ago." |
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During the interview he stated that the right condition has not risen to give up the demand of Tamil Eelam. He further mentioned that "There are three fundamentals. That is Tamil homeland, Tamil nationality and Tamil right to self-determination. These are the fundamental demands of the Tamil people. Once these demands are accepted or a political solution is put forward by recognising these three fundamentals and our people are satisfied with the solutions we will consider giving up the demand for Eelam." He further added that Tamil Eelam was not only the demand of the LTTE but also the demand of the Tamil people.<ref name=tnr /> |
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Prabhakaran also answered a number of questions in which he reaffirmed their commitment towards peace process, quoted "We are sincerely committed to the peace process. It is because we are sincerely committed to peace that we continued a four month cessation of hostilities" was also firm in de-proscription of the LTTE by Sri Lanka and India, "We want the government of India to lift the ban on the LTTE. We will raise the issue at the appropriate time." |
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Prabhakaran also insisted firmly that only de-proscription would bring forth an amenable solution to the ongoing peace process mediated by [[Norway]]: "We have informed the government, we have told the Norwegians that de-proscription is a necessary condition for the commencements of talks."<ref>Assignment Colombo at page xv(15), ISBN 81-220-0499-7, published by Konark Publishers Pvt Ltd, delhi</ref><ref>''Wages of Sin'' by Sl Gunasekera</ref> |
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==Philosophy and ideology== |
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{{quote|"Few dispute he was one of the most effective [[guerrilla]] leaders in modern warfare - displaying the tactical prowess of Afghanistan's [[Ahmad Shah Masoud]], the ruthlessness of [[Osama bin Laden]] and the conviction of Latin American revolutionary [[Che Guevara]]."| ''[[Straits Times]]'' <ref name="SunGodWar">[http://www.straitstimes.com/Breaking%2BNews/Asia/Story/STIStory_378372.html 'Sun God's' Life of War] ''Straits Times'', May 18, 2009</ref>}} |
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Prabhakaran never expressed an all encompassing systematic [[philosophy]], but did declare his ideology to be driven by 'Revolutionary [[socialism]] and the creation of an egalitarian society'. He joined the Tamil nationalist movement in his youth and quickly established himself as a strong willed [[militant]] leader by founding the LTTE. His rare interviews, his annual Tamil Eelam Heroes Day speeches and the policies and actions of the LTTE can be taken as indicators of Prabhakaran’s philosophy and ideology. The following are important areas when considering philosophy and ideology of Prabhakaran. |
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===Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism=== |
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Prabhakaran’s source of inspiration and direction was [[Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism]]. His stated and ultimate ideal was to get [[Tamil Eelam]] recognised as a [[nation]] as per the U.N. Charter that guarantees the right of a people to political independence<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hrweb.org/legal/cpr.html |title=UN Covenant on Civil and Political Rights |publisher=Hrweb.org |date=1994-07-07 |accessdate=2009-05-17}}</ref> which has been given in their official web page. The LTTE also proposed the formation of an [[Interim Self Governing Authority]] during Peace Negotiations in 2003. Former Tamil guerrilla and later turned politician Dharmalingam Sithadthan, has remarked that "his dedication to the cause of the [[Tamil Eelam]] was unquestionable, he was the only man in Sri Lanka who could decide if there should be war or peace."<ref name="SunGodWar" />Prabhakaran is popularly also called as |
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Karikalan for his braveness and also for his administration ([[Karikalan]] refers to a famous [[Chola]] king who ruled around 270 CE.) |
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===Militarism of the LTTE=== |
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Prabhakaran explicitly stated that an armed struggle is the only way to resist [[asymmetric warfare]], in which one side, that of the Sri Lankan government, is armed and the other comparatively unarmed. He argued that he chose military means only after observing that [[Nonviolence|non–violent]] means have been ineffectual and obsolete, especially after the [[Thileepan]] incident. Thileepan, a colonel rank officer adopted [[Gandhi]]an means to protest against the IPKF killings by staging a fast unto death from September 15, 1987, and by abstaining from food or water till 26 September, he died in front of thousands of Tamils who had come there to fast along with him. This further strengthened Prabhakaran's resolve that peaceful protests would either be ignored or crushed but never heard.<ref>[http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/181_1806875,001302310000.htm ]{{Dead link|date=May 2009}}</ref> |
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Tactically, Prabhakaran perfected the recruitment and use of [[suicide bomber]] units, while his fighters usually took no prisoners and were notorious for assaults that often left every single enemy soldier dead.<ref name="SunGodWar" /> Personally, [[Interpol]] described him as someone who was "very alert, known to use disguise and capable of handling sophisticated weaponry and explosives."<ref name="SunGodWar" /> |
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===Modus operandi=== |
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Sri Lankan Army Commander [[General]] [[Sarath Fonseka]] alleged that he has fled Sri Lanka to a foreign country subsequent to the run of Sri Lankan military victories in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-37514520090118 |title=Tamil Tiger head may have fled Sri Lanka - army chief | South Asia | Reuters |publisher=In.reuters.com |date=2009-01-18 |accessdate=2009-05-17}}</ref> [[Malaysia]]'s police force was put on alert on reports that he had either fled there or to [[Thailand]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?sectionName=Cricket&id=1402909b-6e90-41a2-bef7-f685c8becfb9&&Headline=Malaysia+sounds+alert+for+LTTE+chief+Prabhakaran |title=Malaysia sounds alert for LTTE chief Prabhakaran |publisher=Hindustan Times |date=2009-01-22 |accessdate=2009-05-17}}</ref> |
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===Death=== |
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When the Sri Lankan military advanced into LTTE territory, Prabakaran and his top leadership retreated into Mullaithivu, which became the rebels' last stronghold. Early reports indicated that Prabakaran was killed by rocket attack while trying to flee the conflict zone in a captured ambulance and his body was badly burned. But after the pro-rebel [[Tamilnet]] claimed that he was alive, his body was shown on national TV. According to later reports, his body was found in the adjoining Nandikathal lagoon north of Vellamullivaikkal near Mullaithivu. Prabakaran's identity was confirmed by [[Vinayagamoorthy Muralitharan|Karuna Amman]], his former confidant,<ref name="karuna">{{cite web|url=http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20090519/india_nm/india397203_6|title=Sri Lanka confirms Prabhakaran is dead}}</ref> and through DNA testing against his son's genetic material.<ref name="DNA">{{cite web|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article6313072.ece|title=DNA tests on body of Prabhakaran, Sri Lankan rebel leader}}</ref> Circumstantial evidence suggested that his death was caused by a massive head injury or he was shot dead at close range. There are also allegations that he was executed.<ref name="cremated">{{cite web|url=http://www.breitbart.com/article.php?id=D98AFLI00|title=Sri Lankan rebel leader's body cremated, military spokesman says}}</ref> The Sri Lankan army claimed to have found his body in a lagoon. The Sri Lankan army released pictures and videos of what they claimed was Prabhakaran's body lying on a stretcher, surrounded by soldiers. The corpse was dressed in Prabhakaran's uniform, had Prabhakaran's appearance, and had a large bullet wound in its forehead, suggesting that he was killed by a gunshot to the head, which highly suggests that it was Prabhakaran and not a stand-in (further confirmed by genetic screening). |
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<gallery> |
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<!-- Deleted image removed: Image:Praba.jpg|The dead body of the rebel leader as circulated by Sri Lanka media. --> |
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</gallery> |
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==Criminal indictments== |
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Velupillai Prabhakaran has been wanted by [[Interpol]] many other organizations since 1991 for terrorism, murder, organized crime and terrorism conspiracy.<ref name ="Interpol">{{cite web|url=http://www.interpol.int/public/Data/Wanted/Notices/Data/1994/54/1994_9054.asp|work = [[Interpol]] | date = 2006-10-04|accessdate=2006-10-06|title=Wanted: VELUPILLAI, Prabakaran }}</ref> He has been issued a death warrant<ref>{{cite web|url=http://brcslproject.gn.apc.org/slmonitor/january98/raji.html |title=Sri Lanka Monitor |publisher=Brcslproject.gn.apc.org |date= |accessdate=2009-05-17}}</ref> by the Madras High Court in India for plotting the assassination of former Indian Prime Minister [[Rajiv Gandhi]] in May, 1991 and in 2002 Judge Ambepitiya issued an open warrant to arrest him in connection with the 1996 [[Central Bank Bombing]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spur.asn.au/LTTE_Atrocities_Central_Bank_in_Colombo.htm |title=LTTE Tamil Tiger Terrorists Bomb Central Bank in Sri Lanka killing 58 Civilians |publisher=Spur.asn.au |date=1997-10-17 |accessdate=2009-05-17}}</ref> The judge found him guilty on 51 counts and sentenced him to 200 years in prison. |
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==Personal life== |
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Little is known of Prabhakaran's personal life, either from his interviews or from cited media sources, although it is widely known that he was married to Mathivathani Erambu on October 1, 1984.<ref name="health"/>{{Failed verification|date=July 2009}} They had a daughter (Duvaraga) and two sons, Charles Anthony and Balachandran. Their whereabouts were not known, but it was widely believed that they were not in Sri Lanka.<ref name="health"/>{{Failed verification|date=July 2009}} However, Sri Lanka military sources stated that they had recovered the corpse of Charles Anthony.<ref name="Charles Anthony Killed">{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Prabhakarans-son-killed-Sri-Lanka-military/articleshow/4545092.cms|title=Prabhakaran's son killed: Sri Lanka military}}</ref> A senior Sri Lankan minister later informed that the Sri Lanka Army had also found the bodies of Prabhakaran's younger son Balachandran, wife Mathivathani, and his daughter Duvaraga.<ref name="familydead">{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videoshow/4556609.cms|title=Prabhakaran's family found dead}}</ref> However, the military spokesman Udaya Nanayakkara later stated that there was no information about the whereabouts of the remaining members of the Prabhakaran's family. “We have not found their bodies and have no information about them,” he said.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailymirror.lk/DM_BLOG/Sections/frmNewsDetailView.aspx?ARTID=49660|title=Prabhakaran’s body cremated (Daily Mirror)}}</ref> Yet, it is thought that the entire Prabhakaran's family actually has been wiped out; the bodies of Madhivadhany, Duvaraga and Balachandran reportedly were found in a bushy patch about 600 meters way from where Prabhakaran’s body was found.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailymirror.lk/DM_BLOG/Sections/frmNewsDetailView.aspx?ARTID=49739|title=Last days of Thiruvenkadam Veluppillai Prabhakaran (Daily Mirror)}}</ref> |
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Velupillai Prabhakaran's parents, Thiruvenkadam Velupillai and Parvathi, both in their 70s, were found in the [[Menik Farm]] [[Sri Lankan IDP camps|camp for displaced people]] near the town of Vavuniya. The Sri Lankan military and the government gave public assurances that they would not be interrogated, harmed or ill treated.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8072081.stm|title=Tamil Tiger chief's parents found (BBC News) | date=2009-05-28 | accessdate=2010-01-06}}</ref> |
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===Charles Anthony=== |
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Charles Anthony was the first child of Velupillai Prabhakaran. In May 2009, the Sri Lankan [[Ministry of Defence (Sri Lanka)|Ministry of Defence]] killed Charles, in the final stage of the [[2008–2009 Sri Lankan Army Northern offensive]]. Charles was named after Prabhakaran's close friend [[Charles Lucas Anthony]]. |
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===Spelling of his name=== |
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There are different approaches to render his name in [[Latin script]], which appear very different at first sight. The most straightforward option is a [[transliteration]] according to the [[National Library at Kolkata romanization|National Library transliteration]] scheme. Given that the name is வேலுப்பிள்ளை பிரபாகரன் in Tamil, this yields ''Vēluppillai Pirapākara<u>n</u>''. People unfamiliar with this transliteration model tend to mispronounce the name, which is why outside academia, a more [[phonetic]] rendering (a [[Transcription (linguistics)|transcription]]) is often found. The pronunciation of the name is [ʋeːlʊppɨllaəppɨraːbaharan]. This is approximated in a spelling based on English conventions by "Pirapakaran", "Pirapaharan" or "Pirabaharan". This gives the version most often used in Western media, namely "Prabhakaran". |
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== See also == |
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*[[Nadarajah Thangathurai]] |
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*[[Selvarajah Yogachandran]] |
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*[[Ponnuthurai Sivakumaran]] |
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==References== |
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{{reflist|2}} |
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==Further reading== |
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* [http://www.amazon.com/dp/9559447041/ Rajan Hoole. (2001) 'The Arrogance of power '], UTHR(J), Colombo. |
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*Pratap, Anita. ''Island of Blood: Frontline Reports From Sri Lanka, Afghanistan and Other South Asian Flashpoints'' (2001). |
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*{{cite book |title=The Tamil Tigers: Armed Struggle for Identity |last=Heilmann-Rajanayagam |first=Dagmar |year=1994 |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |location=Stuttgart, Germany }} |
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==External links== |
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*EelamWeb Profile - [http://www.eelamweb.com/leader/ Tamil National Leader] |
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*[[United States Pacific Command]] [http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items07/250407-5.html assessment of Prabhakaran] |
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*BBC Profile - [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/212361.stm The enigma of Prabhakaran] |
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*BBC News Report - [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/1922478.stm Reclusive Tamil rebel leader faces public (2002)] |
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*[http://www.tamilnation.org/forum/sachisrikantha/vp/vp00.htm ''The Pirabaharan Phenomenon''] |
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*[http://www.thesundayleader.lk/20081026/Interviews-1.htm Interview with Velupillai Prabhakaran] |
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*[http://www.lankadissent.com/sinhala/hottopics/OtherNews_08_10_25_01.htm Interview with Velupillai Prabhakaran in Sinhala] |
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*[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Final-showdown-for-Tamil-Tiger-chief-Prabhakaran/articleshow/4439368.cms Final Showdown for Tamil Tiger Chief Prabhakaran] ''The Times of India'', April 23, 2009 |
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*[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article6315330.ece Claims of Massacre as Tamil Tiger Leaders Die] by Robert Bosleigh, 'The Times'', May 19, 2009 |
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===Interviews and speeches=== |
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*Veluppillai Prabhakaran's [http://www.eelamweb.com/leader/ interviews] |
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*A short assorted list of his [http://eelam.com/interviews/ interviews] |
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*[http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl1909/19090040.htm Prabakaran in First Person - T.S. Subramanian - April 2002 - Press Meet] |
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<!-- Do not remove, additions of these cats have been after discussions in the WikiProject Sri Lanka Reconciliation--> |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Prabhakaran, Velupillai}} |
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[[Category:1954 births]] |
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[[Category:2009 deaths]] |
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<!-- Ref: http://www.interpol.int/public/Data/Wanted/Notices/Data/1994/54/1994 9054.asp --> |
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[[Category:Deaths by firearm in Sri Lanka]] |
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[[Category:Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam members]] |
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[[Category:Sri Lankan rebels]] |
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[[Category:Tamil Eelam]] |
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[[Category:Sri Lankan Tamil people]] |
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[[ar:فيلوبيلاي برابهاكاران]] |
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[[bn:ভেলুপিল্লাই প্রভাকরণ]] |
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[[ca:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[cy:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[da:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[de:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[el:Βελουπιλάι Πραμπακαράν]] |
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[[es:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[hif:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[fr:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[ko:벨루필라이 프라바카란]] |
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[[hi:वेलुपिल्लई प्रभाकरण]] |
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[[id:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[kn:ವೇಲುಪಿಳ್ಳೈ ಪ್ರಭಾಕರನ್]] |
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[[ml:വേലുപ്പിള്ള പ്രഭാകരൻ]] |
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[[mr:वेलुपिल्लई प्रभाकरन]] |
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[[ms:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[nl:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[ja:ヴェルピライ・プラバカラン]] |
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[[no:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[nn:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[pl:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[pt:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[ru:Велупиллаи Прабхакаран]] |
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[[si:වේ. පිරපාකරන]] |
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[[simple:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[fi:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[sv:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[ta:வேலுப்பிள்ளை பிரபாகரன்]] |
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[[te:వేలుపిళ్ళై ప్రభాకరన్]] |
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[[tr:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[vi:Velupillai Prabhakaran]] |
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[[zh:韦卢皮莱·普拉巴卡兰]] |
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