Vinyllithium
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3D model (JSmol)
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ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.011.844 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |
C2H3Li | |
Molar mass | 33.99 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | white solid |
Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards
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pyrophoric |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Vinyllithium is an organolithium compound with the formula LiC2H3. A colorless or white solid, it is encountered mainly as a solution in tetrahydrofuran (THF). It is a reagent in synthesis of organic compounds.[1]
Preparation and structure
Solutions of vinyllithium are prepared by lithium-halogen exchange reactions. A halide-free route entails reaction of tetravinyltin with butyllithium:
- Sn(CH=CH2)4 + 4 BuLi → SnBu4 + 4 LiCH=CH2
The reaction of ethylene and lithium affords vinyl lithium and lithium hydride, together with other organolithium compounds,[1]
Like most organolithium compounds, vinyllithium crystallizes from THF as a cluster compound as a cubane-type cluster.[2]
Reactions
Vinyllithium is used to install vinyl groups on metal-based reagents, being a precursor to vinylsilanes, vinylcuprates, and vinylstannanes.[3] It adds to ketones compounds to give allylic alcohols.
References
- ^ a b "Vinyllithium". e-EROS Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. 2007. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rv015.pub2.
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(help). - ^ "X-Ray crystal structure of a vinyllithium–tetrahydrofuran solvate (C2H3Li–thf)4. Quantitative estimation of Li–H distances by 6Li–1H HOESY". J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun.: 903–905. 1992. doi:10.1039/C39920000903.
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(help) - ^ "Mixed Higher-order Cyanocuprate-induced Epoxide Openings: 1-benzyloxy-4-penten-2-ol". Org. Synth. 69: 80. 1990. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.069.0080.
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