View source for Wenzhou rail transit

{{Short description|Rapid transit system serving Wenzhou, China}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2019}}{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2019}}{{Infobox Public transit
| name = Wenzhou Rail Transit
| native_name = 温州轨道交通
| image = WenzhouRailway.svg
| imagesize = 80px
| image2 = WZMTR S1 train at CARS (20170927154031).jpg
| imagesize2 = 275px
| owner = 
| locale = [[Wenzhou]], [[Zhejiang]], China
| transit_type = [[Rapid Transit]]
| lines = 2
| stations = 
| ridership = 
| began_operation = {{Start date and age|2019|01|23}}
| operation_will_start = 
| operator = Wenzhou Mass Transit Rail Corporation (WZ-MTR)
| vehicles = 
| system_length = {{Convert|116.4|km|abbr=on}}
| track_gauge = 
| map = [[File:Wenzhou Metro Planning.svg|250px]]
| map_state = show
| website = {{url|www.wzmtr.com}}
| alt = 
| caption = 
| area served = 
| line_number = 
| start = 
| end = 
| annual_ridership = 
| chief_executive = 
| character = 
}}
{{Chinese
|s=温州轨道交通
|t=溫州軌道交通
|p=Wēnzhōu Guǐdào Jiāotōng
|altname = Abbreviation
|s2=温州轨交
|t2=溫州軌交
|p2=Wēnzhōu Guǐjiāo
|order=st
}}
'''Wenzhou Rail Transit''' ({{zh|s=温州轨道交通 |p=Wēnzhōu Guǐdào Jiāotōng}}),<ref name=zjol>{{Cite web|url=https://zj.zjol.com.cn/news/1124039.html|title = 刚刚！温州首条轨道交通S1线正式开通试运营}}</ref> operated by Wenzhou Mass Transit Rail Corporation (abbreviated as WZ-MTR), is the [[rapid transit]] network serving the city of [[Wenzhou]], [[Zhejiang]] Province, China. 

Three lines (S1, S2 and S3) have received approval from the [[National Development and Reform Commission|NDRC]], and two more lines (M1 and M2) are not approved ([[de facto]] rejected) by [[National Development and Reform Commission|NDRC]]. Line S1 has been under construction since November 2011 and was opened in January 2019.<ref name="zjol" /> Line S2 opened in August 2023. Line S3 is under construction and will open in 2027. The first three lines are projected to cost about 50 billion yuan.

==Nomenclature==
In the PRC in general both the terms 市郊铁路 (Urban-Suburban railway) and 市域铁路 (Perfectural railway) refers to newly-opened commuter/regional railway services in general interchangeably, and are designated with Latin letter S. In Southern Zhejiang province, however, 市郊铁路 refers to genuine commuter/regional lines like that of [[Transilien]], while 市域铁路, dubbed with S, refers to the partially underground urban system like that of the RER. 

Taizhou, in particular, has both systems in its rail transit in operation; while Wenzhou has both a RER-like system in operation and a planned rapid transit. The RER-like system has everything similar to a rapid transit in terms of operation, and has no direct connections with the national railway system, yet still has a [[loading gauge]] and signaling system inherited from the interprovincial railway and runs on the left track,<ref>Unlike North America, Mainland Eurasian right-hand driving countries usually have different [[Left- and right-hand traffic|traffic handness]] concerning subway (or road traffic) and commuter rail (or national intercity rail).</ref> and comes with a longer distance between stations (approximately 3km). Due to the state restrictions on rapid-transit building in smaller cities some city governments use this methods to circumvent such restrictions, branded as a rapid transit toward the citizens while as a commuter rail toward the central government.

==In operation==
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="cell-padding:1.5; font-size:96%; text-align:center;"
! data-sort-type="text"style="width:120px;"|Line
! class="unsortable" colspan="2" style="width:450px; line-height:1.05"|Termini<br />(District)
! Commencement
! Newest<br />Extension
! style="line-height:1.05"| Length<br /><small>km</small>
! style="line-height:1.05"| Stations
|-
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| {{RouteBox|S1|Line S1 (Wenzhou Rail Transit)|#{{rcr|Wenzhou Rail Transit|s1}}}}
|style="text-align:center; width:225px; line-height:1.05"| '''{{stl|Wenzhou Rail Transit|Tongling}}'''<br />([[Ouhai District|Ouhai]])
|style="text-align:center; width:225px; line-height:1.05"| '''{{stl|Wenzhou Rail Transit|Shuang'ou Avenue}}'''<br />([[Dongtou District|Dongtou]])
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 23 January 2019
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 28 September 2019
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 53.5
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 18
|-
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| {{RouteBox|S2|Line S2 (Wenzhou Rail Transit)|#{{rcr|Wenzhou Rail Transit|s2}}}}
|style="text-align:center; width:225px; line-height:1.05"| '''{{stl|Wenzhou Rail Transit|Qingdong Road}}'''<br />([[Yueqing]])
|style="text-align:center; width:225px; line-height:1.05"| '''{{stl|Wenzhou Rail Transit|Dongshan}}'''<br />([[Rui'an]])
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 26 August 2023
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"|
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 62.945
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 20
|-
|-class="sortbottom"
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05" colspan="5"|'''Total'''
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05" |'''116.4'''
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05" |'''38'''
|}

===Line S1===
{{main|Line S1 (Wenzhou Rail Transit)}}
[[File:WZMTR S1 train at CARS (20170927154454).jpg|thumb|Train of [[Line S1 (Wenzhou Metro)]], built by [[CRRC Qingdao Sifang]]]]
The first phase of Line S1 begins at Tongling station in the west, south of [[Wenzhou South Railway Station]], and ends at Shuang'ou Avenue station in the east, with {{convert|53.5|km|4=3}} of track<ref>{{cite web |url=http://zj.ifeng.com/a/20190124/7184139_0.shtml |title=温州首条轨道交通S1线正式开通试运营 |date=2019-01-24}}</ref> and 18 stations.<ref name=wzrail>{{cite web |url=http://www.wzrailway.com/Art/Art_29/Art_29_339.aspx |script-title=zh:浙江省温州市市域铁路线路规划情况 |trans-title=Planned network of Wenzhou Urban Railway |date=30 July 2013 |publisher=Wenzhou Mass Transit |language=Chinese}}</ref> Construction of the Shitan Tunnel of Line S1 began on 11 November 2011,<ref name=xinhua>{{cite news |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/energy/2011-11/12/c_122269658.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113033141/http://news.xinhuanet.com/energy/2011-11/12/c_122269658.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 13, 2011 |script-title=zh:温州市域铁路开工 拟吸引民资35亿元 |trans-title=Wenzhou Urban Railway begins construction, plans to attract 3.5 billion yuan of private investment |date=12 November 2011 |newspaper=Xinhua |language=Chinese}}</ref> and the rest of the line officially began construction in March 2013. Line S1 was originally scheduled to open in October 2018.<ref name=wznews/><ref name=wzrail/> The west section of the line ({{convert|34.38|km|4=3|abbr=on|sp=us}}<ref name=zj201901>{{cite web|url=https://zj.zjol.com.cn/news/1124039.html|title=刚刚！温州首条轨道交通S1线正式开通试运营|date=2019-01-23}}</ref> with 12 stations) was opened on January 23, 2019. The last section of the line ({{convert|19.127|km|abbr=on|sp=us}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wzrb.com.cn/article966145show.html|title=S1线东段通过项目工程质量验收，计划月底通车|date=2019-09-01}}</ref> with 6 stations) was opened on September 28, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/1Eb_EVte7sqjMF_0RmndQA|title=官宣！9月28日12时，温州轨道交通S1线全线正式贯通运营！|date=2019-09-27}}</ref>

===Line S2===
{{main|Line S2 (Wenzhou Rail Transit)}}
The first phase of Line S2 runs from Qingdong Road Station in [[Yueqing]] to Dongshan Station in [[Rui'an]], with {{convert|62.945|km|4=3}} of track and 20 stations, including one at [[Wenzhou Longwan International Airport]]. Construction of S2 began in January 2016.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wzmtr.com/Art/Art_30/Art_30_1111.aspx |title=温州市域铁路S2线一期工程正式开工建设 |date=6 January 2016 |publisher=Wenzhou MTR |language=zh}}</ref> Line S2 will feature distinct express and local services.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.66wz.com/system/2015/12/30/104677326.shtml|title=市域铁路S2线一期工程今开工 全程用时1小时内|access-date=2018-07-21}}</ref><ref name=wendu201911>{{cite web|url=http://finance.wendu.cn/2019/1119/777540.shtml|date=2019-11-19|title=市铁投集团董事长丁建宇昨接听政务服务热线透露诸多好消息：M1线有望明年底前开建}}</ref> Line S2 opened on 26 August 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|title=定了！8月26日12点！ 温州轨道交通S2线开通运营|url=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ZYaf9g7nJRdaQlESGGxvlQ|access-date=2023-08-24|website=微信公众平台|archive-date=2023-08-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230824114952/https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ZYaf9g7nJRdaQlESGGxvlQ|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Approved lines==
As of 2023, one line is under construction: Line S3.

{|class="wikitable" style="cell-padding:1.5; font-size:96%; text-align:center;"
! data-sort-type="text"style="width:100px;"|Line
! class="unsortable" colspan="2" style="width:400px; line-height:1.05"|Terminals
! Planned opening
! style="line-height:1.05"| Length<br /><small>km</small>
! style="line-height:1.05"| Stations
|-
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| {{RouteBox|S3|Line S3 (Wenzhou Rail Transit)|#{{rcr|Wenzhou Rail Transit|s3}}}}
|style="text-align:center; width:225px; line-height:1.05"| '''{{stl|Wenzhou Rail Transit|Wenzhou Railway Station}}'''<br />([[Lucheng District, Wenzhou|Lucheng]])
|style="text-align:center; width:225px; line-height:1.05"| '''{{stl|Wenzhou Rail Transit|Feiyun}}'''<br />([[Rui'an]])
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 2027
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 31.05
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 13
|}

The first phase of Wenzhou Rail Transit received official approval from the [[National Development and Reform Commission]] in September 2012. This phase includes three lines: S1, S2, and S3, with a total length of {{convert|140.7|km|4=3}}. Construction is projected to complete by 2018, at an estimated cost of about 50 billion yuan.<ref name=wznews>{{cite news |url=http://news.66wz.com/system/2013/03/21/103576945.shtml |script-title=zh:市域铁路S1线一期开工 温州驶入城市轨道交通时代 |trans-title=Line S1 of Wenzhou Urban Railway begins construction |date=21 March 2013 |newspaper=Wenzhou Evening News |language=Chinese}}</ref>

===Line S3===
The first phase of Line S3 starts at {{stl|Wenzhou Rail Transit|Wenzhou Railway Station}}, along Wenrui Avenue, passes through Nanbaixiang, Xianyan, Tangxia to Rui'an City, then crosses Feiyun River to the south, passes Kunyang, Aojiang, Longgang, to Lingxi.<ref name=wendu201911/> It is expected to open in 2027.

The first phase of the Wenzhou Rail Transit S3 Line has a total length spans 31.05 kilometers (19.29 mi), comprising an underground stretch of 2.821 kilometers (1.753 mi) and an elevated segment of 24.17 kilometers (15.02 mi). This phase includes 13 stations, with 10 elevated stations and 3 underground stations incorporated along the route.

The second phase of this line, costing 26.40 billion yuan, extends over a length of 66 kilometers (41 mi) and encompasses 17 stations. Approximately 32.4% of this phase consists of underground lines, traversing through the districts of Rui'an City, Pingyang County, Cangnan County, and Longgang City.

==Short-term plans==
On March 21, 2019, the Wenzhou government announced plans for Line M1 and Line M2.<ref name=March2019plan>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wenzhou.gov.cn/art/2019/3/21/art_1219304_31430838.html |title=温州市城市轨道交通近期建设规划（2020～2026年）环境影响评价公示 |access-date=April 11, 2019 |archive-date=April 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427150609/http://www.wenzhou.gov.cn/art/2019/3/21/art_1219304_31430838.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of {{date|2=MDY}}, Line M1 and Line M2 have not been approved by [[National Development and Reform Commission|NDRC]], so actual construction have not started.

{|class="wikitable" style="cell-padding:1.5; font-size:96%; text-align:center;"
! data-sort-type="text"style="width:100px;"|Line
! class="unsortable" colspan="2" style="width:400px; line-height:1.05"|Terminals
! style="line-height:1.05"| Length<br /><small>km</small>
! style="line-height:1.05"| Stations
|-
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| {{RouteBox|M1|Line M1 (Wenzhou Rail Transit)|#{{rcr|Wenzhou Rail Transit|m1}}}}
|style="text-align:center; width:225px; line-height:1.05"| '''{{stl|Wenzhou Rail Transit|Li'ao}}'''
|style="text-align:center; width:225px; line-height:1.05"| '''[[Jinsui Road station (Wenzhou Metro)|Jinsui Road]]'''
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 32.5
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 23
|-
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| {{RouteBox|M2|Line M2 (Wenzhou Rail Transit)|#{{rcr|Wenzhou Rail Transit|m2}}}}
|style="text-align:center; width:225px; line-height:1.05"| '''[[Chencun station (Wenzhou Metro)|Chencun]]'''
|style="text-align:center; width:225px; line-height:1.05"| '''{{stl|Wenzhou Rail Transit|Kejicheng}}'''<!--Kejicheng is an interchange with Line S1 so the English translation must be same-->
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 27.9
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 23
<!--|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| {{RouteBox|M3|Line M3 (Wenzhou Rail Transit)|#{{rcr|Wenzhou Rail Transit|m3}}}}
|style="text-align:center; width:225px; line-height:1.05"| '''{{stl|Wenzhou Rail Transit|South Railway Station}}'''
|style="text-align:center; width:225px; line-height:1.05"| '''{{stl|Wenzhou Rail Transit|Daozhong Island}}'''
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 25.6
|style="text-align:center; line-height:1.05"| 22-->
|}

===Line M1===
Line M1 is a fully underground line with 23 stations. The length of the line is {{convert|32.5|km|abbr=on|sp=us}}.<ref name=March2019plan />

===Line M2===
Phase 1 of Line M2 is a fully underground line with 23 stations. The length of the line is {{convert|27.9|km|abbr=on|sp=us}}.<ref name=March2019plan />
<!--===Line M3===
The Phase 1 of Line M3 is a fully underground line with 22 stations. The length of the line is 25.6&nbsp;km.-->

==Long-term plans==

=== Line S4 ===
Line S4 is planned to run in a northwest-southeast direction, from Tengqiao in the west to Huanghua Station in the east, where it will connect with Line S2. Its total length is projected to be {{convert|47.15|km|abbr=on}}, with 10 stations.<ref name=wzrail/>

== Network map ==
Map showing operational and under construction lines of Wenzhou Rail Transit.
{{clear}}
[[File:Wenzhou Metro Planning.svg|center|750px]]

==See also==
* [[List of metro systems]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Southern Zhejiang transit}}
{{Urban rail transit in China}}

[[Category:Wenzhou rail transit| ]]
[[Category:Underground commuter rail]]
[[Category:Rapid transit in China]]
[[Category:Transport in Wenzhou]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Zhejiang]]
[[Category:2019 establishments in China]]
[[Category:Railway lines opened in 2019]]