Young offender
A young offender is a young person who has been convicted or cautioned for a criminal offense. Criminal justice systems often deal with young offenders differently from adult offenders, but different countries apply the term 'young offender' to different age groups depending on the age of criminal responsibility in that country.
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom has three separate and distinct criminal justice systems: England & Wales, Northern Ireland, and Scotland. Young offenders are often dealt with by the Youth Offending Team. There is concern young adult offenders are not getting the support they need to help them avoid reoffending.[1]
In England & Wales the age of criminal responsibility is set at 10. Young offenders aged 10 to 17 (i.e. up to their eighteenth birthday) are classed as a juvenile offender. Between the ages of 18 and 21 (i.e. up to their twenty-first birthday) they are classed as young offenders. Offenders aged 21 and over are known as adult offenders.
In Scotland the age of criminal responsibility was formerly set at 8, one of the lowest ages of criminal responsibility in Europe. It has since been raised to 12 by the Criminal Justice and Licensing (Scotland) Act 2010, which received Royal Assent on 6 August 2010.[2][3]
In Northern Ireland it is 10.
Northern Europe
In Sweden, the age of criminal responsibility is set at 15 since 1902.[4]
See also
- Juvenile delinquency
- Minor (law)
- Juvenile court
- Defense of infancy
- Youth Offending Team
- Youth Inclusion Support Panel
- Timeline of children's rights in the United Kingdom
- Her Majesty's Young Offender Institution
References
- ^ Offenders aged 18-25 need more attention to deter crime, say MPs BBC
- ^ "Criminal age to be raised to 12". scotland.gov.uk. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
- ^ "Criminal Justice and Licensing (Scotland) Act 2010". scotland.gov.uk. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
- ^ Madeleine Nählstedt (2015). "Gammal nog att begå brott, för ung för att straffas- En undersökning om huruvida straffbarhetsåldern är lämplig och ändamålsenligt satt" (in English and Swedish). Lund University. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
