3-Dehydroshikimic acid

3-Dehydroshikimic acid
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name (4S,5R)-4,5-Dihydroxy-3-oxocyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid
	Other names 3-Dehydroshikimate; 3-DHS; (−)-3-DHS
Identifiers
CAS Number	2922-42-1 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:30918 ;
ChemSpider	388830;
ECHA InfoCard	100.162.474
PubChem CID	439774;
	InChI InChI=1S/C7H8O5/c8-4-1-3(7(11)12)2-5(9)6(4)10/h1,5-6,9-10H,2H2,(H,11,12)/t5-,6-/m1/s1 Key: SLWWJZMPHJJOPH-PHDIDXHHSA-N; InChI=1/C7H8O5/c8-4-1-3(7(11)12)2-5(9)6(4)10/h1,5-6,9-10H,2H2,(H,11,12)/t5-,6-/m1/s1 Key: SLWWJZMPHJJOPH-PHDIDXHHBW;
	SMILES C1[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)C=C1C(=O)O)O)O;
Properties
Chemical formula	C7H8O5
Molar mass	172.136 g·mol−1
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

3-Dehydroshikimic acid is a chemical compound related to shikimic acid. 3-DHS is available in large quantity through engineering of the shikimic acid pathway.^[1]

Metabolism

Biosynthesis: The enzyme 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase uses 3-dehydroquinate to produce 3-dehydroshikimate and H₂O.

3-Dehydroshikimate is then reduced to shikimic acid by the enzyme shikimate dehydrogenase, which uses nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) as a cofactor.

Gallic acid is also formed from 3-dehydroshikimate by the action of the enzyme shikimate dehydrogenase to produce 3,5-didehydroshikimate. This latter compound spontaneously rearranges to gallic acid.^[2]^[3]^[4]

References

^ Banwell, M. G.; Edwards, A. J.; Essers, M.; Jolliffe, K. A. (2003). "Conversion of (−)-3-Dehydroshikimic Acid into Derivatives of the (+)-Enantiomer". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 68 (17): 6839–6841. doi:10.1021/jo034689c. PMID 12919063.
^ Gallic acid pathway on metacyc.org
^ Dewick, P. M.; Haslam, E. (1969). "Phenol biosynthesis in higher plants. Gallic acid". The Biochemical Journal. 113 (3): 537–542. doi:10.1042/bj1130537. PMC 1184696. PMID 5807212.
^ Muir, R. M.; Ibáñez, A. M.; Uratsu, S. L.; Ingham, E. S.; Leslie, C. A.; McGranahan, G. H.; Batra, N.; Goyal, S.; Joseph, J.; Jemmis, E. D.; Dandekar, A. M. (2011). "Mechanism of gallic acid biosynthesis in bacteria (Escherichia coli) and walnut (Juglans regia)". Plant Molecular Biology. 75 (6): 555–565. doi:10.1007/s11103-011-9739-3. PMC 3057006. PMID 21279669.

[1] Banwell, M. G.; Edwards, A. J.; Essers, M.; Jolliffe, K. A. (2003). "Conversion of (−)-3-Dehydroshikimic Acid into Derivatives of the (+)-Enantiomer". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 68 (17): 6839–6841. doi:10.1021/jo034689c. PMID 12919063.

[2] Gallic acid pathway on metacyc.org

[3] Dewick, P. M.; Haslam, E. (1969). "Phenol biosynthesis in higher plants. Gallic acid". The Biochemical Journal. 113 (3): 537–542. doi:10.1042/bj1130537. PMC 1184696. PMID 5807212.

[4] Muir, R. M.; Ibáñez, A. M.; Uratsu, S. L.; Ingham, E. S.; Leslie, C. A.; McGranahan, G. H.; Batra, N.; Goyal, S.; Joseph, J.; Jemmis, E. D.; Dandekar, A. M. (2011). "Mechanism of gallic acid biosynthesis in bacteria (Escherichia coli) and walnut (Juglans regia)". Plant Molecular Biology. 75 (6): 555–565. doi:10.1007/s11103-011-9739-3. PMC 3057006. PMID 21279669.

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