Lava coil

A lava coil is a spiral or scroll-shaped lava formation occurring when relatively low viscosity lava such as Pahoehoe solidifies along a slow-moving shear zone in the flow. The shear produces a Kelvin–Helmholtz instability that forms spiral-shaped patterns. Depending on the side of the flow the spiral is clockwise or anti-clockwise. They have been observed on flows near Kilauea on Hawai'i,^[1] in Kenya^[2] and possibly on Mars.^[3]

Lava Coils on Earth and Mars
Surface of December 31, 1974 pahoehoe northeast of Pu‘u Koa ́e, Hawaii. Lava coil is 10 m diameter.
Spirals interpreted to be lava coils^[3] on the surface of a Martian lava lake in Cerberus Palus. Field of view is about 500 m.

References

^ Dallas Peck, Lava coils of some recent historic flows, Hawaii. Geological Survey Research, B148-B151 1966
^ Temperley BN (1966) Vortex exudation coils on a recent basaltic lava in Kenya. Overseas Geol Mineral. Resour. 10:42-46
^ ^a ^b Ryan, A. J.; Christensen, P. R. (26 April 2012). "Coils and Polygonal Crust in the Athabasca Valles Region, Mars, as Evidence for a Volcanic History". Science. 336 (6080): 449–452. Bibcode:2012Sci...336..449R. doi:10.1126/science.1219437. PMID 22539716. S2CID 39352082.

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[1] Dallas Peck, Lava coils of some recent historic flows, Hawaii. Geological Survey Research, B148-B151 1966

[2] Temperley BN (1966) Vortex exudation coils on a recent basaltic lava in Kenya. Overseas Geol Mineral. Resour. 10:42-46

[ryan-christensen-1-3] Ryan, A. J.; Christensen, P. R. (26 April 2012). "Coils and Polygonal Crust in the Athabasca Valles Region, Mars, as Evidence for a Volcanic History". Science. 336 (6080): 449–452. Bibcode:2012Sci...336..449R. doi:10.1126/science.1219437. PMID 22539716. S2CID 39352082.

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