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'''''Dialium guianense''''' is a species of [[tree]] in the [[flowering plant]] family [[Fabaceae]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Ironwood - Encyclopedia of Life|url=https://eol.org/pages/639669|access-date=2021-09-24|website=eol.org}}</ref> The species occurs through both Central America and South America, and was an important source of food and wood for the ancient [[Maya peoples|Mayans]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Chazdon|first=Robin L.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EYhFAwAAQBAJ |
'''''Dialium guianense''''' is a species of [[tree]] in the [[flowering plant]] family [[Fabaceae]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Ironwood - Encyclopedia of Life|url=https://eol.org/pages/639669|access-date=2021-09-24|website=eol.org}}</ref> The species occurs through both Central America and South America, and was an important source of food and wood for the ancient [[Maya peoples|Mayans]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Chazdon|first=Robin L.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EYhFAwAAQBAJ&dq=Dialium+guianense&pg=PA433|title=Second Growth: The Promise of Tropical Forest Regeneration in an Age of Deforestation|date=2014-05-23|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-11810-9|pages=18|language=en}}</ref> |
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== Common names == |
== Common names == |
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In English the common name for this species is [[ironwood]], a name shared with many other plants.<ref name=":1" /> In Mexico the common name is '''Guapaque'''.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Paoletti|first=M. G.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-2O1DwAAQBAJ |
In English the common name for this species is [[ironwood]], a name shared with many other plants.<ref name=":1" /> In Mexico the common name is '''Guapaque'''.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Paoletti|first=M. G.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-2O1DwAAQBAJ&dq=Dialium+guianense&pg=PA637|title=Ecological Implications of Minilivestock: Potential of Insects, Rodents, Frogs and Sails|date=2005-01-07|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-4822-9443-9|pages=51|language=en}}</ref> In Colombia the common name is '''Granadillo''' or '''Tamarindo de montaña''' (literally "Mountain tamarind").<ref>{{Cite book|last=Quattrocchi|first=Umberto|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6YIJqE3Qep0C&dq=Arouna+guianensis&pg=PA761|title=CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology|date=1999-11-23|publisher=Taylor & Francis US|isbn=978-0-8493-2676-9|pages=761–762|language=en}}</ref> |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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''Dialium guianense'' is a broad or compound leafed tree growing up to {{Convert|31-35|m|abbr=on}} tall.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Cook|first=Suzanne|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dgDNCwAAQBAJ |
''Dialium guianense'' is a broad or compound leafed tree growing up to {{Convert|31-35|m|abbr=on}} tall.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Cook|first=Suzanne|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dgDNCwAAQBAJ&dq=Dialium+guianense&pg=PA267|title=The Forest of the Lacandon Maya: An Ethnobotanical Guide|date=2016-03-15|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4614-9111-8|pages=267|language=en}}</ref> It bears a single seeded (rarely, two seeded) edible fruit; the taste is said to be similar to [[tamarind]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Roth|first=Ingrid|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4ULvCAAAQBAJ&dq=Dialium+guianense&pg=PA102|title=Stratification of a tropical forest as seen in dispersal types|date=2012-12-06|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-94-009-4826-6|pages=94|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> |
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== Distribution and habitat == |
== Distribution and habitat == |
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It is from [[South America]] to [[Central America]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Mansfeld|first=Rudolf|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=10IMFSavIMsC |
It is from [[South America]] to [[Central America]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Mansfeld|first=Rudolf|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=10IMFSavIMsC&dq=Dialium+guianense&pg=PA554|title=Mansfeld's Encyclopedia of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: (Except Ornamentals)|date=2001-04-10|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-3-540-41017-1|pages=554|language=en}}</ref> |
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It is native to [[Belize]], [[Bolivia]], [[Brazil]], [[Colombia]], [[Costa Rica]], [[Ecuador]], [[Guatemala]], [[Guyana]], [[Honduras]], [[Mexico]], [[Nicaragua]], [[Panama|Panamá]], [[Peru]], [[Suriname]], [[Venezuela]] as well as the territory of [[French Guiana]]. The species was also introduced to [[Cuba]] and [[Puerto Rico]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dialium guianense (Aubl.) Sandwith {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science|url=http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:78900-2|access-date=2021-09-24|website=Plants of the World Online|language=en}}</ref> |
It is native to [[Belize]], [[Bolivia]], [[Brazil]], [[Colombia]], [[Costa Rica]], [[Ecuador]], [[Guatemala]], [[Guyana]], [[Honduras]], [[Mexico]], [[Nicaragua]], [[Panama|Panamá]], [[Peru]], [[Suriname]], [[Venezuela]] as well as the territory of [[French Guiana]]. The species was also introduced to [[Cuba]] and [[Puerto Rico]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dialium guianense (Aubl.) Sandwith {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science|url=http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:78900-2|access-date=2021-09-24|website=Plants of the World Online|language=en}}</ref> |
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In Suriname the species regularly occurs in humid forests.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Roth|first=Ingrid|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4ULvCAAAQBAJ |
In Suriname the species regularly occurs in humid forests.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Roth|first=Ingrid|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4ULvCAAAQBAJ&dq=Dialium+guianense&pg=PA102|title=Stratification of a tropical forest as seen in dispersal types|date=2012-12-06|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-94-009-4826-6|pages=156|language=en}}</ref> In Belize the species is abundant in swampy forests but it can also be found in dry areas.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bridgewater|first=Samuel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Domy6igYAMYC&dq=Dialium+guianense&pg=PA86|title=A Natural History of Belize: Inside the Maya Forest|date=2012-01-20|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=978-0-292-73901-7|pages=88|language=en}}</ref> |
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== Uses == |
== Uses == |
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The wood from the trees were valued for the construction of railroads, fence posts, and house frames.<ref>{{Cite book| |
The wood from the trees were valued for the construction of railroads, fence posts, and house frames.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Balick|first1=Michael J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A4RMCAAAQBAJ&dq=Dialium+guianense&pg=PA303|title=Messages from the Gods: A Guide to the Useful Plants of Belize|last2=Arvigo|first2=Rosita|date=2015-04-30|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-935913-4|pages=303|language=en}}</ref> It has also been used for flooring and bridges.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Grandtner|first1=M. M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XALRl1qzcLMC&dq=Arouna+guianensis&pg=PA732|title=Dictionary of Trees, Volume 2: South America: Nomenclature, Taxonomy and Ecology|last2=Chevrette|first2=Julien|date=2013-09-21|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-12-396954-5|pages=198|language=en}}</ref> In Mexico the tree valued as a source for food.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Plotkin|first1=Mark|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qllv2oHkYjkC&dq=Dialium+guianense&pg=PA133|title=Sustainable Harvest and Marketing of Rain Forest Products|last2=Famolare|first2=Lisa|date=July 1992|publisher=Island Press|isbn=978-1-55963-169-3|pages=133–134|language=en}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 11:10, 15 December 2021
| Dialium guianense | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Genus: | Dialium |
| Species: | D. guianense
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| Binomial name | |
| Dialium guianense (Aubl.) Sandwith
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| Synonyms | |
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Dialium guianense is a species of tree in the flowering plant family Fabaceae.[1] The species occurs through both Central America and South America, and was an important source of food and wood for the ancient Mayans.[2]
Common names
In English the common name for this species is ironwood, a name shared with many other plants.[1] In Mexico the common name is Guapaque.[3] In Colombia the common name is Granadillo or Tamarindo de montaña (literally "Mountain tamarind").[4]
Description
Dialium guianense is a broad or compound leafed tree growing up to 31–35 m (102–115 ft) tall.[1][5] It bears a single seeded (rarely, two seeded) edible fruit; the taste is said to be similar to tamarind.[6][5]
Distribution and habitat
It is from South America to Central America.[7]
It is native to Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panamá, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela as well as the territory of French Guiana. The species was also introduced to Cuba and Puerto Rico.[8]
In Suriname the species regularly occurs in humid forests.[9] In Belize the species is abundant in swampy forests but it can also be found in dry areas.[10]
Uses
The wood from the trees were valued for the construction of railroads, fence posts, and house frames.[11] It has also been used for flooring and bridges.[12] In Mexico the tree valued as a source for food.[13]
References
- ^ a b c "Ironwood - Encyclopedia of Life". eol.org. Retrieved 2021-09-24.
- ^ Chazdon, Robin L. (2014-05-23). Second Growth: The Promise of Tropical Forest Regeneration in an Age of Deforestation. University of Chicago Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-226-11810-9.
- ^ Paoletti, M. G. (2005-01-07). Ecological Implications of Minilivestock: Potential of Insects, Rodents, Frogs and Sails. CRC Press. p. 51. ISBN 978-1-4822-9443-9.
- ^ Quattrocchi, Umberto (1999-11-23). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology. Taylor & Francis US. pp. 761–762. ISBN 978-0-8493-2676-9.
- ^ a b Cook, Suzanne (2016-03-15). The Forest of the Lacandon Maya: An Ethnobotanical Guide. Springer. p. 267. ISBN 978-1-4614-9111-8.
- ^ Roth, Ingrid (2012-12-06). Stratification of a tropical forest as seen in dispersal types. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 94. ISBN 978-94-009-4826-6.
- ^ Mansfeld, Rudolf (2001-04-10). Mansfeld's Encyclopedia of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: (Except Ornamentals). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 554. ISBN 978-3-540-41017-1.
- ^ "Dialium guianense (Aubl.) Sandwith | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2021-09-24.
- ^ Roth, Ingrid (2012-12-06). Stratification of a tropical forest as seen in dispersal types. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 156. ISBN 978-94-009-4826-6.
- ^ Bridgewater, Samuel (2012-01-20). A Natural History of Belize: Inside the Maya Forest. University of Texas Press. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-292-73901-7.
- ^ Balick, Michael J.; Arvigo, Rosita (2015-04-30). Messages from the Gods: A Guide to the Useful Plants of Belize. Oxford University Press. p. 303. ISBN 978-0-19-935913-4.
- ^ Grandtner, M. M.; Chevrette, Julien (2013-09-21). Dictionary of Trees, Volume 2: South America: Nomenclature, Taxonomy and Ecology. Academic Press. p. 198. ISBN 978-0-12-396954-5.
- ^ Plotkin, Mark; Famolare, Lisa (July 1992). Sustainable Harvest and Marketing of Rain Forest Products. Island Press. pp. 133–134. ISBN 978-1-55963-169-3.