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{{Short description|Clade of gastropods}}
{{Short description|Clade of gastropods}}
{{Outdated as of | year = 2020 | month = 04 | day = 29 }}
{{Automatic Taxobox
{{Automatic Taxobox
| name = Eupulmonata
| name = Eupulmonata
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'''Eupulmonata''' is a [[Taxonomy (biology)|taxonomic]] [[clade]] of air-breathing [[snail]]s. The great majority of this group are land snails and [[slugs]], but some are [[marine (ocean)|marine]] and some are saltmarsh snails that can tolerate salty conditions.
'''Eupulmonata''' is a [[Taxonomy (biology)|taxonomic]] [[clade]] of air-breathing [[snail]]s. The great majority of this group are land snails and [[slugs]], but some are [[marine (ocean)|marine]] and some are saltmarsh snails that can tolerate salty conditions.


Possible synapomorphy of the group are [[globineurons]] (small cells) in the [[procerebrum]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Krug |first=Patrick J. |last2=Caplins |first2=Serena A. |last3=Algoso |first3=Krisha |last4=Thomas |first4=Kanique |last5=Valdés |first5=Ángel A. |last6=Wade |first6=Rachael |last7=Wong |first7=Nur Leena W. S. |last8=Eernisse |first8=Douglas J. |last9=Kocot |first9=Kevin M. |date=2022-04-13 |title=Phylogenomic resolution of the root of Panpulmonata, a hyperdiverse radiation of gastropods: new insight into the evolution of air breathing |url=https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2021.1855 |journal=[[Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences]] |language=en |volume=289 |issue=1972 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2021.1855 |issn=0962-8452 |pmc=PMC8984808 |pmid=35382597}}</ref>
==Linnean taxonomy==
*Suborder Eupulmonata <small>Haszprunar & Huber, 1990</small>
**Infraorder [[Acteophila]] <small>[[W.H. Dall|Dall]], 1885</small> (= formerly Archaeopulmonata)
***Superfamily [[Melampoidea]] <small>Stimpson, 1851</small>
**Infraorder [[Trimusculiformes]] <small>Minichev & Starobogatov, 1975</small>
***Superfamily [[Trimusculoidea]] <small>Zilch, 1959</small>
**Infraorder [[Stylommatophora]] <small>A. Schmidt, 1856</small> (land snails)
***Subinfraorder [[Orthurethra]]
****Superfamily [[Achatinelloidea]] <small>Gulick, 1873</small>
****Superfamily [[Cochlicopoidea]] <small>Pilsbry, 1900</small>
****Superfamily [[Partuloidea]] <small>Pilsbry, 1900</small>
****Superfamily [[Pupilloidea]] <small>Turton, 1831</small>
***Subinfraorder [[Sigmurethra]]
****Superfamily [[Acavoidea]] <small>Pilsbry, 1895</small>
****Superfamily [[Achatinoidea]] <small>Swainson, 1840</small>
****Superfamily [[Aillyoidea]] <small>Baker, 1960</small>
****Superfamily [[Arionoidea]] <small>[[John Edward Gray|J.E. Gray]] in Turnton, 1840</small>
****Superfamily [[Buliminoidea]] <small>Clessin, 1879</small>
****Superfamily [[Camaenoidea]] <small>Pilsbry, 1895</small>
****Superfamily [[Clausilioidea]] <small>[[Otto Andreas Lowson Mörch|Mörch]], 1864</small>
****Superfamily [[Dyakioidea]] <small>Gude & Woodward, 1921</small>
****Superfamily [[Gastrodontoidea]] <small>Tryon, 1866</small>
****Superfamily [[Helicoidea]] <small>[[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz|Rafinesque]], 1815</small>
****Superfamily [[Helixarionoidea]] <small>Bourguignat, 1877</small>
****Superfamily [[Limacoidea]] <small>[[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz|Rafinesque]], 1815</small>
****Superfamily [[Oleacinoidea]] <small>H. & A. Adams, 1855</small>
****Superfamily [[Orthalicoidea]] <small>Albers-Martens, 1860</small>
****Superfamily [[Plectopylidoidea]] <small>Moellendorf, 1900</small>
****Superfamily [[Polygyroidea]] <small>Pilsbry, 1894</small>
****Superfamily [[Punctoidea]] <small>Morse, 1864</small>
****Superfamily [[Rhytidoidea]] <small>Pilsbry, 1893</small>
****Superfamily [[Sagdidoidera]] <small>Pilsbry, 1895</small>
****Superfamily [[Staffordioidea]] <small>[[Johannes Thiele (zoologist)|Thiele]], 1931</small>
****Superfamily [[Streptaxoidea]] <small>[[John Edward Gray|J.E. Gray]], 1806</small>
****Superfamily [[Strophocheiloidea]] <small>[[Johannes Thiele (zoologist)|Thiele]], 1926</small>
****Superfamily [[Trigonochlamydoidea]] <small>Hese, 1882</small>
****Superfamily [[Zonitoidea]] <small>[[Otto Andreas Lowson Mörch|Mörch]], 1864</small>


Eyes positioned on the tips of the tentacles were considered a synapomorphy of a clade named Geophila (Stylommatophora + Systellommatophora), but a recent phylogenomic study<ref name=":0" /> found strong support for a clade uniting Ellobioidea (eyes at the base of tentacles) and Systelommatopohra (eyes on the tentacle tips). Stalked eyes thus likely evolved twice independently.
== 2005 taxonomy ==
In the [[taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)]] Eupulmonata is an unranked clade.<ref name="Bouchet">{{Bouchet 2005}}</ref>


==Taxonomy<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bouchet |first=Philippe |last2=Rocroi |first2=Jean-Pierre |last3=Hausdorf |first3=Bernhard |last4=Kaim |first4=Andrzej |last5=Kano |first5=Yasunori |last6=Nützel |first6=Alexander |last7=Parkhaev |first7=Pavel |last8=Schrödl |first8=Michael |last9=Strong |first9=Ellen E. |date=2017 |title=Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families |url=http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.4002/040.061.0201 |journal=[[Malacologia]] |language=en |volume=61 |issue=1-2 |pages=1–526 |doi=10.4002/040.061.0201 |issn=0076-2997}}</ref><ref name=":0" />==
=== Clade Eupulmonata ===
*Order [[Ellobiida]]
Contains the clades '''Systellommatophora''' and '''Stylommatophora'''
*Superfamily [[Trimusculoidea]]
**Superfamily [[Ellobioidea]] L. Pfeiffer, 1854
***[[Ellobiidae]] L. Pfeiffer, 1854
**Family [[Trimusculidae]]
***[[Otinidae]] H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855
*Superfamily [[Otinoidea]]
***[[Trimusculidae]] J. Q. Burch, 1945
**Family [[Otinidae]]
*Order [[Systellommatophora]]
**Family [[Smeagolidae]]
*Superfamily [[Ellobioidea]]
**Superfamily [[Onchidioidea]] Rafinesque, 1815
***[[Onchidiidae]] Rafinesque, 1815
**Family [[Ellobiidae]]
**Superfamily [[Veronicelloidea]] Gray, 1840

***[[Veronicellidae]] Gray, 1840
==== Clade [[Systellommatophora]] ([[Gymnomorpha]]) ====
***[[Rathouisiidae]] Heude, 1885
*Superfamily [[Onchidioidea]]
**Family [[Onchidiidae]]
*Order [[Stylommatophora]]
**(for inner division, see the Stylommatophora page)
*Superfamily [[Veronicelloidea]]
**Family [[Veronicellidae]]
**Family [[Rathouisiidae]]

==== Clade [[Stylommatophora]] ====
Contains the subclades '''Elasmognatha''', '''Orthurethra''' and the informal group '''Sigmurethra'''

==== Subclade [[Elasmognatha]] ====
*Superfamily [[Succineoidea]]
**Family [[Succineidae]]
*Superfamily [[Athoracophoroidea]]
**Family [[Athoracophoridae]]

==== Subclade [[Orthurethra]] ====
*Superfamily [[Partuloidea]]
**Family [[Partulidae]]
**Family [[Draparnaudiidae]]
*Superfamily [[Achatinelloidea]]
**Family [[Achatinellidae]]
*Superfamily [[Cochlicopoidea]]
**Family [[Cochlicopidae]]
**Family [[Amastridae]]
*Superfamily [[Pupilloidea]]
**Family [[Pupillidae]]
**Family [[Argnidae]]
**Family [[Chondrinidae]]
** † Family [[Cylindrellinidae]]
**Family [[Lauriidae]]
**Family [[Orculidae]]
**Family [[Pleurodiscidae]]
**Family [[Pyramidulidae]]
**Family [[Spelaeodiscidae]]
**Family [[Strobilopsidae]]
**Family [[Valloniidae]]
**Family [[Vertiginidae]]
*Superfamily [[Enoidea]]
**Family [[Enidae]]
**Family [[Cerastidae]]

==== Informal Group [[Sigmurethra]] ====
*Superfamily [[Clausilioidea]]
**Family [[Clausiliidae]]
** † Family [[Anadromidae]]
** † Family [[Filholiidae]]
** † Family [[Palaeostoidae]]
*Superfamily [[Orthalicoidea]]
**Family [[Orthalicidae]]
**Family [[Cerionidae]]
**Family [[Coelociontidae]]
** † Family [[Grangerellidae]]
**Family [[Megaspiridae]]
**Family [[Placostylidae]]
**Family [[Urocoptidae]]
*Superfamily [[Achatinoidea]]
**Family [[Achatinidae]]
**Family [[Ferussaciidae]]
**Family [[Micractaeonidae]]
**Family [[Subulinidae]]
*Superfamily [[Aillyoidea]]
**Family [[Aillyidae]]
*Superfamily [[Testacelloidea]]
**Family [[Testacellidae]]
**Family [[Oleacinidae]]
**Family [[Spiraxidae]]
*Superfamily [[Papillodermatoidea]]
**Family [[Papillodermatidae]]
*Superfamily [[Streptaxoidea]]
**Family [[Streptaxidae]]
*Superfamily [[Rhytidoidea]]
**Family [[Rhytididae]]
**Family [[Chlamydephoridae]]
**Family [[Haplotrematidae]]
**Family [[Scolodontidae]]
*Superfamily [[Acavoidea]]
**Family [[Acavidae]]
**Family [[Caryodidae]]
**Family [[Dorcasiidae]]
**Family [[Macrocyclidae]]
**Family [[Megomphicidae]]
**Family [[Strophocheilidae]]
*Superfamily [[Punctoidea]]
**Family [[Punctidae]]
** † Family [[Anastomopsidae]]
**Family [[Charopidae]]
**Family [[Cystopeltidae]]
**Family [[Discidae]]
**Family [[Endodontidae]]
**Family [[Helicodiscidae]]
**Family [[Oreohelicidae]]
**Family [[Thyrophorellidae]]
*Superfamily [[Sagdoidea]]
**Family [[Sagdidae]]

==== ''"[[Limacoid clade]]"'' ====
*Superfamily [[Staffordioidea]]
**Family [[Staffordiidae]]
*Superfamily Dyakioidea
**Family [[Dyakiidae]]
*Superfamily [[Gastrodontoidea]]
**Family [[Gastrodontidae]]
**Family [[Chronidae]]
**Family [[Euconulidae]]
**Family [[Oxychilidae]]
**Family [[Pristilomatidae]]
**Family [[Trochomorphidae]]
**Fossil taxa probably belonging to the Gastrodontoidea
***Subfamily † Archaeozonitinae
***Subfamily † Grandipatulinae
***Subfamily † Palaeoxestininae
*Superfamily [[Parmacelloidea]]
**Family [[Parmacellidae]]
**Family [[Milacidae]]
**Family [[Trigonochlamydidae]]
*Superfamily [[Zonitoidea]]
**Family [[Zonitidae]]
*Superfamily [[Helicarionoidea]]
**Family [[Helicarionidae]]
**Family [[Ariophantidae]]
**Family [[Urocyclidae]]
*Superfamily [[Limacoidea]]
**Family [[Limacidae]]
**Family [[Agriolimacidae]]
**Family [[Boettgerillidae]]
**Family [[Vitrinidae]]
*Superfamily [[Arionoidea]]
**Family [[Arionidae]]
**Family [[Anadenidae]]
**Family [[Ariolimacidae]]
**Family [[Binneyidae]]
**Family [[Oopeltidae]]
**Family [[Philomycidae]]
*Superfamily [[Helicoidea]]
**Family [[Helicidae]]
**Family [[Bradybaenidae]]
**Family [[Camaenidae]]
**Family [[Cepolidae (gastropods)|Cepolidae]]
**Family [[Cochlicellidae]]
**Family [[Elonidae]]
**Family [[Epiphragmophoridae]]
**Family [[Halolimnohelicidae]]
**Family [[Helicodontidae]]
**Family [[Helminthoglyptidae]]
**Family [[Humboldtianidae]]
**Family [[Hygromiidae]]
**Family [[Monadeniidae]]
**Family [[Pleurodontidae]]
**Family [[Polygyridae]]
**Family [[Sphincterochilidae]]
**Family [[Thysanophoridae]]
**Family [[Trissexodontidae]]
**Family [[Xanthonychidae]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 11:11, 5 August 2023

Eupulmonata
Cepaea nemoralis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subcohort: Panpulmonata
Superorder: Eupulmonata
Haszprunar & Huber, 1990
Clades

clade Systellommatophora
clade Stylommatophora

Eupulmonata is a taxonomic clade of air-breathing snails. The great majority of this group are land snails and slugs, but some are marine and some are saltmarsh snails that can tolerate salty conditions.

Possible synapomorphy of the group are globineurons (small cells) in the procerebrum.[1]

Eyes positioned on the tips of the tentacles were considered a synapomorphy of a clade named Geophila (Stylommatophora + Systellommatophora), but a recent phylogenomic study[1] found strong support for a clade uniting Ellobioidea (eyes at the base of tentacles) and Systelommatopohra (eyes on the tentacle tips). Stalked eyes thus likely evolved twice independently.

Taxonomy[2][1]

References

  1. ^ a b c Krug, Patrick J.; Caplins, Serena A.; Algoso, Krisha; Thomas, Kanique; Valdés, Ángel A.; Wade, Rachael; Wong, Nur Leena W. S.; Eernisse, Douglas J.; Kocot, Kevin M. (2022-04-13). "Phylogenomic resolution of the root of Panpulmonata, a hyperdiverse radiation of gastropods: new insight into the evolution of air breathing". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 289 (1972). doi:10.1098/rspb.2021.1855. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 8984808. PMID 35382597.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
  2. ^ Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Hausdorf, Bernhard; Kaim, Andrzej; Kano, Yasunori; Nützel, Alexander; Parkhaev, Pavel; Schrödl, Michael; Strong, Ellen E. (2017). "Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families". Malacologia. 61 (1–2): 1–526. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201. ISSN 0076-2997.
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