Marun Al Naqqash: Difference between revisions
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Following the completion of his studies Al Naqqash began to work as a chief clerk at the customs department and became a member of the chamber of commerce in Beirut.<ref name=matti/> He traveled to Damascus, Aleppo and Egypt for business.<ref name=rem16/><ref name=badawi/> In 1846 he went to Italy where he was introduced the Italian theatre and opera.<ref name=rem16/> After he returned to Lebanon he translated ''[[The Miser]]'', a play by [[Molière]], into Arabic and published it with the title ''Al-bakhīl'' in 1847 which was the first Arabic play text.<ref name=rem16>{{cite encyclopedia|author=Lovisa Berg|title=Al-Naqqāsh, Mārūn (55-1817) مارون النقاش|doi=10.4324/9781135000356-REM1029-1|encyclopedia=Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism|url=https://www.rem.routledge.com/articles/al-naqqash-marun-1817-55|year=2016}}</ref><ref name=badawi/> ''Al-bakhīl'' was written in the [[standard Arabic]]<ref>{{cite journal|author=Gunvor Mejdell|title=Et Dukkehjem in Arabic Translation|journal=[[Ibsen Studies]]|year=2017|volume=17|issue=1|page=29|doi=10.1080/15021866.2017.1308170|hdl=10852/59655|s2cid=171471593|hdl-access=free}}</ref> and in verse rather than in prose which made it ready for musical performance.<ref name=matti/> It was staged in 1847.<ref name=adamm>{{cite book |
Following the completion of his studies Al Naqqash began to work as a chief clerk at the customs department and became a member of the chamber of commerce in Beirut.<ref name=matti/> He traveled to Damascus, Aleppo and Egypt for business.<ref name=rem16/><ref name=badawi/> In 1846 he went to Italy where he was introduced the Italian theatre and opera.<ref name=rem16/> After he returned to Lebanon he translated ''[[The Miser]]'', a play by [[Molière]], into Arabic and published it with the title ''Al-bakhīl'' in 1847 which was the first Arabic play text.<ref name=rem16>{{cite encyclopedia|author=Lovisa Berg|title=Al-Naqqāsh, Mārūn (55-1817) مارون النقاش|doi=10.4324/9781135000356-REM1029-1|encyclopedia=Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism|url=https://www.rem.routledge.com/articles/al-naqqash-marun-1817-55|year=2016}}</ref><ref name=badawi/> ''Al-bakhīl'' was written in the [[standard Arabic]]<ref>{{cite journal|author=Gunvor Mejdell|title=Et Dukkehjem in Arabic Translation|journal=[[Ibsen Studies]]|year=2017|volume=17|issue=1|page=29|doi=10.1080/15021866.2017.1308170|hdl=10852/59655|s2cid=171471593|hdl-access=free}}</ref> and in verse rather than in prose which made it ready for musical performance.<ref name=matti/> It was staged in 1847.<ref name=adamm>{{cite book |
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|year=2017|author=Adam Mestyan|title=Arab Patriotism: The Ideology and Culture of Power in Late Ottoman Egypt|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/267/monograph/book/52242|location=Princeton, NJ; Oxford|isbn=9780691172644|pages=31-33}}</ref> |
|year=2017|author=Adam Mestyan|title=Arab Patriotism: The Ideology and Culture of Power in Late Ottoman Egypt|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/267/monograph/book/52242|location=Princeton, NJ; Oxford|isbn=9780691172644|pages=31-33}}</ref> The Ottoman [[Abdulmejid I|Sultan Abdulmejid]] got praised in the play.<ref>{{cite book|author=Stephan Guth|editor1=Johanna Chovanec|editor2=Olof Heilo |title=Narrated Empires. Modernity, Memory and Identity in South-East Europe|year=2021|publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]]|location=Cham|isbn=978-3-030-55199-5|page=125|chapter-url=https://doi-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55199-5_6|chapter=Arab Perspectives on the Late Ottoman Empire|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-55199-5_6}}</ref> |
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Al Naqqash also established a theatre near to his Beirut home after granting a permission from the Ottomans where ''Al-bakhīl'' was performed in 1847.<ref name=badawi>{{cite book|author=Muhammad Mustafa Badawi|author-link=Muhammad Mustafa Badawi|title=Early Arabic Drama|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=1988|isbn=978-0-521-34427-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QPyvY1nvFFMC&pg=PA43|location=Cambridge, UK|pages=43–44}}</ref> Then he produced two original plays. The first one was ''Abu Al Hasan al-Mughaffal aw Harun Al Rashid'' (Arabic: ''Abu Al Hasan the Gullible'' or ''the Caliph Harun Al Rashid'') which was an adaptation of the [[One Thousand and One Nights]] and was performed at his theatre in 1850.<ref name=matti/><ref name=adamm/> His last play was entitled ''Al Salit al-Hasud'' (Arabic: ''The Impudent and Jealous Young Man'') which was staged in 1852.<ref name=adamm/> |
Al Naqqash also established a theatre near to his Beirut home after granting a permission from the Ottomans where ''Al-bakhīl'' was performed in 1847.<ref name=badawi>{{cite book|author=Muhammad Mustafa Badawi|author-link=Muhammad Mustafa Badawi|title=Early Arabic Drama|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=1988|isbn=978-0-521-34427-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QPyvY1nvFFMC&pg=PA43|location=Cambridge, UK|pages=43–44}}</ref> Then he produced two original plays. The first one was ''Abu Al Hasan al-Mughaffal aw Harun Al Rashid'' (Arabic: ''Abu Al Hasan the Gullible'' or ''the Caliph Harun Al Rashid'') which was an adaptation of the [[One Thousand and One Nights]] and was performed at his theatre in 1850.<ref name=matti/><ref name=adamm/> His last play was entitled ''Al Salit al-Hasud'' (Arabic: ''The Impudent and Jealous Young Man'') which was staged in 1852.<ref name=adamm/> |
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Revision as of 18:32, 19 August 2023
| Born | Marun Mikhail Al Naqqash 9 February 1817 Sidon, Lebanon |
|---|---|
| Died | 1 June 1855 (aged 38) Tarsus, Mersin |
| Occupation | Businessman |
| Language | Arabic |
| Genre | Play |
| Years active | 1840s–1855 |
| Notable works | Al-bakhīl |
 Literature portal | |
Marun Al Naqqash (Arabic: مارون النقاش) (1855–1817) was a Sidon-born Maronite merchant who produced the first theatre play texts in Arabic language.
Early life and education
Al Naqqash was born in Sidon on 9 February 1817 into a Maronite family.[1] In 1825 his family moved to Beirut where he studied Arabic language, literature in addition to law and foreign languages, including French, Italian and Turkish.[1][2] He also involved in poetry, Oriental music and was educated as a bookkeeper.[1]
Career and activities
Following the completion of his studies Al Naqqash began to work as a chief clerk at the customs department and became a member of the chamber of commerce in Beirut.[1] He traveled to Damascus, Aleppo and Egypt for business.[2][3] In 1846 he went to Italy where he was introduced the Italian theatre and opera.[2] After he returned to Lebanon he translated The Miser, a play by Molière, into Arabic and published it with the title Al-bakhīl in 1847 which was the first Arabic play text.[2][3] Al-bakhīl was written in the standard Arabic[4] and in verse rather than in prose which made it ready for musical performance.[1] It was staged in 1847.[5] The Ottoman Sultan Abdulmejid got praised in the play.[6]
Al Naqqash also established a theatre near to his Beirut home after granting a permission from the Ottomans where Al-bakhīl was performed in 1847.[3] Then he produced two original plays. The first one was Abu Al Hasan al-Mughaffal aw Harun Al Rashid (Arabic: Abu Al Hasan the Gullible or the Caliph Harun Al Rashid) which was an adaptation of the One Thousand and One Nights and was performed at his theatre in 1850.[1][5] His last play was entitled Al Salit al-Hasud (Arabic: The Impudent and Jealous Young Man) which was staged in 1852.[5]
The content of Al Naqqash's plays was patriotic and loyal to the Ottoman Empire.[5] Al Naqaash also wrote political poems in which he praised the Ottoman Sultan Abdülmecid and the Egyptian governor.[5]
Personal life and death
His nephew, Salim Al Naqqash, also involved in theatre and formed a theatrical troupe.[3]
Al Naqqash went to Tarsus on 19 September 1854 for business where he died of fever on 1 June 1855 at age 38.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Matti Moosa (1972). "Naqqāsh and the Rise of the Native Arab Theatre in Syria". Journal of Arabic Literature. 3: 106–117. doi:10.1163/157006472X00062.
- ^ a b c d Lovisa Berg (2016). "Al-Naqqāsh, Mārūn (55-1817) مارون النقاش". Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism. doi:10.4324/9781135000356-REM1029-1.
- ^ a b c d Muhammad Mustafa Badawi (1988). Early Arabic Drama. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 43–44. ISBN 978-0-521-34427-2.
- ^ Gunvor Mejdell (2017). "Et Dukkehjem in Arabic Translation". Ibsen Studies. 17 (1): 29. doi:10.1080/15021866.2017.1308170. hdl:10852/59655. S2CID 171471593.
- ^ a b c d e Adam Mestyan (2017). Arab Patriotism: The Ideology and Culture of Power in Late Ottoman Egypt. Princeton, NJ; Oxford: Princeton University Press. pp. 31–33. ISBN 9780691172644.
- ^ Stephan Guth (2021). "Arab Perspectives on the Late Ottoman Empire". In Johanna Chovanec; Olof Heilo (eds.). Narrated Empires. Modernity, Memory and Identity in South-East Europe. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 125. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-55199-5_6. ISBN 978-3-030-55199-5.
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