Promoniliformis: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Genus of parasitic worms}} |
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#REDIRECT [[Moniliformidae]] |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}} |
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{{speciesbox |
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| image = |
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| image_caption = |
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| genus = Promoniliformis |
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| parent_authority = Schmidt and Edmonds, 1989<ref name="Schmidt1989" /> |
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| species = semoni |
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| authority = [[Robert-Philippe Dollfus|Dollfus]] and Golvan, 1963 |
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| synonyms = |
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}} |
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'''''Promoniliformis''''' is a [[Monotypic taxon|monotypic]] genus of [[acanthocephala]]ns (thorny-headed or spiny-headed [[Parasitism|parasitic]] worms) containing a single species, '''''Promoniliformis ovocristatus''''', that infests [[tenrecs]] in [[Madagascar]]. |
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==Taxonomy== |
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{{R from subtopic}} |
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{{R animal with possibilities}} |
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==Description== |
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| ⚫ | |||
The largest female was 222 mm long and 1.1 to 1.5 mm wide whereas the largest male was much smaller at 65 mm long and 0.85 to 1 mm wide. There is no pseudosegmentation as seen in ''Moniliformis'' species. The proboscis is 0.550 mm long and 0.250 to 0.300 mm wide at the widest point. The proboscis contains 20 to 24 longitudinal rows of 8 to 10 hooks each with the 4 or 5 superior hooks being large and possessing well-developed roots whereas the 4 or 5 inferior hooks are small and have reduced roots. The receptacle measures 0.550 to 0.650 mm long with a maximum width of 0.125 mm. It is the [[type species]].<ref name="Dollfus1963"/> |
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==Distribution== |
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The distribution of ''P. ovocristatus'' is determined by that of its hosts. ''A. ovocristatus'' has been found in [[Madagascar]].<ref name="Ribas2006"/> |
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==Hosts== |
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[[File:Acanthocephala LifeCycle lg.jpg|thumb|250px|alt=Diagram of the life cycle of Acanthocephala|Life cycle of Acanthocephala.<ref>{{cite web |
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| url = https://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/acanthocephaliasis/index.html |
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| title = Acanthocephaliasis |
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| last = CDC’s Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria |
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| date = April 11, 2019 |
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| website = www.cdc.gov |
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| publisher = [[Center for Disease Control]] |
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| access-date = July 17, 2023 |
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| quote = |
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| archive-date = 8 June 2023 |
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| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230608133736/https://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/acanthocephaliasis/index.html |
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| url-status = live |
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}}</ref>]] |
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The life cycle of an acanthocephalan consists of three stages beginning when an infective acanthor (development of an egg) is released from the intestines of the [[Host (biology)#Types of hosts|definitive host]] and then ingested by an arthropod, the [[Host (biology)#Types of hosts|intermediate host]]. Although the intermediate hosts of ''Australiformis'' are not known, without exception for the order [[Moniliformida]], this intermediate host is an insect. When the acanthor [[molt]]s, the second stage called the acanthella begins. This stage involves penetrating the wall of the [[mesenteron]] or the intestine of the intermediate host and growing. The final stage is the infective cystacanth which is the [[larva]]l or juvenile state of an Acanthocephalan, differing from the adult only in size and stage of sexual development. The cystacanths within the intermediate hosts are consumed by the definitive host, usually attaching to the walls of the intestines, and as adults they reproduce sexually in the intestines. The acanthor are passed in the [[feces]] of the definitive host and the cycle repeats. There are no known [[Host_(biology)#Types_of_hosts|paratenic hosts]] (hosts where parasites infest but do not undergo larval development or sexual reproduction) for ''Promoniliformis''.<ref>{{cite book |
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| last = Schmidt |
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| first = G.D. |
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| editor-last1 = Crompton |
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| editor-first1 = D.W.T. |
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| editor-last2 = Nickol |
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| editor-first2 = B.B. |
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| author-link = |
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| date = 1985 |
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| title = Biology of the Acanthocephala |
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| chapter = Development and life cycles |
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| url = https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/17218255.pdf |
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| location = Cambridge |
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| publisher = Cambridge Univ. Press |
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| pages = 273–305 |
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| isbn = |
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| access-date = 16 July 2023 |
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| archive-date = 22 July 2023 |
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| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230722191034/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/17218255.pdf |
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| url-status = live |
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}}</ref> |
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''P. ovocristatus'' has been found parasitizing [[tenrecs]]<ref name="Ribas2006">{{Cite book |doi = 10.1007/978-4-431-36025-4_5|chapter = Acanthocephalans|title = Micromammals and Macroparasites|pages = 81–89|year = 2006|last1 = Ribas|first1 = Alexis|last2 = Casanova|first2 = Juan Carlos|isbn = 978-4-431-36024-7}}</ref> including the [[tailless tenrec]] (''Tenrec ecaudatus'') and the [[lesser hedgehog tenrec]] (''Echinops telfairi''). |
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<gallery mode="packed" widths="180" caption="Hosts for ''Australiformis semoni''"> |
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File:Kleiner-igeltanrek-a.jpg|alt=Lesser hedgehog tenrec in profile on sand|The [[Lesser hedgehog tenrec]] is a host of ''P. ovocristatus.'' |
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File:Tanrek.jpg|alt=Tailless tenrec on the forest floor|[[Tailless tenrec]] is a host of ''P. ovocristatus.'' |
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</gallery> |
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== Notes == |
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{{Notelist}} |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from1=|from2=}} |
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| ⚫ | |||
[[Category:Monotypic protostome genera]] |
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Revision as of 19:44, 16 December 2023
| Promoniliformis | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Acanthocephala |
| Class: | Archiacanthocephala |
| Order: | Moniliformida |
| Family: | Moniliformidae |
| Genus: | Promoniliformis Schmidt and Edmonds, 1989[1] |
| Species: | P. semoni
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| Binomial name | |
| Promoniliformis semoni Dollfus and Golvan, 1963
| |
Promoniliformis is a monotypic genus of acanthocephalans (thorny-headed or spiny-headed parasitic worms) containing a single species, Promoniliformis ovocristatus, that infests tenrecs in Madagascar.
Taxonomy
Description
The largest female was 222 mm long and 1.1 to 1.5 mm wide whereas the largest male was much smaller at 65 mm long and 0.85 to 1 mm wide. There is no pseudosegmentation as seen in Moniliformis species. The proboscis is 0.550 mm long and 0.250 to 0.300 mm wide at the widest point. The proboscis contains 20 to 24 longitudinal rows of 8 to 10 hooks each with the 4 or 5 superior hooks being large and possessing well-developed roots whereas the 4 or 5 inferior hooks are small and have reduced roots. The receptacle measures 0.550 to 0.650 mm long with a maximum width of 0.125 mm. It is the type species.[2]
Distribution
The distribution of P. ovocristatus is determined by that of its hosts. A. ovocristatus has been found in Madagascar.[3]
Hosts
The life cycle of an acanthocephalan consists of three stages beginning when an infective acanthor (development of an egg) is released from the intestines of the definitive host and then ingested by an arthropod, the intermediate host. Although the intermediate hosts of Australiformis are not known, without exception for the order Moniliformida, this intermediate host is an insect. When the acanthor molts, the second stage called the acanthella begins. This stage involves penetrating the wall of the mesenteron or the intestine of the intermediate host and growing. The final stage is the infective cystacanth which is the larval or juvenile state of an Acanthocephalan, differing from the adult only in size and stage of sexual development. The cystacanths within the intermediate hosts are consumed by the definitive host, usually attaching to the walls of the intestines, and as adults they reproduce sexually in the intestines. The acanthor are passed in the feces of the definitive host and the cycle repeats. There are no known paratenic hosts (hosts where parasites infest but do not undergo larval development or sexual reproduction) for Promoniliformis.[5]
P. ovocristatus has been found parasitizing tenrecs[3] including the tailless tenrec (Tenrec ecaudatus) and the lesser hedgehog tenrec (Echinops telfairi).
- Hosts for Australiformis semoni
-
The Lesser hedgehog tenrec is a host of P. ovocristatus. -
Tailless tenrec is a host of P. ovocristatus.
Notes
References
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Schmidt1989was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Dollfus1963was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b Ribas, Alexis; Casanova, Juan Carlos (2006). "Acanthocephalans". Micromammals and Macroparasites. pp. 81–89. doi:10.1007/978-4-431-36025-4_5. ISBN 978-4-431-36024-7.
- ^ CDC’s Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria (11 April 2019). "Acanthocephaliasis". www.cdc.gov. Center for Disease Control. Archived from the original on 8 June 2023. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
- ^ Schmidt, G.D. (1985). "Development and life cycles". In Crompton, D.W.T.; Nickol, B.B. (eds.). Biology of the Acanthocephala (PDF). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. pp. 273–305. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.