Preureteric vena cava: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Congenital disorder of urinary system}} |
{{short description|Congenital disorder of urinary system}} |
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A '''preureteric vena cava''', also known as a retrocaval ureter, is a rare congenital malformation of the right human [[ureter]], in which the ureter passes behind the [[inferior vena cava]], causing compression possibly leading to [[hydronephrosis]]. The prevalence of this condition is approximately 1 per 1,000 persons, with males 2-3 times more likely than females to develop the condition. Symptoms often do not manifest until those with the condition are aged in their 20s or 30s. |
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|synonyms = Retrocaval ureter. Circumcaval ureter |
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'''Preureteric vena cava''' or '''retrocaval ureter''' is an uncommon [[congenital anomaly]] where the right [[ureter]] runs behind and medial to the [[inferior vena cava]] (IVC) due to [[Dysgenesis (embryology)|dysgenesis]] of the IVC. This abnormality has been diagnosed using [[computed tomography urography]] (CTU), [[nuclear scintigraphy]], [[ultrasound]], [[intravenous urography]], and [[magnetic resonance urography]] (MRU). When the illness manifests symptoms, surgery, either open or [[Laparoscopy|laparoscopic]], is used to treat it.<ref name="Lest we forget">{{cite journal | last=Bhattacharjee | first=Saikat | last2=Sanga | first2=Sunil | last3=Gupta | first3=Pooja | last4=George | first4=R.A. | title=Retrocaval ureter or preureteral vena cava: Lest we forget this rare cause of hydronephrosis | journal=Medical Journal Armed Forces India | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=72 | year=2016 | issn=0377-1237 | doi=10.1016/j.mjafi.2016.08.004 | pages=S77–S79}}</ref> |
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== Signs and symptoms == |
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The majority of patients who exhibit symptoms do so because of flank or [[abdominal pain]], which is typically caused by ureteric obstruction and related [[hydronephrosis]]. This pain can be intermittent, dull, and aching. [[Hematuria]] and recurrent [[Urinary tract infection|UTIs]] are possible presentations for some patients. [[Pyonephrosis]] and [[renal calculi]] could make the situation worse. A few cases are unintentionally discovered while doing radiographic imaging for other ailments.<ref name="Kyei Yeboah">{{cite journal | last=Kyei | first=M Y | last2=Yeboah | first2=E D | last3=Klufio | first3=G O | last4=Mensah | first4=J E | last5=Gepi-Atee | first5=S | last6=Zakpaa | first6=L | last7=Morton | first7=B | last8=Adusei | first8=B | title=Retrocaval Ureter: Two Case Reports | journal=Ghana Medical Journal | publisher=Ghana Medical Association | volume=45 | issue=4 | pmid=22359425 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3283090/ | access-date=January 21, 2024 | page=}}</ref> |
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== Treatment == |
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There are two types of surgical management available for the retrocaval ureter: open and [[Laparoscopy|laparoscopic]]. These consist of ureteroureteral [[reanastomosis]] over a double-[[J stent]] along with or with no resection of the stenotic retrocaval segment, division of the dilated [[renal pelvis]] alongside transposition and [[reanastomosis]], and ligation or transection of the IVC with or with no [[reanastomosis]].<ref name="Lest we forget"/> |
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== Epidemiology == |
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The prevalence is roughly 1 in 1500, with a 3:1 male-to-female ratio.<ref name="Lest we forget"/> |
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== See also == |
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* [[Hydronephrosis]] |
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* [[Inferior vena cava syndrome]] |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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* {{cite web |title=preureteric vena cava |url=http://medind.nic.in/maa/t10/i2/maat10i2p182.pdf |accessdate=15 July 2019}} |
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* {{cite journal |last1=Morganstern |first1=S. L. |last2=Seery |first2=W. H. |last3=Cole |first3=A. T. |title=Preureteric vena cava |journal=Urology |volume=9 |issue=6 |pages=664–666 |doi=10.1016/0090-4295(77)90317-x |pmid=883067 |issn=0090-4295|year=1977 }} |
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== Further reading == |
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* {{cite journal | last=Hassan | first=Radhiana | last2=Aziz | first2=Azian Abd | last3=Mohamed | first3=Siti Kamariah Che | title=Retrocaval Ureter: The Importance of Intravenous Urography | journal=The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences : MJMS | publisher=School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia | volume=18 | issue=4 | pmid=22589677 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3328936/ | access-date=January 21, 2024 | ref=none}} |
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* {{cite book | last=Carrion | first=Hernan | title=The Ureter | chapter=Retrocaval Ureter: Diagnosis and Management | publisher=Springer New York | publication-place=New York, NY | date=1981 | isbn=978-1-4612-5909-1 | doi=10.1007/978-1-4612-5907-7_30 | ref=none}} |
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== External links == |
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| ICD11 = {{ICD11|LB31.B}} |
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| ICD10 = {{ICD10|Q62.6}} |
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| MeshID = D064749 |
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| SNOMED CT = 95233002 |
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Revision as of 01:44, 21 January 2024
| Preureteric vena cava | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Retrocaval ureter. Circumcaval ureter |
| Specialty | Urology, obstetrics and gynaecology  |
Preureteric vena cava or retrocaval ureter is an uncommon congenital anomaly where the right ureter runs behind and medial to the inferior vena cava (IVC) due to dysgenesis of the IVC. This abnormality has been diagnosed using computed tomography urography (CTU), nuclear scintigraphy, ultrasound, intravenous urography, and magnetic resonance urography (MRU). When the illness manifests symptoms, surgery, either open or laparoscopic, is used to treat it.[1]
Signs and symptoms
The majority of patients who exhibit symptoms do so because of flank or abdominal pain, which is typically caused by ureteric obstruction and related hydronephrosis. This pain can be intermittent, dull, and aching. Hematuria and recurrent UTIs are possible presentations for some patients. Pyonephrosis and renal calculi could make the situation worse. A few cases are unintentionally discovered while doing radiographic imaging for other ailments.[2]
Treatment
There are two types of surgical management available for the retrocaval ureter: open and laparoscopic. These consist of ureteroureteral reanastomosis over a double-J stent along with or with no resection of the stenotic retrocaval segment, division of the dilated renal pelvis alongside transposition and reanastomosis, and ligation or transection of the IVC with or with no reanastomosis.[1]
Epidemiology
The prevalence is roughly 1 in 1500, with a 3:1 male-to-female ratio.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b c Bhattacharjee, Saikat; Sanga, Sunil; Gupta, Pooja; George, R.A. (2016). "Retrocaval ureter or preureteral vena cava: Lest we forget this rare cause of hydronephrosis". Medical Journal Armed Forces India. 72. Elsevier BV: S77–S79. doi:10.1016/j.mjafi.2016.08.004. ISSN 0377-1237.
- ^ Kyei, M Y; Yeboah, E D; Klufio, G O; Mensah, J E; Gepi-Atee, S; Zakpaa, L; Morton, B; Adusei, B. "Retrocaval Ureter: Two Case Reports". Ghana Medical Journal. 45 (4). Ghana Medical Association. PMID 22359425. Retrieved January 21, 2024.
Further reading
- Hassan, Radhiana; Aziz, Azian Abd; Mohamed, Siti Kamariah Che. "Retrocaval Ureter: The Importance of Intravenous Urography". The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences : MJMS. 18 (4). School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia. PMID 22589677. Retrieved January 21, 2024.
- Carrion, Hernan (1981). "Retrocaval Ureter: Diagnosis and Management". The Ureter. New York, NY: Springer New York. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-5907-7_30. ISBN 978-1-4612-5909-1.