Auguste Forel: Difference between revisions
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From [[`Abdu'l-Bahá]] he received a [[Tablet to Dr. Forel|letter]] about the differences between the mineral, vegetable, animal and human worlds, the spiritual nature of man and proofs of the existence of [[God in the Bahá'í Faith|God]]. |
From [[`Abdu'l-Bahá]] he received a [[Tablet to Dr. Forel|letter]] about the differences between the mineral, vegetable, animal and human worlds, the spiritual nature of man and proofs of the existence of [[God in the Bahá'í Faith|God]]. |
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==Scientific work== |
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His myrmecological five-volume ''magnum opus'', ''[[Le Monde Social des Fourmis]]'', was published in 1923. Donisthorpe heavily criticises it in the foreword to the 1927 edition of ''[[British Ants: their life history and classification]]'', saying of the work: |
His myrmecological five-volume ''magnum opus'', ''[[Le Monde Social des Fourmis]]'', was published in 1923. Donisthorpe heavily criticises it in the foreword to the 1927 edition of ''[[British Ants: their life history and classification]]'', saying of the work: |
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{{Quote|This, although in many ways a fine work, is somewhat disappointing in that it is not up to date, and that the opportunity has been made for airing the author's socialistic views. I should wish in particular to protest against the ants being employed as a supposed weapon in political controversy. In my opinion an entomological work is not the appropriate means for the introduction of political theories of any kind, still less for their glaring advertisement|[[Horace Donisthorpe]]<ref>''British Ants: their life history and classification'', 2nd Edition (1927)</ref>|}} |
{{Quote|This, although in many ways a fine work, is somewhat disappointing in that it is not up to date, and that the opportunity has been made for airing the author's socialistic views. I should wish in particular to protest against the ants being employed as a supposed weapon in political controversy. In my opinion an entomological work is not the appropriate means for the introduction of political theories of any kind, still less for their glaring advertisement|[[Horace Donisthorpe]]<ref>''British Ants: their life history and classification'', 2nd Edition (1927)</ref>|}} |
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He first described in 1877 the [[zona incerta]] area in the brain. He gave it this name as it a “region of which nothing certain can be said”.<ref>{{Cite DOI|10.1007/BF02041873}}</ref> |
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[[Forel International School]] is named after him. |
[[Forel International School]] is named after him. |
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Revision as of 11:22, 30 June 2009
Auguste Forel | |
|---|---|
| File:Forel.jpg Auguste-Henri Forel towards the end of his life | |
| Born | September 1, 1848 |
| Died | July 27, 1931 |
| Nationality | Switzerland |
| Known for | ants |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Myrmecology neuroanatomist psychiatrist |
Auguste-Henri Forel (September 1, 1848 – July 27, 1931) was a Swiss myrmecologist, neuroanatomist and psychiatrist, notable for his investigations into the brain structure of humans and ants. For example, he is considered a co-founder of the neuron theory.[1] Forel is also known for his early contributions to sexology.[2]
Biography
Born in LaGracieuse, near Morges, Switzerland, Forel had a diverse and mixed career as a thinker on many subjects. In the field of his psychiatric work he was a significant influence on Sigmund Freud[citation needed]. He was appointed professor of psychiatry in 1879 at the University of Zurich Medical School. He not only ran the Burghölzli asylum there, but continued to publish papers on insanity, prison reform, and social morality. Forel named his home as La Fourmilière —the Ant Colony.[3] Around 1900 Forel was a eugenicist.[4] Forel suffered a stroke that paralyzed his right side in 1912, but he taught himself to write with his left hand and was able to continue his studies. By 1914 he was a good friend of the eminent British entomologist Horace Donisthorpe, with whom he stayed in Switzerland;[5] his ardent socialist views frequently caused political arguments between the two. In 1920 he became a member of the Bahá'í Faith,[6] abandoning his earlier racist and socialist views saying,
This is the true religion of human social good, without dogmas or priests, uniting all men on this small terrestrial globe of ours. I have become a Bahá’í. May this religion live and prosper for the good of mankind; this is my most ardent wish
— Auguste Forel, [7]
From `Abdu'l-Bahá he received a letter about the differences between the mineral, vegetable, animal and human worlds, the spiritual nature of man and proofs of the existence of God.
He died in Yvorne at age 82.
Scientific work
His myrmecological five-volume magnum opus, Le Monde Social des Fourmis, was published in 1923. Donisthorpe heavily criticises it in the foreword to the 1927 edition of British Ants: their life history and classification, saying of the work:
This, although in many ways a fine work, is somewhat disappointing in that it is not up to date, and that the opportunity has been made for airing the author's socialistic views. I should wish in particular to protest against the ants being employed as a supposed weapon in political controversy. In my opinion an entomological work is not the appropriate means for the introduction of political theories of any kind, still less for their glaring advertisement
He first described in 1877 the zona incerta area in the brain. He gave it this name as it a “region of which nothing certain can be said”.[9]
Forel International School is named after him.
Works
Partial List
- Les Fourmis de la Suisse, Systématique, notices anatomiques et physiologiques, architecture, distribution géographique, nouvelles expériences et observations de moeurs. Bale, Genève, Lyon, H. Georg. (1874).
- Ameisen aus Sumatra, Java, Malacca und Ceylon. Gesammelt V.Prof. Dr. V. Buttel Reepen in den Jahren, 1911-1912. Zool. Jahrd.Jena Abt. F.Syst. 36: 1-148.(1913).
- Fourmis de Rhodesia, etc. recoltees par M. Arnold, le Dr. H. Brauns et K. Fikendey. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique. 57: 108-147.(1913).
- Le monde social des fourmis du globe comparé à celui de l’homme.Genève, Kundig, 1921-1923, 5 volumes (1921-1923).
References
- ^ 'Neuron theory, the cornerstone of neuroscience, on the centenary of the Nobel Prize award to Santiago Ram´on y Cajal' Francisco L´opez-Mu˜noz, Jes´us Boya, Cecilio Alamoa. Brain Research Bulletin 70 (2006) doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.07.010 391–405
- ^ "Auguste Forel - The First Swiss Sexologist". Retrieved 2008-02-23.
- ^ Sleigh, Charlotte (2007) Six legs better : a cultural history of myrmecology. The Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-8445-4
- ^ The Survival of the Fittest, Chapter II
- ^ The Entomologist's Record, vol XXV, Nos 1-2 (1915)
- ^ "Swiss Baha'is Celebrate 100 Years of Contributing to World Civilization". Baha'i Switzerland. National Spiritual Assembly of the Baha'is of Switzerland. 2003. Retrieved 2008-05-24.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Effendi, Shoghi (1944). God Passes By. Wilmette, Illinois, USA: Bahá'í Publishing Trust. ISBN 0-87743-020-9.p.375
- ^ British Ants: their life history and classification, 2nd Edition (1927)
- ^ Template:Cite DOI
- Parent, André (2003). "Auguste Forel on ants and neurology". The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques. 30 (3): 284–91. PMID 12945958.
{{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters:|laydate=,|laysource=, and|laysummary=(help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|quotes=ignored (help) - Akert, K (1993). "August Forel--cofounder of the neuron theory (1848-1931)". Brain Pathol. 3 (4): 425–30. doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.1993.tb00771.x. PMID 8293199.
{{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters:|laysummary=,|laydate=, and|laysource=(help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|quotes=ignored (help) - Nica-Udangiu, S. "[Auguste-Henri Forel (1848-1931)]". Revista de medicină internă, neurologie, psihiatrie, neurochirurgie, dermato-venerologie. Neurologie, psihiatrie, neurochirurgie. 32 (3): 227–32. PMID 2962260.
{{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters:|laydate=,|laysource=,|laysummary=, and|month=(help); Unknown parameter|quotes=ignored (help) - Bálint, I (1981). "[August Forel (1848-1931)]". Orvosi hetilap. 122 (38): 2359–61. PMID 7031560.
{{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters:|laydate=,|laysource=, and|laysummary=(help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|quotes=ignored (help) - STECK, H (1950). "[Commemoration of the birth of Auguste Forel.]". Schweizer Archiv für Neurologie und Psychiatrie. Archives suisses de neurologie et de psychiatrie. Archivio svizzero di neurologia e psichiatria. 65 (1–2): 421–5. PMID 15431005.
{{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters:|laydate=,|laysource=,|laysummary=, and|month=(help); Unknown parameter|quotes=ignored (help) - HERRLINGER, R (1951). "[Kokoschka's "portrait of professor Forel".]". Münchener medizinische Wochenschrift (1950). 93 (30): 1523–5. PMID 14863372.
{{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters:|laydate=,|laysource=, and|laysummary=(help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|quotes=ignored (help) - Kyle, R A (1978). "Auguste-Henri Forel". JAMA. 239 (26): 2762. doi:10.1001/jama.239.26.2762. PMID 349184.
{{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters:|laydate=,|laysource=, and|laysummary=(help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|quotes=ignored (help)