Paul Broca: Difference between revisions
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'''Pierre Paul Broca'''<ref name="pmid11860295">{{cite journal |author=Jay V |title=Pierre Paul Broca |journal=Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine |volume=126 |issue=3 |pages=250–1 |year=2002 |month=March |pmid=11860295 |
'''Pierre Paul Broca'''<ref name="pmid11860295">{{cite journal |author=Jay V |title=Pierre Paul Broca |journal=Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine |volume=126 |issue=3 |pages=250–1 |year=2002 |month=March |pmid=11860295 |url=http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0003-9985&volume=126&page=250}}</ref><ref name="pmid11692769">{{cite journal |author=Monod-Broca P |trans_title=Paul Broca: 1824-1880 |language=French |journal=Annales De Chirurgie |volume=126 |issue=8 |pages=801–7 |year=2001 |month=October |pmid=11692769}}</ref> (June 28, 1824 – July 9, 1880) was a [[France|French]] [[physician]], [[anatomist]], and [[anthropologist]]. He was born in [[Sainte-Foy-la-Grande]], [[Gironde]]. He is best known for his research on [[Broca's area]], a region of the [[frontal lobe]] that has been named after him. |
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==Education and research== |
==Education and research== |
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==References== |
==References== |
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==Literature== |
==Literature== |
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{{Wikisource1911Enc|Broca, Paul}} |
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Broca, Paul}} |
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* [[Renato M.E. Sabbatini]]: [http://www.cerebromente.org.br/n02/historia/psicocirg_i.htm The History of Psychosurgery]. [http://www.cerebromente.org.br/ Brain & Mind], September 1997. |
* [[Renato M.E. Sabbatini]]: [http://www.cerebromente.org.br/n02/historia/psicocirg_i.htm The History of Psychosurgery]. [http://www.cerebromente.org.br/ Brain & Mind], September 1997. |
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*{{cite journal |author=Androutsos G, Diamantis A |title=Paul Broca (1824-1880): founder of anthropology, pioneer of neurology and oncology |journal=Journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=557–64 |year=2007 |pmid=18067221}} |
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*{{Citation |
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*{{cite journal |author=Buckingham HW |title=The Marc Dax (1770-1837)/Paul Broca (1824-1880) controversy over priority in science: left hemisphere specificity for seat of articulate language and for lesions that cause aphemia |journal=Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics |volume=20 |issue=7-8 |pages=613–9 |year=2006 |pmid=17056493 |doi=10.1080/02699200500266703}} |
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|pmid = 18067221 |
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*{{cite journal |author=Monod-Broca P |trans_title=The other Paul Broca |language=French |journal=La Revue du Praticien |volume=56 |issue=8 |pages=923–5 |year=2006 |month=April |pmid=16764255}} |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18067221 |
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*{{cite journal |author=Finger S |title=Paul Broca (1824-1880) |journal=Journal of Neurology |volume=251 |issue=6 |pages=769–70 |year=2004 |month=June |pmid=15311362 |doi=10.1007/s00415-004-0456-6}} |
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|last=Androutsos |
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*{{cite journal |author=Wyplosz J |trans_title=Paul Broca: the protohistory of neurosurgery |language=French |journal=La Revue du Praticien |volume=53 |issue=9 |pages=937–40 |year=2003 |month=May |pmid=12816030}} |
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|first=G |
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*{{cite journal |author=Jay V |title=Pierre Paul Broca |journal=Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine |volume=126 |issue=3 |pages=250–1 |year=2002 |month=March |pmid=11860295 |url=http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0003-9985&volume=126&page=250}} |
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|last2=Diamantis |
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*{{cite journal |author=Clower WT, Finger S |title=Discovering trepanation: the contribution of Paul Broca |journal=Neurosurgery |volume=49 |issue=6 |pages=1417–25; discussion 1425–6 |year=2001 |month=December |pmid=11846942 |url=http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=0148-396X&volume=49&issue=6&spage=1417}} |
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|first2=A |
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*{{cite journal |author=Monod-Broca P |trans_title=Paul Broca: 1824-1880 |language=French |journal=Annales de Chirurgie |volume=126 |issue=8 |pages=801–7 |year=2001 |month=October |pmid=11692769}} |
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|publication-date= |
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*{{cite journal |author=Cowie SE |title=A place in history: Paul Broca and cerebral localization |journal=Journal of Investigative Surgery |volume=13 |issue=6 |pages=297–8 |year=2000 |pmid=11202005}} |
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|year= |
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*{{cite journal |author=Frédy D |trans_title=Paul Broca (1824-1880) |language=French |journal=Histoire Des Sciences Médicales |volume=30 |issue=2 |pages=199–208 |year=1996 |pmid=11624874}} |
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|title=Paul Broca (1824-1880): founder of anthropology, pioneer of neurology and oncology |
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*{{cite journal |author=Olry R, Nicolay X |trans_title=From Paul Broca to the long-term potentiation: the difficulties in confirming a limbic identity |language=French |journal=Histoire Des Sciences Médicales |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=199–203 |year=1994 |pmid=11640329}} |
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|volume=12 |
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*{{cite journal |author=Stone JL |title=Paul Broca and the first craniotomy based on cerebral localization |journal=Journal of Neurosurgery |volume=75 |issue=1 |pages=154–9 |year=1991 |month=July |pmid=2045905}} |
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|issue=4 |
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*{{cite journal |author=Harris LJ |title=Cerebral control for speech in right-handers and left-handers: an analysis of the views of Paul Broca, his contemporaries, and his successors |journal=Brain and Language |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=1–50 |year=1991 |month=January |pmid=2009444}} |
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|periodical=Journal of B.U.ON. : official journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology |
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*{{cite journal |author=Bendiner E |title=Paul Broca: adventurer in the recesses of the mind |journal=Hospital Practice |volume=21 |issue=11A |pages=104–12, 117, 120–1 passim |year=1986 |month=November |pmid=3097033}} |
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|pages=557–64 |
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*{{cite journal |author=Schiller F |title=Paul Broca and the history of aphasia |journal=Neurology |volume=33 |issue=5 |pages=667 |year=1983 |month=May |pmid=6341875}} |
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}} |
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*{{cite journal |author=Huard P, Aaron C, Askienazy S, Corlieu P, Fredy D, Vedrenne C |trans_title=The brain of Paul Broca (1824-1880). Correlation of pathological and computed tomography findings |language=French |journal=Journal De Radiologie |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=175–80 |year=1982 |month=March |pmid=7050373}} |
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*{{Citation |
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*{{cite journal |author=Lee DA |title=Paul Broca and the history of aphasia: Roland P. Mackay Award Essay, 1980 |journal=Neurology |volume=31 |issue=5 |pages=600–2 |year=1981 |month=May |pmid=7015163}} |
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|pmid = 17056493 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17056493 |
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|last=Buckingham |
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|first=Hugh W |
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|publication-date= |
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|year=2006 |
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|title=The Marc Dax (1770-1837)/Paul Broca (1824-1880) controversy over priority in science: left hemisphere specificity for seat of articulate language and for lesions that cause aphemia |
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|volume=20 |
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|issue=7-8 |
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|periodical=Clinical linguistics & phonetics |
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|pages=613–9 |
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|doi = 10.1080/02699200500266703 |
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|journal=Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 16764255 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16764255 |
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|last=Monod-Broca |
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|first=Philippe |
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|publication-date=2006 Apr 30 |
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|year=2006 |
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|title=[The other Paul Broca] |
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|volume=56 |
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|issue=8 |
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|periodical=La Revue du praticien |
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|pages=923–5 |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 15311362 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15311362 |
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|last=Finger |
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|first=S |
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|publication-date=2004 Jun |
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|year=2004 |
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|title=Paul Broca (1824-1880) |
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|volume=251 |
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|issue=6 |
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|periodical=J. Neurol. |
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|pages=769–70 |
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|doi = 10.1007/s00415-004-0456-6 |
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|journal=Journal of Neurology |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 12816030 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12816030 |
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|last=Wyplosz |
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|first=Julien |
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|publication-date=2003 May 1 |
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|year=2003 |
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|title=[Paul Broca: the protohistory of neurosurgery] |
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|volume=53 |
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|issue=9 |
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|periodical=La Revue du praticien |
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|pages=937–40 |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 11860295 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11860295 |
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|last=Jay |
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|first=Venita |
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|publication-date=2002 Mar |
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|year=2002 |
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|title=Pierre Paul Broca |
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|volume=126 |
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|issue=3 |
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|periodical=Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. |
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|pages=250–1 |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 11846942 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11846942 |
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|last=Clower |
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|first=W T |
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|last2=Finger |
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|first2=S |
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|publication-date=2001 Dec |
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|year=2001 |
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|title=Discovering trepanation: the contribution of Paul Broca |
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|volume=49 |
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|issue=6 |
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|periodical=Neurosurgery |
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|pages=1417–25; discussion 1425–6 |
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|doi = 10.1097/00006123-200112000-00021 |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 11692769 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11692769 |
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|last=Monod-Broca |
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|first=P |
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|publication-date=2001 Oct |
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|year=2001 |
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|title=[Paul Broca: 1824-1880] |
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|volume=126 |
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|issue=8 |
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|periodical=Annales de chirurgie |
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|pages=801–7 |
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|doi = 10.1016/S0003-3944(01)00600-9 |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 11202005 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11202005 |
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|last=Cowie |
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|first=S E |
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|publication-date= |
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|year= |
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|title=A place in history: Paul Broca and cerebral localization |
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|volume=13 |
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|issue=6 |
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|periodical=Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research |
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|pages=297–8 |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 11624874 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11624874 |
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|last=Frédy |
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|first=D |
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|publication-date=1996 |
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|year=1996 |
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|title=[Paul Broca (1824-1880)] |
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|volume=30 |
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|issue=2 |
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|periodical=Histoire des sciences médicales |
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|pages=199–208 |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 11640329 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11640329 |
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|last=Olry |
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|first=R |
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|last2=Nicolay |
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|first2=X |
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|publication-date=1994 |
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|year=1994 |
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|title=[From Paul Broca to the long-term potentiation: the difficulties in confirming a limbic identity] |
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|volume=28 |
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|issue=3 |
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|periodical=Histoire des sciences médicales |
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|pages=199–203 |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 2045905 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2045905 |
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|last=Stone |
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|first=J L |
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|publication-date=1991 Jul |
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|year=1991 |
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|title=Paul Broca and the first craniotomy based on cerebral localization |
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|volume=75 |
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|issue=1 |
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|periodical=J. Neurosurg. |
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|pages=154–9 |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 2009444 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2009444 |
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|last=Harris |
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|first=L J |
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|publication-date=1991 Jan |
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|year=1991 |
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|title=Cerebral control for speech in right-handers and left-handers: an analysis of the views of Paul Broca, his contemporaries, and his successors |
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|volume=40 |
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|issue=1 |
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|periodical=Brain and language |
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|pages=1–50 |
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|doi = 10.1016/0093-934X(91)90115-H |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 3097033 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3097033 |
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|last=Bendiner |
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|first=E |
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|publication-date=1986 Nov 30 |
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|year=1986 |
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|title=Paul Broca: adventurer in the recesses of the mind |
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|volume=21 |
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|issue=11A |
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|periodical=Hosp. Pract. (Off. Ed.) |
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|pages=104–12, 117, 120–1 passim |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 6341875 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6341875 |
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|last=Schiller |
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|first=F |
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|publication-date=1983 May |
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|year=1983 |
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|title=Paul Broca and the history of aphasia |
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|volume=33 |
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|issue=5 |
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|periodical=Neurology |
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|pages=667 |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 7050373 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7050373 |
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|last=Huard |
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|first=P |
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|last2=Aaron |
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|first2=C |
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|last3=Askienazy |
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|first3=S |
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|last4=Corlieu |
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|first4=P |
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|publication-date=1982 Mar |
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|year=1982 |
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|title=[The brain of Paul Broca (1824-1880). Correlation of pathological and computed tomography findings (author's transl)] |
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|volume=63 |
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|issue=3 |
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|periodical=Journal de radiologie |
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|pages=175–80 |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 7015163 |
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|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7015163 |
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|last=Lee |
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|first=D A |
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|publication-date=1981 May |
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|year=1981 |
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|title=Paul Broca and the history of aphasia: Roland P. Mackay Award Essay, 1980 |
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|volume=31 |
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|issue=5 |
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|periodical=Neurology |
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|pages=600–2 |
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}} |
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*{{Citation |
*{{Citation |
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|pmid = 7013939 |
|pmid = 7013939 |
Revision as of 13:29, 9 July 2009
![]() | This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (January 2009) |
Pierre Paul Broca | |
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![]() Pierre Paul Broca | |
Born | June 28, 1824 |
Died | July 9, 1880 |
Nationality | French |
Scientific career | |
Fields | anthropology |
Pierre Paul Broca[1][2] (June 28, 1824 – July 9, 1880) was a French physician, anatomist, and anthropologist. He was born in Sainte-Foy-la-Grande, Gironde. He is best known for his research on Broca's area, a region of the frontal lobe that has been named after him.
Education and research
Broca's early scientific works dealt with the histology of cartilage and bone, but he also studied cancer pathology, the treatment of aneurysms, and infant mortality. One of his major concerns was the comparative anatomy of the brain. His celebrated paper refers to many animal species. As a neuroanatomist he made important contributions to the understanding of the limbic system and rhinencephalon. Olfaction was for him a sign of animality. His research on the localization of speech led to entirely new research into the lateralization of brain function. He wrote extensively on Darwinism, then known as transformism in France (the term was also adopted in English at the time but is today little used in either language).
Speech research
In 1861, through post-mortem autopsy, Broca determined that Tan had a lesion caused by syphilis in the left cerebral hemisphere. This lesion was determined to cover the area of the brain important for speech production, affecting syntactic skills of patients. (Although history credits this discovery to Broca, it should be noted that another French neurologist, Marc Dax, made similar observations a generation earlier.) Today the brains of many of Broca's aphasic patients are still preserved in the Musée Dupuytren, and his collection of casts in the Musée d'Anatomie Delmas-Orfila-Rouvière.
Patients with damage to Broca's area and/or to neighboring regions of the left inferior frontal lobe are often categorized clinically as having Broca's aphasia. This type of aphasia, which often involves impairments in speech output, can be contrasted with Wernicke's aphasia, named for Karl Wernicke, which is characterized by damage to more posterior regions of the left hemisphere (in the superior temporal lobe), causing disruptions within the semantical output of speech. This is an example of a double dissociation, an important tool used by neuropsychologists to investigate brain function.
Anthropological research
Broca is most famous for his discovery of the speech production center of the brain located in the ventroposterior region of the frontal lobes (now known as Broca's area). He arrived at this discovery by studying the brains of aphasic patients. His first patient in the Bicêtre Hospital was Leborgne, nicknamed "Tan" due to his inability to clearly speak any words other than "tan".
Broca was also a pioneer in the study of physical anthropology. He founded the Anthropological Society in 1859, the Revue d'Anthropologie in 1872, and the School of Anthropology in Paris in 1876. Just like everybody else in his time he had no reason to think that the skulls of living people were trepanned prior to the time of the ancient Greeks. The situation changed dramatically for him in 1867, and subsequently for scientists around the world, after he was shown an old Peruvian skull with cross-hatched cuts. This skull came from an Inca cemetery in the valley of Yucay and was shown to him by Ephraim George Squier, an archaeologist, writer, and diplomat. Careful examination of the Peruvian skull left no doubt in Broca's mind that "advanced surgery" had been performed in the New World before the European conquest.
Broca advanced the science of cranial anthropometry by developing many new types of measuring instruments (craniometers) and numerical indices. The uses that reputable scientists, including racist ones, made of Broca's measurements and conclusions have been analyzed by Stephen Jay Gould in The Mismeasure of Man (1981) and by his biographer, Francis Schiller. Broca's work is also featured in Carl Sagan's book Broca's Brain.
Anatomy research
Another field in which Broca contributed significantly was the comparative anatomy of primates. He described, for the first time, trephined skulls from the Neolithic. He was very interested in the relation between anatomical features of the brain and mental capabilities, such as intelligence.
Personal life
As a personality, Broca was a remarkable individual. His biographer, neurosurgeon Francis Schiller, records his fights with his local church which attempted to have him stricken from the electoral roll. Broca was denounced by authorities as a subversive, materialist, and corrupter of the youth after he founded a society of freethinkers in 1848 sympathetic to Charles Darwin's theories.
Near the end of his life, Paul Broca was elected a lifetime member of the French Senate. He was also a member of the Académie Française and held honorary degrees from many other learned institutions, both in France and abroad. Broca died in Paris in 1880.
Broca's brain is now a specimen at the Museum of Man in Paris.
Broca's legacy
The discovery of Broca's area revolutionized the understanding of speech production. New research has found that dysfunction in the area may lead to other speech disorders such as stuttering and apraxia of speech. Recent anatomical neuroimaging studies have shown that the pars opercularis of Broca's area is anatomically smaller in individuals who stutter whereas the pars triangularis appears to be normal.liloil
References
- ^ Jay V (2002). "Pierre Paul Broca". Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine. 126 (3): 250–1. PMID 11860295.
{{cite journal}}
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ignored (help) - ^ Monod-Broca P (2001). Annales De Chirurgie (in French). 126 (8): 801–7. PMID 11692769.
{{cite journal}}
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Literature
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png)
- Renato M.E. Sabbatini: The History of Psychosurgery. Brain & Mind, September 1997.
- Androutsos G, Diamantis A (2007). "Paul Broca (1824-1880): founder of anthropology, pioneer of neurology and oncology". Journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology. 12 (4): 557–64. PMID 18067221.
- Buckingham HW (2006). "The Marc Dax (1770-1837)/Paul Broca (1824-1880) controversy over priority in science: left hemisphere specificity for seat of articulate language and for lesions that cause aphemia". Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics. 20 (7–8): 613–9. doi:10.1080/02699200500266703. PMID 17056493.
- Monod-Broca P (2006). La Revue du Praticien (in French). 56 (8): 923–5. PMID 16764255.
{{cite journal}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help); Unknown parameter|month=
ignored (help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help) - Finger S (2004). "Paul Broca (1824-1880)". Journal of Neurology. 251 (6): 769–70. doi:10.1007/s00415-004-0456-6. PMID 15311362.
{{cite journal}}
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ignored (help) - Wyplosz J (2003). La Revue du Praticien (in French). 53 (9): 937–40. PMID 12816030.
{{cite journal}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help); Unknown parameter|month=
ignored (help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help) - Jay V (2002). "Pierre Paul Broca". Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine. 126 (3): 250–1. PMID 11860295.
{{cite journal}}
: Unknown parameter|month=
ignored (help) - Clower WT, Finger S (2001). "Discovering trepanation: the contribution of Paul Broca". Neurosurgery. 49 (6): 1417–25, discussion 1425–6. PMID 11846942.
{{cite journal}}
: Unknown parameter|month=
ignored (help) - Monod-Broca P (2001). Annales de Chirurgie (in French). 126 (8): 801–7. PMID 11692769.
{{cite journal}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help); Unknown parameter|month=
ignored (help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help) - Cowie SE (2000). "A place in history: Paul Broca and cerebral localization". Journal of Investigative Surgery. 13 (6): 297–8. PMID 11202005.
- Frédy D (1996). Histoire Des Sciences Médicales (in French). 30 (2): 199–208. PMID 11624874.
{{cite journal}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help) - Olry R, Nicolay X (1994). Histoire Des Sciences Médicales (in French). 28 (3): 199–203. PMID 11640329.
{{cite journal}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help); Unknown parameter|trans_title=
ignored (|trans-title=
suggested) (help) - Stone JL (1991). "Paul Broca and the first craniotomy based on cerebral localization". Journal of Neurosurgery. 75 (1): 154–9. PMID 2045905.
{{cite journal}}
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ignored (help) - Harris LJ (1991). "Cerebral control for speech in right-handers and left-handers: an analysis of the views of Paul Broca, his contemporaries, and his successors". Brain and Language. 40 (1): 1–50. PMID 2009444.
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ignored (help) - Bendiner E (1986). "Paul Broca: adventurer in the recesses of the mind". Hospital Practice. 21 (11A): 104–12, 117, 120–1 passim. PMID 3097033.
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ignored (help) - Schiller F (1983). "Paul Broca and the history of aphasia". Neurology. 33 (5): 667. PMID 6341875.
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ignored (help) - Huard P, Aaron C, Askienazy S, Corlieu P, Fredy D, Vedrenne C (1982). Journal De Radiologie (in French). 63 (3): 175–80. PMID 7050373.
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suggested) (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Lee DA (1981). "Paul Broca and the history of aphasia: Roland P. Mackay Award Essay, 1980". Neurology. 31 (5): 600–2. PMID 7015163.
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ignored (help) - Huard, P; Aaron, C; Askienazy, S; Corlieu, P (1980), "[The death of Paul Broca (1824-1880)]", Bull. Acad. Natl. Med., vol. 164, no. 7 (published 1980 Oct), pp. 682–5, PMID 7013939
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(help) - Lukács, D (1980), "[Pierre Paul Broca, founder of anthropology and discoverer of the cortical speech center]", Orvosi hetilap, vol. 121, no. 34 (published 1980 Aug 24), pp. 2081–2, PMID 7005822
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(help) - Cambier, J (1980), "[Paul Broca, 100 years after his death, 1880-1980]", La Nouvelle presse médicale, vol. 9, no. 29 (published 1980 Jul 5), p. 1983, PMID 6995932
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(help) - Dechaume, M; Huard, P (1980), "[Paul Broca (182401880). Dentist or dentistry in the last century]", Actualités odonto-stomatologiques, vol. 34, no. 132, pp. 537–43, PMID 7015804
- D'Aubigné, R M (1980), "[Paul Broca and surgery of the motor system]", Chirurgie; mémoires de l'Académie de chirurgie, vol. 106, no. 10, pp. 791–3, PMID 7011706
- Denoix, P (1980), "[Paul Broca : pathological anatomy, cancer, statistics (author's transl)]", Chirurgie; mémoires de l'Académie de chirurgie, vol. 106, no. 10, pp. 787–90, PMID 7011705
- Houdart, R (1980), "[Paul Broca : precursor of neurological disciplines (author's transl)]", Chirurgie; mémoires de l'Académie de chirurgie, vol. 106, no. 10, pp. 783–6, PMID 7011704
- Natali, J (1980), "[Paul Broca, vascular surgeon (author's transl)]", Chirurgie; mémoires de l'Académie de chirurgie, vol. 106, no. 10, pp. 777–82, PMID 7011703
- Huard, P (1980), "[Paul Broca, anatomist (author's transl)]", Chirurgie; mémoires de l'Académie de chirurgie, vol. 106, no. 10, pp. 774–6, PMID 7011702
- "[Commemoration of the centenary of the death of Paul Broca]", Chirurgie; mémoires de l'Académie de chirurgie, vol. 106, no. 10, pp. 773–93, 1980, PMID 7011701
- Castaigne, P (1980), "[Paul Broca (1824-1880)]", Rev. Neurol. (Paris), vol. 136, no. 10, pp. 559–62, PMID 7010498
- Pineau, H (1980), "[Paul Broca and anthropology]", Bull. Acad. Natl. Med., vol. 164, no. 6, pp. 557–62, PMID 7008917
- Delmas, A (1980), "[Paul Broca and anatomy]", Bull. Acad. Natl. Med., vol. 164, no. 6, pp. 552–6, PMID 7008916
- Alajouanine, T; Signoret, J L (1980), "[Paul Broca and aphasia]", Bull. Acad. Natl. Med., vol. 164, no. 6, pp. 545–51, PMID 7008915
- Monod-Broca, P (1980), "[Paul Broca (1824-1880). The surgeon, the man]", Bull. Acad. Natl. Med., vol. 164, no. 6, pp. 536–44, PMID 7008914
- Valette, G (1980), "[Address at the meeting dedicated to the centenary of the death of Paul Broca (1824-1880)]", Bull. Acad. Natl. Med., vol. 164, no. 6, p. 535, PMID 7008913
- Leischner, A (1972), "[Paul Broca and significance of his works for clinical pathology of the brain]", Bratislavské lekárske listy, vol. 57, no. 5 (published 1972 May), pp. 615–23, PMID 4554955
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(help) - Greenblatt, S H, "Huglings Jackson's first encounter with the work of Paul Broca: the physiological and philosophical background", Bulletin of the history of medicine, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 555–70, PMID 4925020
- HUARD, P (1961), "Paul BROCA (1829-1880).", Concours médical, vol. 83 (published 1961 Oct 14), pp. 5069–74 concl, PMID 14036413
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(help) - HUARD, P (1961), "Paul BROCA (1824-1880).", Concours médical, vol. 83 (published 1961 Oct 7), pp. 4917–20, PMID 14036412
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(help)