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'''Parthenolide''' is a [[sesquiterpene lactone]] of the [[germacranolide]] class which occurs naturally in the plant feverfew (''[[Tanacetum parthenium]]''), after which it is named. It is found in highest concentration in the flowers and fruit. Feverfew is used in [[herbalism]] and is purportedly useful for a variety of aliments. Many vendors of feverfew remedies specify the content of parthenolide in their products, because it is believed to be the primary chemical constituent responsible for biological activity.<ref>[http://www.fermentek.co.il/parthenolide.htm Parthenolide ] from [[Fermentek]]</ref>
'''Parthenolide''' is a [[sesquiterpene lactone]] of the [[germacranolide]] class which occurs naturally in the plant feverfew (''[[Tanacetum parthenium]]''), after which it is named. It is found in highest concentration in the flowers and fruit. Feverfew is used in [[herbalism]] and is purportedly useful for a variety of aliments. Many vendors of feverfew remedies specify the content of parthenolide in their products, because it is believed to be the primary chemical constituent responsible for biological activity.<ref>[http://www.fermentek.co.il/parthenolide.htm Parthenolide ] from [[Fermentek]]</ref>


Lack of solubility in water and [[bioavailability]] limits the potential of parthenolide as a drug. Drug researchers are trying to develop synthetic analogs instead that will be absorbed to a more useful extent.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.cancerpage.com/news/article.asp?id=11470 | title = Orally Bioavailable Parthenolide Analog Eradicates Leukemia Stem Cells | author = Will Boggs | publisher = Reuters Health}}</ref> It also inhibits [[HDAC1]] protein without affecting other class I/II [[HDAC]]s, which leads to sustained DNA damage response in certain cells (required for [[apoptosis]]).<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3255482/#B76</ref>
Lack of solubility in water and [[bioavailability]] limits the potential of parthenolide as a drug. Drug researchers are trying to develop synthetic analogs instead that will be absorbed to a more useful extent.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.cancerpage.com/news/article.asp?id=11470 | title = Orally Bioavailable Parthenolide Analog Eradicates Leukemia Stem Cells | author = Will Boggs | publisher = Reuters Health}}</ref> It also inhibits [[HDAC1]] protein without affecting other class I/II [[HDAC]]s, which leads to sustained DNA damage response in certain cells (required for [[apoptosis]]).<ref>{{cite journal | pmc=3255482 | pmid=22247744 | doi=10.1186/1868-7083-3-4 | volume=3 | title=Dietary phytochemicals, HDAC inhibition, and DNA damage/repair defects in cancer cells | year=2011 | journal=Clin Epigenetics | pages=4 | last1 = Rajendran | first1 = P | last2 = Ho | first2 = E | last3 = Williams | first3 = DE | last4 = Dashwood | first4 = RH}}</ref>


==''In vitro'' biological activities==
==''In vitro'' biological activities==

Revision as of 08:05, 14 May 2016

Parthenolide
Names
IUPAC name
(1aR,​7aS,​10aS,​10bS)-​1a,​5-​dimethyl-​8-​methylene-​2,​3,​6,​7,​7a,​8,​10a,​10b-​octahydrooxireno​[9,​10]​cyclodeca​[1,​2-​b]​furan-​9(1aH)-​one
Other names
4xi-Germacra-1(10), 11(13)-dien-12-oic acid, 4,5-epoxy-6.alpha.-
hydroxy-, gamma-lactone
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.220.558 Edit this at Wikidata
RTECS number
  • LY4220000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C15H20O3/c1-9-5-4-8-15(3)13(18-15)12-11(7-6-9)10(2)14(16)17-12/h5,11-13H,2,4,6-8H2,1,3H3/b9-5+/t11-,12-,13-,15+/m0/s1 ☒N
    Key: KTEXNACQROZXEV-SLXBATTESA-N ☒N
  • Key: KTEXNACQROZXEV-SLXBATTEBY
  • InChI=1/C15H20O3/c1-9-5-4-8-15(3)13(18-15)12-11(7-6-9)10(2)14(16)17-12/h5,11-13H,2,4,6-8H2,1,3H3/b9-5+/t11-,12-,13-,15+/m0/s1
  • C/C/1=C\CC[C@@]2([C@@H](O2)[C@@H]3[C@@H](CC1)C(=C)C(=O)O3)C
Properties
C15H20O3
Molar mass 248.322 g·mol−1
Melting point 113 to 115 °C (235 to 239 °F; 386 to 388 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Parthenolide is a sesquiterpene lactone of the germacranolide class which occurs naturally in the plant feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium), after which it is named. It is found in highest concentration in the flowers and fruit. Feverfew is used in herbalism and is purportedly useful for a variety of aliments. Many vendors of feverfew remedies specify the content of parthenolide in their products, because it is believed to be the primary chemical constituent responsible for biological activity.[1]

Lack of solubility in water and bioavailability limits the potential of parthenolide as a drug. Drug researchers are trying to develop synthetic analogs instead that will be absorbed to a more useful extent.[2] It also inhibits HDAC1 protein without affecting other class I/II HDACs, which leads to sustained DNA damage response in certain cells (required for apoptosis).[3]

In vitro biological activities

Parthenolide has a variety of reported in vitro biological activities, including:

Parthenolide has been found to act as an agonist of the adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR2).[11]

References

  1. ^ Parthenolide from Fermentek
  2. ^ Will Boggs. "Orally Bioavailable Parthenolide Analog Eradicates Leukemia Stem Cells". Reuters Health.
  3. ^ Rajendran, P; Ho, E; Williams, DE; Dashwood, RH (2011). "Dietary phytochemicals, HDAC inhibition, and DNA damage/repair defects in cancer cells". Clin Epigenetics. 3: 4. doi:10.1186/1868-7083-3-4. PMC 3255482. PMID 22247744.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  4. ^ López-Franco, O; Hernández-Vargas, P; Ortiz-Muñoz, G; Sanjuán, G; Suzuki, Y; Ortega, L; Blanco, J; Egido, J; Gómez-Guerrero, C (2006). "Parthenolide modulates the NF-kappaB-mediated inflammatory responses in experimental atherosclerosis". Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. 26 (8): 1864–70. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.0000229659.94020.53. PMID 16741149.
  5. ^ Guzman, ML; Rossi, RM; Karnischky, L; Li, X; Peterson, DR; Howard, DS; Jordan, CT (2005). "The sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide induces apoptosis of human acute myelogenous leukemia stem and progenitor cells". Blood. 105 (11): 4163–9. doi:10.1182/blood-2004-10-4135. PMC 1895029. PMID 15687234.
  6. ^ Tiuman, TS; Ueda-Nakamura, T; Garcia Cortez, DA; Dias Filho, BP; Morgado-Díaz, JA; De Souza, W; Nakamura, CV (2005). "Antileishmanial Activity of Parthenolide, a Sesquiterpene Lactone Isolated from Tanacetum parthenium". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 49 (1): 176–82. doi:10.1128/AAC.49.11.176-182.2005. PMC 538891. PMID 15616293.
  7. ^ Miglietta, A; Bozzo, F; Gabriel, L; Bocca, C (2004). "Microtubule-interfering activity of parthenolide". Chemico-biological interactions. 149 (2–3): 165–73. doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2004.07.005. PMID 15501437.
  8. ^ Feltenstein, MW; Schühly, W; Warnick, JE; Fischer, NH; Sufka, KJ (2004). "Anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperalgesic effects of sesquiterpene lactones from Magnolia and Bear's foot". Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior. 79 (2): 299–302. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2004.08.008. PMID 15501305.
  9. ^ Yip, KH; Zheng, MH; Feng, HT; Steer, JH; Joyce, DA; Xu, J (2004). "Sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide blocks lipopolysaccharide-induced osteolysis through the suppression of NF-kappaB activity". Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 19 (11): 1905–16. doi:10.1359/JBMR.040919. PMID 15476591.
  10. ^ Zunino, SJ; Ducore, JM; Storms, DH (2007). "Parthenolide induces significant apoptosis and production of reactive oxygen species in high-risk pre-B leukemia cells". Cancer Letters. 254 (1): 119–27. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2007.03.002. PMID 17470383.
  11. ^ Sun Y, Zang Z, Zhong L, Wu M, Su Q, Gao X, Zan W, Lin D, Zhao Y, Zhang Z (2013). "Identification of adiponectin receptor agonist utilizing a fluorescence polarization based high throughput assay". PLoS ONE. 8 (5): e63354. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063354. PMC 3653934. PMID 23691032.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

External links

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