Odontoanserae: Difference between revisions
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| subdivision_ranks = Subgroups |
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| subdivision = |
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* |
* †[[Pelagornithidae]] |
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* '''Anserimorphae''' |
* '''Anserimorphae''' |
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** ?†[[Dromornithidae]] |
** ?†[[Dromornithidae]] |
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** †[[Gastornithidae]] |
** †[[Gastornithidae]] |
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** †[[Vegaviidae]] |
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** [[Anseriformes]] |
** [[Anseriformes]] |
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The '''Odontoanserae''' is a purposed [[clade]] that includes the family [[Pelagornithidae]] (pseudo-toothed birds) and [[Anseriformes]] (waterfowls).<ref name="bourdon2005">{{cite journal | last1 = Bourdon | first1 = E. | year = 2005 | title = Osteological evidence for sister group relationship between pseudo-toothed birds (Aves: Odontopterygiformes) and waterfowls (Anseriformes) | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16240103 | journal = Naturwissenschaften | volume = 92 | issue = 12 | pages = 586-91}}</ref> The placement of the pseudo-toothed birds in the evolutionary tree of birds has been problematic, with some supporting the placement them near the orders [[Procellariformes]] and [[Pelecaniformes]] based on features in the sternum.<ref name="mayretal2008">{{cite journal | last1 = Mayr | first1 = G. | last2 = Hazevoet | first2 = C.J. | last3 = Dantas | first3 = P. | last4 = Cachão | first4 = M. | year = 2008 | title = A Sternum of a Very Large Bony-Toothed Bird (Pelagornithidae) from the Miocene of Portugal | url = http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28%5B762%3AASOAVL%5D2.0.CO%3B2 | journal = Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology | volume = 28 | issue = 3 | pages = 762-769}}</ref> In 2005 a cladistic analysis had found support in placing pseudo-toothed birds as the sister group to waterfowl.<ref name=bourdon2005/> Evidence for this comes from shared characteristics in the skull such as lack a crest on the underside of the [[palatine]] bone and two [[condyle]]s on the [[mandibular process]] of the quadrate bone, with the middle condyle beakwards of the side condyle.<ref name=bourdon2005/> In addition to that Furthermore a 2013 study on the growth pattern and structure of the pseudoteeth in ''[[Pelagornis]] mauretanicus'' shows more support of Odontoanserae as both groups have "soft rhamphotheca, or delayed hardening of the rhamphotheca."<ref name="Louchartetal2013">{{cite journal | last1 = Louchart | first1 = A. | last2 = Sire | first2 = J.-Y. | last3 = Mourer-Chauviré | first3 = C. | last4 = Geraads | first4 = D. | last5 = Viriot | first5 = L. | last6 = de Buffrénil | first6 = V. | year = 2013 | title = Structure and Growth Pattern of Pseudoteeth in Pelagornis mauretanicus (Aves, Odontopterygiformes, Pelagornithidae) | url = http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0080372 | journal = PloS one | volume = 8 | issue = 11 | pages = }}</ref> In addition to Pelagornithidae and Anseriformes paleontologists also have support in placing mihirungs ([[Dromornithidae]]) and diatrymas ([[Gastornithidae]]) into this group, as they too also share anatomical features in the skull and pelvic bones with waterfowl.<ref name="andors1992">{{cite journal | last1 = Andors | first1 = A. | year = 1992 | title = Reappraisal of the Eocene groundbird ''Diatryma'' (Aves: Anserimorphae) | url = | journal = Science Series Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County | volume = 36 | issue = | pages = 109–125}}</ref><ref name="murrayvickers2004">{{cite book | last1 = Murrary | first1 = P.F | last2 = Vickers-Rich | first2 = P. | year = 2004 | title = Magnificent Mihirungs: The Colossal Flightless Birds of the Australian Dreamtime | url = | publisher = Indiana University Press}}</ref> Mihirungs, diatrymas and anseriforms are placed in the clade '''Anserimorphae''' with the placement of mihirungs and diatrymas varies though one hypothesis is that diatryams are the sister group to mihirungs and anseriforms and another place mihirungs as crowned anseriforms closely related to the screamers ([[Anhimidae]]).<ref name=murrayvickers2004/> |
The '''Odontoanserae''' is a purposed [[clade]] that includes the family [[Pelagornithidae]] (pseudo-toothed birds) and [[Anseriformes]] (waterfowls).<ref name="bourdon2005">{{cite journal | last1 = Bourdon | first1 = E. | year = 2005 | title = Osteological evidence for sister group relationship between pseudo-toothed birds (Aves: Odontopterygiformes) and waterfowls (Anseriformes) | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16240103 | journal = Naturwissenschaften | volume = 92 | issue = 12 | pages = 586-91}}</ref> The placement of the pseudo-toothed birds in the evolutionary tree of birds has been problematic, with some supporting the placement them near the orders [[Procellariformes]] and [[Pelecaniformes]] based on features in the sternum.<ref name="mayretal2008">{{cite journal | last1 = Mayr | first1 = G. | last2 = Hazevoet | first2 = C.J. | last3 = Dantas | first3 = P. | last4 = Cachão | first4 = M. | year = 2008 | title = A Sternum of a Very Large Bony-Toothed Bird (Pelagornithidae) from the Miocene of Portugal | url = http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28%5B762%3AASOAVL%5D2.0.CO%3B2 | journal = Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology | volume = 28 | issue = 3 | pages = 762-769}}</ref> In 2005 a cladistic analysis had found support in placing pseudo-toothed birds as the sister group to waterfowl.<ref name=bourdon2005/> Evidence for this comes from shared characteristics in the skull such as lack a crest on the underside of the [[palatine]] bone and two [[condyle]]s on the [[mandibular process]] of the quadrate bone, with the middle condyle beakwards of the side condyle.<ref name=bourdon2005/> In addition to that Furthermore a 2013 study on the growth pattern and structure of the pseudoteeth in ''[[Pelagornis]] mauretanicus'' shows more support of Odontoanserae as both groups have "soft rhamphotheca, or delayed hardening of the rhamphotheca."<ref name="Louchartetal2013">{{cite journal | last1 = Louchart | first1 = A. | last2 = Sire | first2 = J.-Y. | last3 = Mourer-Chauviré | first3 = C. | last4 = Geraads | first4 = D. | last5 = Viriot | first5 = L. | last6 = de Buffrénil | first6 = V. | year = 2013 | title = Structure and Growth Pattern of Pseudoteeth in Pelagornis mauretanicus (Aves, Odontopterygiformes, Pelagornithidae) | url = http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0080372 | journal = PloS one | volume = 8 | issue = 11 | pages = }}</ref> In addition to Pelagornithidae and Anseriformes paleontologists also have support in placing mihirungs ([[Dromornithidae]]) and diatrymas ([[Gastornithidae]]) into this group, as they too also share anatomical features in the skull and pelvic bones with waterfowl.<ref name="andors1992">{{cite journal | last1 = Andors | first1 = A. | year = 1992 | title = Reappraisal of the Eocene groundbird ''Diatryma'' (Aves: Anserimorphae) | url = | journal = Science Series Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County | volume = 36 | issue = | pages = 109–125}}</ref><ref name="murrayvickers2004">{{cite book | last1 = Murrary | first1 = P.F | last2 = Vickers-Rich | first2 = P. | year = 2004 | title = Magnificent Mihirungs: The Colossal Flightless Birds of the Australian Dreamtime | url = | publisher = Indiana University Press}}</ref><ref name="agnolín2007">{{cite journal | last1 = Agnolín | first1 = F. | year = 2007 | title = ''Brontornis burmeisteri'' Moreno & Mercerat, un Anseriformes (Aves) gigante del Mioceno Medio de Patagonia, Argentina. | url = | journal = Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales | volume = 9 | issue = | pages = 15-25}}</ref>. Mihirungs, diatrymas and anseriforms are placed in the clade '''Anserimorphae''' with the placement of mihirungs and diatrymas varies though one hypothesis is that diatryams are the sister group to mihirungs and anseriforms and another place mihirungs as crowned anseriforms closely related to the screamers ([[Anhimidae]]).<ref name=murrayvickers2004/> |
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Below is the general consensus of the phylogeny.<ref name=murrayvickers2004/><ref name=bourdon2005/><ref name=agnolín2007/><ref name="livezeyzusi2007">{{cite journal | last1 = Livezey | first1 = B.C. | last2 = Zusi | first2 = R.L. | year = 2007 | title = Higher-order phylogeny of modern birds (Theropoda, Aves: Neornithes) based on comparative anatomy. II. Analysis and discussion | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2517308/ | journal = The Science of Nature | volume = 149 | issue = 1 | pages = 1-95}}</ref><ref name="agnolínetal2017">{{cite journal | last1 = Agnolín | first1 = F.L. | last2 = Egli | first2 = F.B. | last3 = Chatterjee | first3 = S. | last4 = Marsà | first4 = J.A.G | year = 2017 | title = Vegaviidae, a new clade of southern diving birds that survived the K/T boundary | url = https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00114-017-1508-y | journal = The Science of Nature | volume = 104 | issue = 87 | pages = }}</ref> |
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{{clade|style=font-size:107% |
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|label1='''Odontoanserae''' |
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|1={{Clade |
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|1=†[[Pelagornithidae]] (pseudo-tooth birds) [[File:Osteodontornis BW.jpg|70 px]] |
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|label2='''Anserimorphae''' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=†[[Gastornithidae]] (diatrymas) [[File:Gastornis giganteus restoration.jpeg|70 px]] |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=†[[Dromornithidae]] (mihirungs) [[File:Dromornis BW.jpg|70 px]] |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=†[[Vegaviidae]] |
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|2=[[Anseriformes]] (screamers and waterfowl) [[File:Palamedra cornuta white background.png|70 px]] [[File:Cayley Anseranas semipalmata white background.jpg|70 px]][[File:Greylag flipped.JPG|70 px]]}}}}}}}}}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 19:37, 9 October 2017
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| The skull of Pelagornis mauretanicus (top) and the head of Common merganser (bottom) showing the serrated edge common in this group | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Superorder: | Galloanserae |
| Clade: | Odontoanserae Bourdon, 2005 |
| Subgroups | |
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The Odontoanserae is a purposed clade that includes the family Pelagornithidae (pseudo-toothed birds) and Anseriformes (waterfowls).[1] The placement of the pseudo-toothed birds in the evolutionary tree of birds has been problematic, with some supporting the placement them near the orders Procellariformes and Pelecaniformes based on features in the sternum.[2] In 2005 a cladistic analysis had found support in placing pseudo-toothed birds as the sister group to waterfowl.[1] Evidence for this comes from shared characteristics in the skull such as lack a crest on the underside of the palatine bone and two condyles on the mandibular process of the quadrate bone, with the middle condyle beakwards of the side condyle.[1] In addition to that Furthermore a 2013 study on the growth pattern and structure of the pseudoteeth in Pelagornis mauretanicus shows more support of Odontoanserae as both groups have "soft rhamphotheca, or delayed hardening of the rhamphotheca."[3] In addition to Pelagornithidae and Anseriformes paleontologists also have support in placing mihirungs (Dromornithidae) and diatrymas (Gastornithidae) into this group, as they too also share anatomical features in the skull and pelvic bones with waterfowl.[4][5][6]. Mihirungs, diatrymas and anseriforms are placed in the clade Anserimorphae with the placement of mihirungs and diatrymas varies though one hypothesis is that diatryams are the sister group to mihirungs and anseriforms and another place mihirungs as crowned anseriforms closely related to the screamers (Anhimidae).[5]
Below is the general consensus of the phylogeny.[5][1][6][7][8]
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References
- ^ a b c d Bourdon, E. (2005). "Osteological evidence for sister group relationship between pseudo-toothed birds (Aves: Odontopterygiformes) and waterfowls (Anseriformes)". Naturwissenschaften. 92 (12): 586–91.
- ^ Mayr, G.; Hazevoet, C.J.; Dantas, P.; Cachão, M. (2008). "A Sternum of a Very Large Bony-Toothed Bird (Pelagornithidae) from the Miocene of Portugal". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 28 (3): 762–769.
- ^ Louchart, A.; Sire, J.-Y.; Mourer-Chauviré, C.; Geraads, D.; Viriot, L.; de Buffrénil, V. (2013). "Structure and Growth Pattern of Pseudoteeth in Pelagornis mauretanicus (Aves, Odontopterygiformes, Pelagornithidae)". PloS one. 8 (11).
- ^ Andors, A. (1992). "Reappraisal of the Eocene groundbird Diatryma (Aves: Anserimorphae)". Science Series Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. 36: 109–125.
- ^ a b c Murrary, P.F; Vickers-Rich, P. (2004). Magnificent Mihirungs: The Colossal Flightless Birds of the Australian Dreamtime. Indiana University Press.
- ^ a b Agnolín, F. (2007). "Brontornis burmeisteri Moreno & Mercerat, un Anseriformes (Aves) gigante del Mioceno Medio de Patagonia, Argentina". Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales. 9: 15–25.
- ^ Livezey, B.C.; Zusi, R.L. (2007). "Higher-order phylogeny of modern birds (Theropoda, Aves: Neornithes) based on comparative anatomy. II. Analysis and discussion". The Science of Nature. 149 (1): 1–95.
- ^ Agnolín, F.L.; Egli, F.B.; Chatterjee, S.; Marsà, J.A.G (2017). "Vegaviidae, a new clade of southern diving birds that survived the K/T boundary". The Science of Nature. 104 (87).