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The '''São Tomé grosbeak''' (''Crithagra concolor'') is the largest member of the [[Crithagra]] genus of canaries,<ref name="newscientist">{{cite news|title=World’s largest canary discovered on island of giants and dwarfs|newspaper=New Scientist|date=5 April 2017|first=Sandhya|last=Sekar|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2126894-worlds-largest-canary-discovered-on-island-of-giants-and-dwarfs/|accessdate=6 April 2017}}</ref> 50% heavier than the next largest canary species,<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Melo, M. |author2=Stervander, M. | author3=Hansson, B. |author4=Jones, P. J.| year=2017| title=The endangered São Tomé Grosbeak Neospiza concolor is the world's largest canary| journal=Ibis| volume=159| pages=673–679| url = http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ibi.12466/full| doi=10.1111/ibi.12466| issue=3}}</ref> and possesses a massive bill for a member of that genus. It is endemic to the island of [[São Tomé Island|São Tomé]].
The '''São Tomé grosbeak''' (''Crithagra concolor'') is the largest member of the [[Crithagra]] genus of canaries,<ref name="newscientist">{{cite news|title=World’s largest canary discovered on island of giants and dwarfs|newspaper=New Scientist|date=5 April 2017|first=Sandhya|last=Sekar|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2126894-worlds-largest-canary-discovered-on-island-of-giants-and-dwarfs/|accessdate=6 April 2017}}</ref> 50% heavier than the next largest canary species,<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Melo, M. |author2=Stervander, M. | author3=Hansson, B. |author4=Jones, P. J.| year=2017| title=The endangered São Tomé Grosbeak Neospiza concolor is the world's largest canary| journal=Ibis| volume=159| pages=673–679| doi=10.1111/ibi.12466| issue=3}}</ref> and possesses a massive bill for a member of that genus. It is endemic to the island of [[São Tomé Island|São Tomé]].


For a long period this bird was known only from three nineteenth-century specimens. It was rediscovered in 1991. The current population is estimated at less than 50, and it is classified as critically endangered by the IUCN.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=IUCN|title=Crithagra concolor: BirdLife International|url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22720310/0|journal=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|doi=10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22720310a94664492.en}}</ref> The main threat is habitat destruction.
For a long period this bird was known only from three nineteenth-century specimens. It was rediscovered in 1991. The current population is estimated at less than 50, and it is classified as critically endangered by the IUCN.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=IUCN|title=Crithagra concolor: BirdLife International|url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22720310/0|journal=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species|doi=10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22720310a94664492.en|year=2016}}</ref> The main threat is habitat destruction.


The São Tomé grosbeak was formerly placed in the [[genus]] ''Neospiza'' (meaning "new [[finch]]"<ref name="newscientist" />) but was assigned to the genus ''[[Crithagra]]'' based on a phylogenetic analysis of [[mitochondrial]] and nuclear DNA sequences.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Melo|first=Martim|last2=Stervander|first2=Martin|last3=Hansson|first3=Bengt|last4=Jones|first4=Peter J.|date=2017-07-01|title=The endangered São Tomé Grosbeak Neospiza concolor is the world's largest canary|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ibi.12466/abstract|journal=Ibis|language=en|volume=159|issue=3|pages=673–679|doi=10.1111/ibi.12466|issn=1474-919X}}</ref><ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | title=Finches, euphonias | work= World Bird List Version 5.2| url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/finches/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union| accessdate=5 June 2015 }}</ref>
The São Tomé grosbeak was formerly placed in the [[genus]] ''Neospiza'' (meaning "new [[finch]]"<ref name="newscientist" />) but was assigned to the genus ''[[Crithagra]]'' based on a phylogenetic analysis of [[mitochondrial]] and nuclear DNA sequences.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Melo|first=Martim|last2=Stervander|first2=Martin|last3=Hansson|first3=Bengt|last4=Jones|first4=Peter J.|date=2017-07-01|title=The endangered São Tomé Grosbeak Neospiza concolor is the world's largest canary|journal=Ibis|language=en|volume=159|issue=3|pages=673–679|doi=10.1111/ibi.12466|issn=1474-919X}}</ref><ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | title=Finches, euphonias | work= World Bird List Version 5.2| url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/finches/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union| accessdate=5 June 2015 }}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 18:55, 19 December 2018

São Tomé grosbeak
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Fringillidae
Subfamily: Carduelinae
Genus: Crithagra
Species:
C. concolor
Binomial name
Crithagra concolor
(Bocage, 1888)
Synonyms

Neospiza concolor

The São Tomé grosbeak (Crithagra concolor) is the largest member of the Crithagra genus of canaries,[2] 50% heavier than the next largest canary species,[3] and possesses a massive bill for a member of that genus. It is endemic to the island of São Tomé.

For a long period this bird was known only from three nineteenth-century specimens. It was rediscovered in 1991. The current population is estimated at less than 50, and it is classified as critically endangered by the IUCN.[4] The main threat is habitat destruction.

The São Tomé grosbeak was formerly placed in the genus Neospiza (meaning "new finch"[2]) but was assigned to the genus Crithagra based on a phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences.[5][6]

References

  1. ^ Template:IUCN
  2. ^ a b Sekar, Sandhya (5 April 2017). "World's largest canary discovered on island of giants and dwarfs". New Scientist. Retrieved 6 April 2017.
  3. ^ Melo, M.; Stervander, M.; Hansson, B.; Jones, P. J. (2017). "The endangered São Tomé Grosbeak Neospiza concolor is the world's largest canary". Ibis. 159 (3): 673–679. doi:10.1111/ibi.12466.
  4. ^ IUCN (2016). "Crithagra concolor: BirdLife International". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22720310a94664492.en.
  5. ^ Melo, Martim; Stervander, Martin; Hansson, Bengt; Jones, Peter J. (2017-07-01). "The endangered São Tomé Grosbeak Neospiza concolor is the world's largest canary". Ibis. 159 (3): 673–679. doi:10.1111/ibi.12466. ISSN 1474-919X.
  6. ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David (eds.). "Finches, euphonias". World Bird List Version 5.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 5 June 2015.

External links


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