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Added more detailed information about electronic organizers along with references. Also fixed a few spelling and grammatical errors.
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{{unreferenced|date=July 2008}}
{{unreferenced|date=July 2008}}
An '''electronic organizer''' (or '''electric organizer''') is a small [[calculator]]-sized computer, often with an in-built [[diary]] application but few other functions such as an address book and calendar. It normally has a small [[alphanumeric]] keypad and an [[liquid crystal display|LCD]] screen of one, two or three lines. The electronic diary or organiser was invented by an Indian [[Sam Pitroda|Satyan Pitroda]] in 1975. He is regarded as one of the earliest pioneers of hand-held computing because of his invention of the Electronic Diary in 1975.<ref>https://www.computerhistory.org/revolution/mobile-computing/18/318/1716</ref>
An '''electronic organizer''' (or '''electric organizer''') is a small [[calculator]]-sized computer, often with an built-in [[diary]] application and other functions such as an address book and calendar. It normally has a small [[alphanumeric]] keypad and an [[liquid crystal display|LCD]] screen of one, two, or three lines. The electronic diary or organizer was invented by an Indian businessman [[Sam Pitroda|Satyan Pitroda]] in 1975. He is regarded as one of the earliest pioneers of hand-held computing because of his invention of the Electronic Diary in 1975.<ref>https://www.computerhistory.org/revolution/mobile-computing/18/318/1716</ref>
[[Image:SharpElectronicOrganiser-open.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Opened Sharp Electric Organizer model (sold as Sharp Wizard in the US) model ZQ-770.]]
[[Image:SharpElectronicOrganiser-open.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Opened Sharp Electric Organizer model (sold as Sharp Wizard in the US) model ZQ-770.]]
[[Image:Casio Digital Diary SF-R20 open.JPG|right|thumb|Casio SF-R20 Digital Diary featuring 256KB RAM, from around 1993.]]
[[Image:Casio Digital Diary SF-R20 open.JPG|right|thumb|Casio SF-R20 Digital Diary featuring 256KB RAM, from around 1993.]]
[[Image:BN-40A 2.JPG|right|thumb|Casio Business Navigator BN-40A.]]
[[Image:BN-40A 2.JPG|right|thumb|Casio Business Navigator BN-40A.]]


They were very popular especially with businessmen during the 1990s, but because of the advent of [[personal digital assistants]], and later [[smartphones]] in the 2000s and 2010s respectively, both of which have a larger set of features, electronic organizers are mostly seen today for research purposes. One of the leading research topics being the study of how electronics can help people with mental disabilities use this type of equipment to aid their daily life.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bryen|first=Diane Nelson|last2=Carey|first2=Allison|last3=Friedman|first3=Mark|date=2007-02|title=Cell Phone Use by Adults With Intellectual Disabilities|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556(2007)45[1:cpubaw]2.0.co;2|journal=Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities|volume=45|issue=1|pages=1–2|doi=10.1352/1934-9556(2007)45[1:cpubaw]2.0.co;2|issn=1934-9491}}</ref> Electronic organizers have more recently been used to support people with Alzheimer's disease to have a visual representation of a schedule. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Imbeault|first=Hélène|last2=Pigot|first2=Hélène|last3=Bier|first3=Nathalie|last4=Gagnon|first4=Lise|last5=Marcotte|first5=Nicolas|last6=Giroux|first6=Sylvain|last7=Fülüp|first7=Tamas|date=2011|editor-last=Abdulrazak|editor-first=Bessam|editor2-last=Giroux|editor2-first=Sylvain|editor3-last=Bouchard|editor3-first=Bruno|editor4-last=Pigot|editor4-first=Hélène|editor5-last=Mokhtari|editor5-first=Mounir|title=Interdisciplinary Design of an Electronic Organizer for Persons with Alzheimer’s Disease|url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-21535-3_18|journal=Toward Useful Services for Elderly and People with Disabilities|series=Lecture Notes in Computer Science|language=en|publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg|pages=137–144|doi=10.1007/978-3-642-21535-3_18|isbn=978-3-642-21535-3}}</ref>
They were very popular especially with businessmen during the 1990s, but because of the advent of [[personal digital assistants]], and later [[smartphones]] in the 2000s and 2010s respectively, both of which have a larger set of features, electronic organizers are rarely seen today.


==Casio digital diary==
==Casio digital diary==
Casio digital diaries were produced by [[Casio]] in the early and mid 1990s, but have since been entirely superseded by Mobile Phones and PDAs.
Casio digital diaries were produced by [[Casio]] in the early and mid 1990s, but have since been entirely superseded by Mobile Phones and PDAs.
<br />

==Other electronic organizers ==

While Casio was a major role player in the field of electronic organizers there were many different ideas, patent request, and manufacturers of the electronic organizers<ref>{{Cite patent|title=Combination pager, organizer and radio|gdate=1997-06-13|url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US5929774A/en}}</ref>. [[Rolodex]] who is namely known for their index card holders in the 1980's, [[Sharp Electronics]] who is mostly known for their printers and audio visual equipment, and lastly Royal electronics were all large contributors to the electronic organizer in its heyday. <br />


===Features===
===Features===

Revision as of 00:56, 13 December 2019

An electronic organizer (or electric organizer) is a small calculator-sized computer, often with an built-in diary application and other functions such as an address book and calendar. It normally has a small alphanumeric keypad and an LCD screen of one, two, or three lines. The electronic diary or organizer was invented by an Indian businessman Satyan Pitroda in 1975. He is regarded as one of the earliest pioneers of hand-held computing because of his invention of the Electronic Diary in 1975.[1]

Opened Sharp Electric Organizer model (sold as Sharp Wizard in the US) model ZQ-770.
Casio SF-R20 Digital Diary featuring 256KB RAM, from around 1993.
Casio Business Navigator BN-40A.

They were very popular especially with businessmen during the 1990s, but because of the advent of personal digital assistants, and later smartphones in the 2000s and 2010s respectively, both of which have a larger set of features, electronic organizers are mostly seen today for research purposes. One of the leading research topics being the study of how electronics can help people with mental disabilities use this type of equipment to aid their daily life.[2] Electronic organizers have more recently been used to support people with Alzheimer's disease to have a visual representation of a schedule. [3]

Casio digital diary

Casio digital diaries were produced by Casio in the early and mid 1990s, but have since been entirely superseded by Mobile Phones and PDAs.

Other electronic organizers

While Casio was a major role player in the field of electronic organizers there were many different ideas, patent request, and manufacturers of the electronic organizers[4]. Rolodex who is namely known for their index card holders in the 1980's, Sharp Electronics who is mostly known for their printers and audio visual equipment, and lastly Royal electronics were all large contributors to the electronic organizer in its heyday.

Features

  • Telephone directory
  • Schedule keeper: Keep track of appointments.
  • Memo function: Store text data such as price lists, airplane schedules, and more.
  • To do list: Keep track of daily tasks, checking off items as you complete them.
  • World time: Find out the current time in virtually any location on the globe.
  • Secret memory area: The secret memory area keeps personal data private. Once a password is registered, data is locked away until the password is used to access the secret area.
  • Alarm
  • Metric conversion function: Conversion between metric units and another measurement unit.
  • Currency conversion function
  • Game: Some machines included a game such as Poker or Blackjack.

See also

References

  1. ^ https://www.computerhistory.org/revolution/mobile-computing/18/318/1716
  2. ^ Bryen, Diane Nelson; Carey, Allison; Friedman, Mark (2007-02). "Cell Phone Use by Adults With Intellectual Disabilities". Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. 45 (1): 1–2. doi:10.1352/1934-9556(2007)45[1:cpubaw]2.0.co;2. ISSN 1934-9491. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  3. ^ Imbeault, Hélène; Pigot, Hélène; Bier, Nathalie; Gagnon, Lise; Marcotte, Nicolas; Giroux, Sylvain; Fülüp, Tamas (2011). Abdulrazak, Bessam; Giroux, Sylvain; Bouchard, Bruno; Pigot, Hélène; Mokhtari, Mounir (eds.). "Interdisciplinary Design of an Electronic Organizer for Persons with Alzheimer's Disease". Toward Useful Services for Elderly and People with Disabilities. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg: 137–144. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-21535-3_18. ISBN 978-3-642-21535-3.
  4. ^ [1], "Combination pager, organizer and radio", issued 1997-06-13 

External links

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