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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox planet
{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet= yes
| minorplanet = yes
| name= 791 Ani
| name = 791 Ani
| background= #D6D6D6
| background = #D6D6D6
| image = 000791-asteroid shape model (791) Ani.png
| image = 000791-asteroid shape model (791) Ani.png
| image_size = 250
| image_size = 250
| caption = Modelled shape of ''Ani'' from its [[lightcurve]]
| caption = Modelled shape of ''Ani'' from its [[lightcurve]]
| discovery_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="MPC-object" />
| mpc_name= (791) Ani
| discoverer = [[Grigory Neujmin|G. Neujmin]]
| alt_names= 1914 UV
| discovery_site = [[Simeiz Observatory|Simeiz Obs.]]
| discoverer= [[G. N. Neujmin]]
| discovered= 29 June 1914
| discovered = 29 June 1914
| mpc_name = (791) Ani
| discovery_site= [[Simeis]]
| alt_names = A914 MB{{·}}1949 WH<br />1964 PO{{·}}1975 XM<br />1914 UV
| mp_category = [[main-belt]]{{·}}{{small|([[Kirkwood gap|outer]])}}<br />[[Meliboea family|Meliboea]]&thinsp;<ref name="Ferret" />
| pronounced =
| epoch= 31 July 2016 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2457600.5)
| named_after = Historic city of [[Ani]]&thinsp;<ref name="springer" />
| eccentricity= 0.19618
| mp_category = [[main-belt]]&thinsp;<ref name="MPC-object" /><ref name="jpldata" />{{·}}{{small|([[Kirkwood gap|outer]])}}<br />[[Meliboea family|Meliboea]]&thinsp;<ref name="Ferret" /><ref name="Zappala-family" />{{·}}[[Background asteroid|Bg]]&thinsp;<ref name="AstDys-object" />
| semimajor= {{Convert|3.1191|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
| orbit_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| perihelion= {{Convert|2.5072|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
| epoch = 31 May 2020 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2459000.5)
| aphelion= {{Convert|3.7310|AU|Gm|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| uncertainty = 0
| period= 5.51 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (2012.1 [[Julian year (astronomy)|d]])
| observation_arc = 104.08 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (38,017 d)
| inclination= 16.386°
| aphelion = 3.7242 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
| asc_node= 130.022°
| perihelion = 2.5197 AU
| arg_peri= 201.557°
| semimajor = 3.1219 AU
| mean_anomaly= 142.785[[Degree (angle)|°]]
| eccentricity = 0.1929
| mean_motion= {{Deg2DMS|0.17892|sup=ms}} / day
| period = 5.52 yr (2,015 d)
| orbit_ref= <ref name="jpldata">{{Cite web |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=791;cad=1 |title=791 Ani (1914 UV) |work=[[JPL Small-Body Database]] |publisher=[[NASA]]/[[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]] |access-date=4 May 2016}}</ref>
| mean_anomaly = 33.057[[Degree (angle)|°]]
| observation_arc= 100.36 yr (36657 d)
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.1787|sup=ms}} / day
| uncertainty= 0
| abs_magnitude= 9.25
| inclination = 16.381°
| asc_node = 129.81°
| rotation= {{Convert|16.72|h|d|abbr=on|lk=on}}
| arg_peri = 201.49°
| albedo= {{val|0.0329|0.001}}
| mean_radius= {{val|51.76|0.95}} [[Kilometre|km]]
| dimensions = {{val|65.7|x|103.5|ul=km}}
| mean_diameter = {{plainlist|
| moid= {{Convert|1.50186|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
* {{val|97.87|1.15|u=km}}<ref name="AKARI" />
| jupiter_moid= {{Convert|1.62857|AU|Gm|abbr=on}}
* {{val|99.799|11.027|u=km}}<ref name="Mainzer-2016" />
| tisserand= 3.125
* {{val|103.52|1.9|u=km}}<ref name="SIMPS" />
}}
| rotation = {{val|11.174|0.004|ul=h}}<ref name="Polakis-2018e" />
| pole_ecliptic_lat= {{plainlist|
* {{nowrap|(94.0°, −25.0°) (λ<sub>1</sub>/β<sub>1</sub>)<ref name="lcdb" />}}
* (269.0°, 4.0°) (λ<sub>2</sub>/β<sub>2</sub>)<ref name="lcdb" />
}}
| albedo = {{plainlist|
* {{val|0.0329|0.001}}<ref name="SIMPS" />
* {{val|0.035|0.016}}<ref name="Mainzer-2016" />
* {{val|0.037|0.001}}<ref name="AKARI" />
}}
| spectral_type = {{plainlist|
* [[Tholen classification|Tholen]] {{=}} [[C-type asteroid|C]]&thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
* [[C-type asteroid|C]] {{small|([[Small Solar System Objects Spectroscopic Survey|S3OS2]]-TH)}}<ref name="Lazzaro-2004" />
* [[C-type asteroid|C]]h {{small|(S3OS2-BB)}}<ref name="Lazzaro-2004" />
* [[Asteroid color indices|B–V]] {{=}} {{val|0.708|0.020}}<ref name="jpldata" />
* [[Asteroid color indices|U–B]] {{=}} {{val|0.282|0.026}}<ref name="jpldata" />
}}
| abs_magnitude = {{plainlist|
* 9.2<ref name="MPC-object" /><ref name="jpldata" />
* 9.25<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="AKARI" /><ref name="Mainzer-2016" /><ref name="SIMPS" />}}
}}
}}


'''791 Ani''' ([[Minor planet provisional designation|''prov. designation'']]: {{mp|A914 MB}} ''or'' {{mp|1914 UV}}) is a very large [[asteroid]] of the [[Meliboea family]], located in the outer regions of the [[asteroid belt]]. It was discovered on 29 June 1914, by Russian astronomer [[Grigory Neujmin]] at the [[Simeiz Observatory]] on the Crimean peninsula.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The dark carbonaceous [[C-type asteroid]] has a [[rotation period]] of 11.2 hours and measures approximately {{val|65.7|x|103.5}} kilometers, with a mean-diameter of {{convert|100|km|mi|abbr=on|sigfig=2|sp=us}}. It was named after the historic Armenian city of [[Ani]].<ref name="springer" />
'''791 Ani''' is a [[Meliboea family|Meliboean]] [[asteroid]] orbiting the [[Sun]] in the [[asteroid belt]]. It is named after the [[medieval]] [[Armenian people|Armenian]] [[Bagratuni Kingdom of Armenia|kingdom]] capital, [[Ani]].

== Orbit and classification ==

''Ani'' is a member of the [[Meliboea family]] ({{small|[[FIN tbl#604|604]]}}),<ref name="Ferret" /><ref name="Zappala-family" /> a small [[Asteroid family|family]] of carbonaceous asteroids in the [[Kirkwood gap|outer]] main belt, named after its principal body, [[137 Meliboea]].<ref name="Nesvorny-2014" />{{rp|23}} However, according to another HCM-analysis by [[Andrea Milani (mathematician)|Milani]] and [[Zoran Knežević (astronomer)|Knežević]] (AstDys), it is a [[background asteroid]] as this analysis does not recognize the Meliboea family.<ref name="AstDys-object" /> ''Ani'' orbits the Sun in the [[Kirkwood gap|outer]] asteroid belt at a distance of 2.5–3.7&nbsp;[[Astronomical unit|AU]] once every 5 years and 6 months (2,015 days; [[semi-major axis]] of 3.12&nbsp;AU). Its orbit has an [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.19 and an [[orbital inclination|inclination]] of 16[[Degree (angle)|°]] with respect to the [[ecliptic]].<ref name="jpldata" /> The body's [[observation arc]] begins at [[Algiers Observatory]] in North Africa on 6 December 1915, some 17 months after its official discovery observation at [[Simeiz Observatory]].<ref name="MPC-object" />

== Naming ==

This [[minor planet]] was named after the medieval city of [[Ani]], which was destroyed by an earthquake in 1319. The ruins of the former capital of the Armenian kingdom are located near the border to Armenia, in what is now Turkey. Ani was known as "the city of 1001 churches". The {{MoMP|791|naming}} was also mentioned in ''[[The Names of the Minor Planets]]'' by [[Paul Herget]] in 1955 ({{small|[[Herget's discovery circumstances|H 79]]}}).<ref name="springer" />

== Physical characteristics ==

In the [[Tholen classification]], ''Ani'' is a common, carbonaceous [[C-type asteroid]].<ref name="jpldata" /> It is also a common C-type in the Tholen-like taxonomy of the [[Small Solar System Objects Spectroscopic Survey]] (S3OS2), while in the survey's SMASS-like taxonomic variant, the asteroid is a hydrated carbonaceous subtype (Ch).<ref name="Ferret" /><ref name="Lazzaro-2004" />

=== Rotation period and poles ===

In May 2018, a rotational [[lightcurve]] of ''Ani'' was obtained from [[Photometry (astronomy)|photometric]] observations by American amateur astronomer [[Tom Polakis]] at the Command Module Observatory {{Obscode|V02}} in Arizona . Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined [[rotation period]] of {{val|11.174|0.004}} hours with a brightness variation of {{val|0.28|0.02}} [[Magnitude (astronomy)|magnitude]] ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=3]]}}).<ref name="Polakis-2018e" />

In June 2002, [[Brian D. Warner|Brian Warner]] at his [[Palmer Divide Observatory]] first observed this asteroid and later derived a period of {{val|16.8|0.1}} hours and an amplitude of {{val|0.35|0.05}} magnitude, based on poor data ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=1]]}}).{{efn|name=lcdb-Warner-2011}} In December 2004, and in May 2007, two periods of {{val|22.850|0.003|u=h}} and {{val|22.85|0.05|u=h}} with a corresponding amplitude of {{val|0.17|0.01}} and {{val|0.38|0.02}} magnitude were determined by European astronomers Raymond Poncy {{Obscode|177}} as wells as Yves Revaz, [[Raoul Behrend]], [[Alain Klotz]], Michel Hernandez, Robert Soubie, Jean-François Gauthier, Bernard Tregon, [[Pierre Antonini]], [[Laurent Bernasconi]], Federico Manzini {{Obscode|A12}}, Yassine Damerdji and Horacio Correia. The two periods are slightly longer than twice Polakis{{'}} period solution ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=2/2−]]}}).<ref name="geneva-obs" /> In April 2007, astronomers at the [[Oakley Observatory]] {{Obscode|916}}, Indiana, obtained a period of {{val|16.72|0.03}} hours and an amplitude of {{val|0.32|0.05}} magnitude ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=2]]}}).<ref name="Sauppe-2007" /> In February 2011, French amateur astronomer [[René Roy (astronomer)|René Roy]] determined a period of {{val|12|0.5}} hours and a brightness variation of {{val|0.38|0.02}} magnitude ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=2]]}}).<ref name="geneva-obs" />
A modeled lightcurve by [[Josef Ďurech]] and [[Josef Hanuš]], using photometric data including from the ''Lowell Photometric Database'' and from the [[Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer]] (WISE) was published in 2018. It gave a sidereal period of {{val|11.16954|0.00002}} and two [[Poles of astronomical bodies|spin axes]] at (94.0°, −25.0°) and (269.0°, 4.0°) in [[Ecliptic coordinate system|ecliptic coordinates]] (λ,&thinsp;β).<ref name="Durech-2018c" /><ref name="lcdb" />

=== Diameter and albedo ===

According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese [[Akari (satellite)|Akari satellite]], the [[NEOWISE]] mission of NASA's [[Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer]] (WISE), and the Infrared Astronomical Satellite [[IRAS]], ''Ani'' measures ({{val|97.87|1.15}}), ({{val|99.799|11.027}}) and ({{val|103.52|1.9}}) kilometers in diameter and its surface has an [[astronomical albedo|albedo]] of ({{val|0.037|0.001}}), ({{val|0.035|0.016}}) and ({{val|0.0329|0.001}}), respectively.<ref name="AKARI" /><ref name="Mainzer-2016" /><ref name="SIMPS" /> The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0329 and a diameter of 103.52 kilometers based on an [[absolute magnitude]] of 9.25.<ref name="lcdb" /> Alternative mean-diameter measurements published by the WISE team include ({{val|82.500|5.957|ul=km}}), ({{val|83.31|21.31|ul=km}}), ({{val|93.29|31.33|u=km}}) and ({{val|116.865|1.024|u=km}}) with corresponding albedos of ({{val|0.0518|0.0131}}), ({{val|0.04|0.02}}), ({{val|0.04|0.02}}) and ({{val|0.026|0.003}}).<ref name="Ferret" /><ref name="lcdb" /> On 7 April 2000, an [[asteroid occultation]] of ''Ani'' gave a best-fit ellipse dimension of ({{val|65.7|x|103.5|u=km}}) with a good quality rating of 3. These timed observations are taken when the asteroid passes in front of a distant star.<ref name="Ferret" />

== Notes ==
{{notelist|refs=

{{efn|name=lcdb-Warner-2011|1=[http://www.minorplanetobserver.com/pdolc/A791_2002.HTM Lightcurve plot of (791) Ani], Palmer Divide Observatory, [[Brian D. Warner|B. D. Warner]] (2002). Rotation period {{val|16.8|0.1}} hours with a brightness amplitude of >{{val|0.1}} mag, based on a revision from 2011. Quality code is 1. Summary figures at the [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=791 LCDB].}}

}} <!-- end of notelist -->


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist|refs=
{{reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
|type = 2020-01-06 last obs.
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 791 Ani (A914 MB)
|url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2000791
|publisher = [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
|accessdate = 28 March 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="springer">{{cite book
|title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names
|last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D.
|publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg
|chapter = (791) Ani
|page = 74
|date = 2007
|doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_792
|isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3}}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web
|title = 791 Ani (A914 MB)
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=791
|accessdate = 28 March 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="geneva-obs">{{cite web
|title = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (791) Ani
|last = Behrend |first = Raoul
|publisher = [[Geneva Observatory]]
|url = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page3cou.html#000791
|accessdate = 28 March 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="SIMPS">{{cite journal
|first1 = E. F. |last1 = Tedesco
|first2 = P. V. |last2 = Noah
|first3 = M. |last3 = Noah
|first4 = S. D. |last4 = Price
|date = October 2004
|title = IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0
|url = https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab
|journal = NASA Planetary Data System
|volume = 12
|pages = IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0
|bibcode = 2004PDSS...12.....T
|accessdate = 28 March 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="AKARI">{{cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui
|first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda
|first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller
|first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa
|first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro
|first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo
|first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara
|first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza
|first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita
|first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu
|first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno
|first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara
|first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka
|date = October 2011
|title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey
|url = http://pasj.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/5/1117.full.pdf+html
|journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
|volume = 63
|issue = 5
|pages = 1117–1138
|bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U
|doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117
|access-date= 28 March 2020}} ([http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-source=J/PASJ/63/1117/acua_v1&Num=791 online], [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43545172.pdf AcuA catalog p. 153])</ref>

<ref name="Mainzer-2016">{{cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = A. K. |last1 = Mainzer
|first2 = J. M. |last2 = Bauer
|first3 = R. M. |last3 = Cutri
|first4 = T. |last4 = Grav
|first5 = E. A. |last5 = Kramer
|first6 = J. R. |last6 = Masiero
|first7 = C. R. |last7 = Nugent
|first8 = S. M. |last8 = Sonnett
|first9 = R. A. |last9 = Stevenson
|first10 = E. L. |last10 = Wright
|date = June 2016
|title = NEOWISE Diameters and Albedos V1.0
|url = https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/non_mission/EAR_A_COMPIL_5_NEOWISEDIAM_V1_0/data/neowise_mainbelt.tab
|journal = NASA Planetary Data System
|bibcode = 2016PDSS..247.....M
|access-date= 28 March 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="lcdb">{{cite web
|title = LCDB Data for (791) Ani
|publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=791
|accessdate = 28 March 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Sauppe-2007">{{cite journal
|last1 = Sauppe |first1 = Jason
|last2 = Torno |first2 = Steven
|last3 = Lemke-Oliver |first3 = Robert
|last4 = Ditteon |first4 = Richard
|date = December 2007
|title = Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Oakley Observatory - March/April 2007
|journal = Minor Planet Bulletin
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/MPB/issues/MPB_34-4.pdf
|volume = 34
|issue = 4
|pages = 119–122
|bibcode = 2007MPBu...34..119S
|issn = 1052-8091
|accessdate = 28 March 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Polakis-2018e">{{cite journal
|last1 = Polakis |first1 = Tom
|date = October 2018
|title = Lightcurve Analysis for Fourteen Main-belt Minor Planets
|journal = Minor Planet Bulletin
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/MPB/issues/MPB_45-4.pdf
|volume = 45
|issue = 4
|pages = 347–352
|bibcode = 2018MPBu...45..347P
|issn = 1052-8091
|accessdate = 28 March 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Durech-2018c">{{cite journal
|last1 = Ďurech |first1 = J.
|last2 = Hanuš |first2 = J.
|last3 = Alí-Lagoa |first3 = V.
|date = September 2018
|title = Asteroid models reconstructed from the Lowell Photometric Database and WISE data
|journal = Astronomy and Astrophysics
|volume = 617
|page = A57
|bibcode = 2018A&A...617A..57D
|issn = 0004-6361
|doi = 10.1051/0004-6361/201833437
|arxiv = 1807.02083}}</ref>


<ref name="Ferret">{{cite web
<ref name="Ferret">{{cite web
Line 44: Line 236:
|work = Small Bodies Data Ferret
|work = Small Bodies Data Ferret
|url = https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=791+Ani#Asteroid%20791%20AniEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0
|url = https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=791+Ani#Asteroid%20791%20AniEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0
|accessdate = 31 October 2019}}</ref>
|accessdate = 28 March 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="AstDys-object">{{cite web
|title = Asteroid 791 Ani – Proper Elements
|publisher = AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site
|url = https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.6&n=791
|access-date= 28 March 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Nesvorny-2014">{{Cite journal
|first1 = D. |last1 = Nesvorný
|first2 = M. |last2 = Broz
|first3 = V. |last3 = Carruba
|date = December 2014
|title = Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families
|url = https://arxiv.org/pdf/1502.01628.pdf
|journal = Asteroids IV
|pages = 297–321
|bibcode = 2015aste.book..297N
|doi = 10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016
|arxiv = 1502.01628
|access-date= 28 March 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Zappala-family">{{cite journal
|last1 = Zappalà |first1 = V.
|last2 = Bendjoya |first2 = Ph.
|last3 = Cellino |first3 = A.
|last4 = Farinella |first4 = P.
|last5 = Froeschle |first5 = C.
|date = 1997
|title = Asteroid Dynamical Families
|url = https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/non_mission/EAR_A_5_DDR_FAMILY_V4_1/data/family.tab
|journal = NASA Planetary Data System
|pages = EAR-A-5-DDR-FAMILY-V4.1
|accessdate = 28 March 2020}}} ([https://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/family.html PDS main page])</ref>

<ref name="Lazzaro-2004">{{Cite journal
|first1 = D. |last1 = Lazzaro
|first2 = C. A. |last2 = Angeli
|first3 = J. M. |last3 = Carvano
|first4 = T. |last4 = Mothé-Diniz
|first5 = R. |last5 = Duffard
|first6 = M. |last6 = Florczak
|date = November 2004
|title = S3OS2: the visible spectroscopic survey of 820 asteroids
|url = http://sirrah.troja.mff.cuni.cz/yarko-site/tmp/eos/NEW/spectral_type_figure/s3os2.pdf
|journal = Icarus
|volume = 172
|issue = 1
|pages = 179–220
|bibcode = 2004Icar..172..179L
|doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2004.06.006
|access-date= 28 March 2020}}</ref>


}} <!-- end of reflist -->
}} <!-- end of reflist -->


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.minorplanetobserver.com/pdolc/A791_2002.HTM Lightcurve plot of 791 Ani], Palmer Divide Observatory, [[Brian D. Warner|B. D. Warner]] (2002)
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/OneAsteroidInfo.php Lightcurve Database Query] (LCDB), at ''www.minorplanet.info''
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info])
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – ''Geneva Observatory'', Raoul Behrend
* [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* [http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* {{AstDys|791}}
* {{AstDys|791}}
* {{JPL small body}}
* {{JPL small body}}


{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Minor planets navigator |790 Pretoria |number=791 |792 Metcalfia}}
{{Minor planets navigator |790 Pretoria |number=791 |792 Metcalfia}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:000791}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ani}}
[[Category:Meliboea asteroids]]
[[Category:Meliboea asteroids|000791]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Grigory Neujmin|Ani]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Grigory Neujmin]]
[[Category:Minor planets named for places|Ani]]
[[Category:Minor planets named for places]]
[[Category:Named minor planets|Ani]]
[[Category:Named minor planets]]
[[Category:C-type asteroids (Tholen)]]
[[Category:C-type asteroids (Tholen)|000791]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1914|19140629]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1914|19140629]]


{{Beltasteroid-stub}}

Revision as of 04:39, 29 March 2020

791 Ani
Modelled shape of Ani from its lightcurve
Discovery [1]
Discovered byG. Neujmin
Discovery siteSimeiz Obs.
Discovery date29 June 1914
Designations
(791) Ani
Named after
Historic city of Ani [2]
A914 MB · 1949 WH
1964 PO · 1975 XM
1914 UV
main-belt [1][3] · (outer)
Meliboea [4][5] · Bg [6]
Orbital characteristics [3]
Epoch 31 May 2020 (JD 2459000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc104.08 yr (38,017 d)
Aphelion3.7242 AU
Perihelion2.5197 AU
3.1219 AU
Eccentricity0.1929
5.52 yr (2,015 d)
33.057°
0° 10m 43.32s / day
Inclination16.381°
129.81°
201.49°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions65.7 km × 103.5 km
Mean diameter
  • 97.87±1.15 km[7]
  • 99.799±11.027 km[8]
  • 103.52±1.9 km[9]
11.174±0.004 h[10]
  • (94.0°, −25.0°) (λ1/β1)[11]
  • (269.0°, 4.0°) (λ2/β2)[11]
  • 0.0329±0.001[9]
  • 0.035±0.016[8]
  • 0.037±0.001[7]

791 Ani (prov. designation: A914 MB or 1914 UV) is a very large asteroid of the Meliboea family, located in the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 29 June 1914, by Russian astronomer Grigory Neujmin at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula.[1] The dark carbonaceous C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 11.2 hours and measures approximately 65.7 × 103.5 kilometers, with a mean-diameter of 100 km (62 mi). It was named after the historic Armenian city of Ani.[2]

Orbit and classification

Ani is a member of the Meliboea family (604),[4][5] a small family of carbonaceous asteroids in the outer main belt, named after its principal body, 137 Meliboea.[13]: 23  However, according to another HCM-analysis by Milani and Knežević (AstDys), it is a background asteroid as this analysis does not recognize the Meliboea family.[6] Ani orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.5–3.7 AU once every 5 years and 6 months (2,015 days; semi-major axis of 3.12 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.19 and an inclination of 16° with respect to the ecliptic.[3] The body's observation arc begins at Algiers Observatory in North Africa on 6 December 1915, some 17 months after its official discovery observation at Simeiz Observatory.[1]

Naming

This minor planet was named after the medieval city of Ani, which was destroyed by an earthquake in 1319. The ruins of the former capital of the Armenian kingdom are located near the border to Armenia, in what is now Turkey. Ani was known as "the city of 1001 churches". The naming was also mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 79).[2]

Physical characteristics

In the Tholen classification, Ani is a common, carbonaceous C-type asteroid.[3] It is also a common C-type in the Tholen-like taxonomy of the Small Solar System Objects Spectroscopic Survey (S3OS2), while in the survey's SMASS-like taxonomic variant, the asteroid is a hydrated carbonaceous subtype (Ch).[4][12]

Rotation period and poles

In May 2018, a rotational lightcurve of Ani was obtained from photometric observations by American amateur astronomer Tom Polakis at the Command Module Observatory (V02) in Arizona . Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 11.174±0.004 hours with a brightness variation of 0.28±0.02 magnitude (U=3).[10]

In June 2002, Brian Warner at his Palmer Divide Observatory first observed this asteroid and later derived a period of 16.8±0.1 hours and an amplitude of 0.35±0.05 magnitude, based on poor data (U=1).[a] In December 2004, and in May 2007, two periods of 22.850±0.003 h and 22.85±0.05 h with a corresponding amplitude of 0.17±0.01 and 0.38±0.02 magnitude were determined by European astronomers Raymond Poncy (177) as wells as Yves Revaz, Raoul Behrend, Alain Klotz, Michel Hernandez, Robert Soubie, Jean-François Gauthier, Bernard Tregon, Pierre Antonini, Laurent Bernasconi, Federico Manzini (A12), Yassine Damerdji and Horacio Correia. The two periods are slightly longer than twice Polakis' period solution (U=2/2−).[14] In April 2007, astronomers at the Oakley Observatory (916), Indiana, obtained a period of 16.72±0.03 hours and an amplitude of 0.32±0.05 magnitude (U=2).[15] In February 2011, French amateur astronomer René Roy determined a period of 12±0.5 hours and a brightness variation of 0.38±0.02 magnitude (U=2).[14]

A modeled lightcurve by Josef Ďurech and Josef Hanuš, using photometric data including from the Lowell Photometric Database and from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) was published in 2018. It gave a sidereal period of 11.16954±0.00002 and two spin axes at (94.0°, −25.0°) and (269.0°, 4.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).[16][11]

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite, the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), and the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, Ani measures (97.87±1.15), (99.799±11.027) and (103.52±1.9) kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of (0.037±0.001), (0.035±0.016) and (0.0329±0.001), respectively.[7][8][9] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0329 and a diameter of 103.52 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.25.[11] Alternative mean-diameter measurements published by the WISE team include (82.500±5.957 km), (83.31±21.31 km), (93.29±31.33 km) and (116.865±1.024 km) with corresponding albedos of (0.0518±0.0131), (0.04±0.02), (0.04±0.02) and (0.026±0.003).[4][11] On 7 April 2000, an asteroid occultation of Ani gave a best-fit ellipse dimension of (65.7 km × 103.5 km) with a good quality rating of 3. These timed observations are taken when the asteroid passes in front of a distant star.[4]

Notes

  1. ^ Lightcurve plot of (791) Ani, Palmer Divide Observatory, B. D. Warner (2002). Rotation period 16.8±0.1 hours with a brightness amplitude of >0.1 mag, based on a revision from 2011. Quality code is 1. Summary figures at the LCDB.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e "791 Ani (A914 MB)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  2. ^ a b c Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(791) Ani". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 74. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_792. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 791 Ani (A914 MB)" (2020-01-06 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  4. ^ a b c d e "Asteroid 791 Ani – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  5. ^ a b Zappalà, V.; Bendjoya, Ph.; Cellino, A.; Farinella, P.; Froeschle, C. (1997). "Asteroid Dynamical Families". NASA Planetary Data System: EAR-A-5-DDR-FAMILY-V4.1. Retrieved 28 March 2020.} (PDS main page)
  6. ^ a b "Asteroid 791 Ani – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  7. ^ a b c d Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 28 March 2020. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
  8. ^ a b c d Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; Kramer, E. A.; Masiero, J. R.; et al. (June 2016). "NEOWISE Diameters and Albedos V1.0". NASA Planetary Data System. Bibcode:2016PDSS..247.....M. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  9. ^ a b c d Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  10. ^ a b Polakis, Tom (October 2018). "Lightcurve Analysis for Fourteen Main-belt Minor Planets" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 45 (4): 347–352. Bibcode:2018MPBu...45..347P. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  11. ^ a b c d e f "LCDB Data for (791) Ani". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  12. ^ a b c Lazzaro, D.; Angeli, C. A.; Carvano, J. M.; Mothé-Diniz, T.; Duffard, R.; Florczak, M. (November 2004). "S3OS2: the visible spectroscopic survey of 820 asteroids" (PDF). Icarus. 172 (1): 179–220. Bibcode:2004Icar..172..179L. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.06.006. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  13. ^ Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families" (PDF). Asteroids IV: 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  14. ^ a b Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (791) Ani". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  15. ^ Sauppe, Jason; Torno, Steven; Lemke-Oliver, Robert; Ditteon, Richard (December 2007). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Oakley Observatory - March/April 2007" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 34 (4): 119–122. Bibcode:2007MPBu...34..119S. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  16. ^ Ďurech, J.; Hanuš, J.; Alí-Lagoa, V. (September 2018). "Asteroid models reconstructed from the Lowell Photometric Database and WISE data". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 617: A57. arXiv:1807.02083. Bibcode:2018A&A...617A..57D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833437. ISSN 0004-6361.

External links

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