BAV 485
| BAV-A/ZIL-485A | |
|---|---|
 A ZIS-485 at the Lubuskie Muzeum Wojskowe (Lubuskie Military Museum), Drzonów, Poland | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Automotive Factory No. 2 Zavod imeni Likhacheva (Likachev Motor Factory) |
| Also called |
|
| Production | 1952–1962 |
| Assembly | Moscow, Soviet Union |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | 6x6 amphibious transport |
| Body style | waterproofed hull |
| Layout | Front engine, six-wheel-drive |
| Platform | |
| Related | ZIS-151, ZIL-157, BTR-152 |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 5.6L ZIS-123 I6[1][2] |
| Transmission |
|
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 4,225 mm (166.3 in)[2] |
| Length | 9.54 m (31.3 ft)[3] |
| Width | 2.8 m (9.2 ft) |
| Height | 2.66 m (8.7 ft) (with top-mounted) |
| Curb weight | 7,150 kg (15,760 lb) |
The ZIS-485, army designation BAV (Russian, БАВ, большой автомобиль водоплавающий - bolshoi avtomobil vodoplavayushchiy, big floating vehicle), is a Soviet amphibious transport, a copy of the WWII American DUKW.
During World War II, the Soviets received 586 DUKW-353 amphibious trucks under the Lend-Lease Act.[4] The design was regarded as successful, so it was decided to build a similar domestic vehicle. Due to lack of own experience, the DUKW was copied, although with improvements enhancing its capability.[citation needed] The prototype was built in 1949 in ZIS subsidiary DAZ in Dnepropetrovsk, but a production started at ZIS factory, as ZIS-485.[4] Introduced in 1952,[5] it was intended to complement the GAZ-46 4x4 amphibious reconnaissance vehicle, but using the ZIS-151 6x6 truck (also used in the BTR-152)[6] as its basis.[5] Similar in size to the DUKW, which it resembles, the BAV has a rear tail gate making loading and unloading easier, rather than all cargo being loaded over the side by crane. Also a platform was enlarged by 1/3, to 10.44 m².[4]
Initially based on ZIS-151 truck, after the introduction of the improved ZIL-157 the vehicle was modernized using its components now bearing the designation ZIL-485A (army designation was BAV-A). Its production started in 1958, but it ceased in ZIL factory in 1959, after manufacturing 2005 ZIS/ZIL-485.[7] It was planned to move the production to BAZ works in Bryansk, but only 24 vehicles were completed there by 1962.[7]
The cargo body is open, but a canvas cover is available.
Propulsion in water is by means of propeller.
BAVs were used in service by Warsaw Pact Armies and in the Middle East up to the 1980s.[8]
In use by the Soviet Union and its allies and client states the BAV was gradually replaced by the much larger tracked PTS amphibious vehicles.
Specification
- Rear axle clearance:
- Ground clearance:
- Front track: 1,590 mm (62.6 in)
- Rear track: 1,720 mm (67.7 in)
- Turning radius: 11.2 metres (36.7 ft)
- Maximum speed (loaded, highway): 60 km/h (37 mph)
- Tyres: 8¼x20 in (21x102 cm)
- Fuel tank capacity: 2x 150 litres (39.6 US gal; 33.0 imp gal)
- Fuel consumption: 6.7 mpg
- Top speed: 60 km/h (37 mph) (road)
10 km/h (6.2 mph) (water) - Range: 480 km (298 mi)
See also
Notes
- ^ AMW - Agencja Mienia Wojskowego Archived 2007-03-01 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b ZIS-151
- ^ Hogg, Ian V., and Weeks, John. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Military Vehicles. (London: Hamblyn Publishing Group Limited, 1980), p.309, "BAV-485".
- ^ a b c Prochko, Yevgeniy. «Bolshoi avtomobil vodoplavayushchiy». „Tekhnika i Vooruzheniye”. 03/2009. p. 15-22 (in Russian)
- ^ a b Hogg & Weeks, p.308, "BAV-485".
- ^ Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons & Warfare (London: Phoebus, 1978), Volume 5, p.476, "BTR"
- ^ a b Prochko, Yevgeniy. «Bolshoi avtomobil vodoplavayushchiy». „Tekhnika i Vooruzheniye”. 04/2009. p. 16-22 (in Russian)
- ^ Hogg & Weeks, p.309, "BAV-485".
Sources
- Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons & Warfare (London: Phoebus, 1978), Volume 5, p. 476-7, "BTR".
- Hogg, Ian V., and Weeks, John. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Military Vehicles. London: Hamblyn Publishing Group Limited, 1980, p. 308-9, "BAV-485".
- Prochko, Yevgeniy. «Bolshoi avtomobil vodoplavayushchiy». „Tekhnika i Vooruzheniye”. 03/2009. p. 15-22 (in Russian).
- Prochko, Yevgeniy. «Bolshoi avtomobil vodoplavayushchiy». „Tekhnika i Vooruzheniye”. 04/2009. p. 16-22 (in Russian).
- AMW - Agencja Mienia Wojskowego
- ZIS-485 at denisovets.narod.ru