Boreoeutheria

Boreoeutheria
European mole (Talpa europaea)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Subclass:	Theria
Infraclass:	Eutheria
Magnorder:	Boreoeutheria
Superorders and clades
Superorder Laurasiatheria: Chiroptera Erinaceomorpha Soricomorpha Cetacea Artiodactyla Perissodactyla Pholidota Carnivora Superorder Euarchontoglires: Rodentia Lagomorpha Dermoptera Scandentia Primates

Boreoeutheria (synonymous with Boreotheria) (Gk: βόρειο North + θεριό Beast) is a clade (magnorder) of placental mammals that is composed of the sister taxa Laurasiatheria and Euarchontoglires (Supraprimates). It is now well supported by DNA sequence analyses as well as retrotransposon presence/absence data.

Most of the male members of the clade share the distinction of external testicles, with the exceptions of Rhinoceroses and Cetacea.

Classification

Class Mammalia

• Magnorder Boreoeutheria
  • Superorder Euarchontoglires (Supraprimates)
    • Grandorder Euarchonta
      • Order Scandentia: treeshrews (Southeast Asia)
      • Mirorder Primatomorpha
        • Order Dermoptera: flying lemurs or colugos (Southeast Asia)
        • Order Primates: lemurs, bushbabies, monkeys, apes (cosmopolitan)
    • Grandorder Glires
      • Order Lagomorpha: pikas, rabbits, hares (Eurasia, Africa, Americas)
      • Order Rodentia: rodents (cosmopolitan)
  • Superorder Laurasiatheria
    • Order Erinaceomorpha: hedgehogs and gymnures (Eurasia, Africa, extinct in North America)
    • Order Soricomorpha: moles, shrews, solenodons (Eurasia, Africa, North America, northern South America)
    • Order Cetacea: whales, dolphins and porpoises (cosmopolitan in seas)
    • Order Artiodactyla: even-toed ungulates, including pigs, hippopotamus, camels, giraffe, deer, antelope, cattle, sheep, goats (cosmopolitan)
    • Order Chiroptera: bats (cosmopolitan)
    • Clade Zooamata
      • Order Perissodactyla: odd-toed ungulates, including horses, donkeys, zebras, tapirs, and rhinoceroses (cosmopolitan)
      • Clade Ferae
        • Order Pholidota: pangolins or scaly anteaters (Africa, South and Southeast Asia)
        • Order Carnivora: carnivorans (cosmopolitan)

Eutheria	Xenarthra   Epitheria   Afrotheria   Boreoeutheria       Laurasiatheria     Euarchontoglires

References

• Waddell PJ, Kishino H, Ota R (2001) A phylogenetic foundation for comparative mammalian genomics. Genome Inform Ser Workshop Genome Inform 12: 141–154.
• William J. Murphy, Eduardo Eizirik, Mark S. Springer et al., Resolution of the Early Placental Mammal Radiation Using Bayesian Phylogenetics,Science, Vol 294, Issue 5550, 2348–2351, 14 December 2001.
• Kriegs, Jan Ole, Gennady Churakov, Martin Kiefmann, Ursula Jordan, Juergen Brosius, Juergen Schmitz. (2006) Retroposed Elements as Archives for the Evolutionary History of Placental Mammals. PLoS Biol 4(4): e91.[1] (pdf version)
• Blanchette M, Green ED, Miller W, Haussler D. (2004) Reconstructing large regions of an ancestral mammalian genome in silico. Genome Res. 2004 Dec;14(12):2412-23. ([2])
• Ma J, Zhang L, Suh BB, Raney BJ, Burhans RC, Kent WJ, Blanchette M, Haussler D, Miller W. (2006) Reconstructing contiguous regions of an ancestral genome. Genome Res. 2006 Dec;16(12):1557-65. Epub 2006 Sep 18. ([3])

External links

• Resolving the Family Tree of Placental Mammals
• Wired article: Bringing Back the Brontosaurus April 2006.