Carphephorus
| Carphephorus | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Tribe: | Eupatorieae |
| Genus: | Carphephorus |
| Species | |
|
C. bellidifolius |
|
Carphephorus is a genus of seven[1] herbaceous perennials native to the southeastern United States. They flower in late summer to fall.[1]
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[edit] Classification
Some authors separate out some species into separate genera Trilisa and Litrisa. The differences between the genera, when separated this way, are subtle and so other authors include all these plants in Carphephorus.[1] Molecular data does support the separation.[2]
Carphephorus is in the tribe Eupatorieae of the aster family. Like other members of this tribe, the flower heads have disc florets and no ray florets. Carphephorus is in the subtribe Liatrinae along with, for example, Liatris and Garberia.[3]
[edit] Species
The genus contains the following species and varieties:
- C. bellidifolius
- C. carnosus (Trilisa carnosa)
- C. corymbosus
- C. odoratissimus (Trilisa odoratissima)
- C. odoratissimus var. odoratissimus
- C. odoratissimus var. subtropicanus (sometimes treated as a separate species Carphephorus subtropicanus[4][5]). This species or variety is more southern than C. odoratissimus var. odoratissimus, lacks the characteristic coumarin odor of the latter, and has a different growth habit (being smaller with more of a rosette form). There is some overlap between the ranges of the two.[6]
- C. paniculatus (Trilisa paniculata )
- C. pseudoliatris
- C. tomentosus
[edit] Biochemistry
A number of species contain volatile oils, giving characteristic odors.[1][7][8]
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d e "Carphephorus Cassini". Flora of North America. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=105698.
- ^ Schilling, Edward E. and Patricia B. Cox (2001). "Systematic analysis of Liatrinae (Asteraceae)". Botany 2001 Abstracts. Botanical Society of America. http://www.botany2001.org/section12/abstracts/98.shtml
- ^ "Garberia A. Gray". Flora of North America. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=113251.
- ^ "Carphephorus odoratissimus var. subtropicanus". Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants. http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/Plant.aspx?id=4081.
- ^ Delaney KR, Bissett N, Weidenhamer JD. (1999). "A new species of Carphephorus (Asteraceae; Eupatorieae) from peninsular Florida". Bot. Explor. (1).
- ^ Wunderlin, Richard P.; Hansen, Bruce F (2001). "Seven New Combinations in the Florida Flora". Novon a Journal for Botanical Nomenclature (Missouri Botanical Garden Press) 11 (3): 366. doi:10.2307/3393048. http://jstor.org/stable/3393048
- ^ Karlsson, K; Wahlberg, I; Enzell, Cr (1972). "Volatile constituents of Carphephorus corymbosus and Carphephorus paniculatus.". Acta chemica Scandinavica 26 (10): 3839–48. ISSN 0001-5393. PMID 4676033.
- ^ Karlsson, K; Wahlberg, I; Enzell, Cr (1972). "Volatile constituents of Carphephorus odoratissimus (J.F. Gmel) Hebert.". Acta chemica Scandinavica 26 (7): 2837–46. ISSN 0001-5393. PMID 4650326.
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