Clinopodium
| Clinopodium | |
|---|---|
| |
| Clinopodium vulgare | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Lamiaceae |
| Subfamily: | Nepetoideae |
| Tribe: | Mentheae |
| Genus: | Clinopodium L.[1] |
| Type species | |
| Clinopodium vulgare | |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Clinopodium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. It is in the tribe Mentheae of the subfamily Nepetoideae, but little else can be said with certainty about its phylogenetic position.
The genus name Clinopodium is derived from the Latin clinopodion, from the Ancient Greek κλινοπόδιον (klinopódion), from κλίνη (klínē) "bed" and πόδιον (pódion) "little foot". These were names for Clinopodium vulgare.[2]
Clinopodium species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Coleophora albitarsella.
Various Clinopodium species are used as medicinal herbs. For example, C. laevigatum is used in Mexico as a tea under the name poleo or yerba de borracho to cure hangovers, stomach aches, and liver disease.
Taxonomy
Clinopodium has been defined very differently by different authors. Some have restricted it to as few as 13 species, all closely related to the type species, Clinopodium vulgare. In the latest revision of Lamiaceae, Clinopodium encompassed about 100 species, including those otherwise placed in the genera Acinos, Calamintha, and Xenopoma.[3] This circumscription, called Clinopodium sensu lato, was shown to be polyphyletic in 2004,[4] with additional information on the issue published in 2010.[5]
Selected species
- Clinopodium acinos (L.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium ashei (Weath.) Small – Ashe's calamint
- Clinopodium bolivianum (Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium brownei (Sw.) Kuntze – Browne's savory
- Clinopodium chandleri (Brandegee) P.D.Cantino & Wagstaff – San Miguel calamint
- Clinopodium chinense (Benth.) Kuntze
- Clinopodium coccineum (Nutt. ex Hook.) Kuntze – scarlet calamint
- Clinopodium dentatum (Chapm.) Kuntze – Florida calamint
- Clinopodium douglasii (Benth.) Kuntze – Yerba buena
- Clinopodium fasciculatum (Benth.) Harley
- Clinopodium georgianum – Georgia calamint
- Clinopodium glabellum (Michx.) Kuntze – Ozark calamint
- Clinopodium glabrum (Nutt.) Kuntze – limestone calamint
- Clinopodium gracile (Benth.) Kuntze – slender wild basil
- Clinopodium hakkaricum – Hakkari (Turkey) clinopodium
- Clinopodium laevigatum – poleo or yerba de borracho
- Clinopodium menthifolium (Host) Stace – woodland calamint
- Clinopodium mimuloides (Benth.) Kuntze – monkeyflower savory
- Clinopodium mutabile (Epling) Harley
- Clinopodium nepeta (L.) Kuntze – lesser calamint
- Clinopodium umbrosum (M.Bieb.) K.Koch
- Clinopodium vimineum (L.) Kuntze – serpentine savory
- Clinopodium vulgare (L.) – wild basil[6][7]
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References
- ^ "Genus Clinopodium L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture.
- ^ Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume I, page 91. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2673-8 (set).
- ^ Raymond M. Harley, Sandy Atkins, Andrey L. Budantsev, Philip D. Cantino, Barry J. Conn, Renée J. Grayer, Madeline M. Harley, Rogier P.J. de Kok, Tatyana V. Krestovskaja, Ramón Morales, Alan J. Paton, and P. Olof Ryding. 2004. "Labiatae" pages 167-275. In: Klaus Kubitzki (editor) and Joachim W. Kadereit (volume editor). The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants volume VII. Springer-Verlag: Berlin; Heidelberg, Germany. ISBN 978-3-540-40593-1
- ^ Trusty, Jennifer L.; Olmstead, Richard G.; Bogler, David J.; Santos-Guerra, Arnoldo; Francisco-Ortega, Javier (1 July 2004). "Using Molecular Data to Test a Biogeographic Connection of the Macaronesian Genus Bystropogon (Lamiaceae) to the New World: A Case of Conflicting Phylogenies". Systematic Botany. 29 (3): 702–715. doi:10.1600/0363644041744347.
- ^ Bräuchler, Christian; Meimberg, Harald; Heubl, Günther (May 2010). "Molecular phylogeny of Menthinae (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideae, Mentheae) – Taxonomy, biogeography and conflicts". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 55 (2): 501–523. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.01.016. PMID 20152913.
- ^ "Clinopodium". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2012-02-23.
- ^ "GRIN Species Records of Clinopodium". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2009-01-20. Retrieved 2012-02-22.
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