Peristylus

Peristylus
	Peristylus aristatus - a native of India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Orchidaceae
Subfamily:	Orchidoideae
Tribe:	Orchideae
Subtribe:	Orchidinae
Genus:	Peristylus; Blume
Synonyms
	Glossula Lindl.; Glossaspis Spreng.; Coeloglossum Lindl., illegitimate homonym; Digomphotis Raf.; Choeradoplectron Schauer; Lindblomia Fr.;

Peristylus, sometimes commonly known as ogre orchids^[2] or bog orchids^[3] is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It consists of over 100 known species found across much of eastern and southern Asia as well as in Australia and on many islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Description

Orchids in the genus Peristylis are terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, sympodial herbs with paired fleshy tubers and thread-like, unbranched roots. The stems are upright and unbranched. The leaves are arranged in a rosette at the base of the plants or near the centre of the stem. The flowers are resupinate, usually small, often crowded, white, green or yellowish and usually only last a few days. The dorsal sepal and petals overlap to form a hood over the column. The labellum has a spur and usually three lobes which may be short or long and threadlike. The distinguishing feature of the genus is the presence of two club-shaped projections on the stigma. In many respects, plants in this genus are similar to those in Habenaria, only differing in the structure of the column.^[2]^[5]

Taxonomy and naming

The genus Peristylus was first formally described in 1825 by Carl Ludwig Blume and the description was published in Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië .^[1]^[6] The genus Peristylus is derived from the Greek words peri meaning 'around', and stylos 'column', referring to the arms on each side of the column.^[5]

Distribution

Orchids in the genus Peristylus are found in Japan, China, Mongolia, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, New Guinea, Polynesia and Australia.^[1]^[5]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]

Species

As of March 2018^[update], the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families accepted the following species:^[11]

Peristylus affinis (D.Don) Seidenf. – Himalaya to S. China and Indo-China
Peristylus aliformis (C.Schweinf.) Renz & Vodonaivalu – Fiji
Peristylus alpinipaludosus (P.Royen) Schuit. & de Vogel – W. New Guinea
Peristylus aristatus Lindl. – Indian Subcontinent to Myanmar
Peristylus balaenolabium Ormerod – Sumatera
Peristylus balakrishnanii Karthig., Sumathi & Jayanthi – S. Andaman Islands
Peristylus banfieldii (F.M.Bailey) Lavarack – N. & N.E. Queensland
Peristylus biermannianus (King & Pantl.) X.H.Jin – Central & E. Himalaya
Peristylus bismarckiensis (Schltr.) P.F.Hunt – Papua New Guinea
Peristylus brachyphyllus A.Rich. – S. India
Peristylus brassii Ormerod – W. New Guinea
Peristylus brevicalcar Carr – Borneo (Gunung Kinabalu)
Peristylus brevilobus Thwaites – Sri Lanka
Peristylus calcaratus (Rolfe) S.Y.Hu – E. Nepal, S. China to Vietnam, Taiwan
Peristylus carnosipetalus Kurzweil – N. Thailand
Peristylus carolinensis (Schltr.) Tuyama – Caroline Islands
Peristylus chapaensis (Gagnep.) Seidenf. – N. Vietnam
Peristylus chlorandrellus D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. – Queensland
Peristylus ciliatus Carr – Borneo (Gunung Kinabalu)
Peristylus ciliolatus J.J.Sm. – New Guinea
Peristylus citrinus (Thouars) Lindl. – Mascarenes
Peristylus commersonianus Lindl. – Réunion
Peristylus constrictus (Lindl.) Lindl. – Indian Subcontinent to Indo-China
Peristylus cryptostylus (Rchb.f.) Ormerod – Society Islands
Peristylus cubitalis (L.) Kraenzl. – India to Myanmar
Peristylus cymbochilus Renz – Papua New Guinea
Peristylus densus (Lindl.) Santapau & Kapadia – Indian Subcontinent to S. China, S. Korea, S. Central & S. Japan to Nansei-shoto
Peristylus djampangensis J.J.Sm. – Jawa
Peristylus elbertii J.J.Sm. – Lesser Sunda Islands
Peristylus flexuosus (Thouars) S.Moore – Mascarenes
Peristylus formosanus (Schltr.) T.P.Lin – Central Nansei-shoto to Taiwan
Peristylus gardneri (Hook.f.) Kraenzl. – Sri Lanka
Peristylus goodyeroides (D.Don) Lindl. – Tropical & Subtrop. Asia
Peristylus gracilis Blume – Assam to Taiwan (Lan Yü) and Malesia
Peristylus grandis Blume – Thailand (Ko Tarutao) to New Guinea
Peristylus hallieri J.J.Sm. – Borneo
Peristylus hamiltonianus (Lindl.) Lindl. – Central & E. Himalaya to Thailand
Peristylus hatusimanus T.Hashim. – Japan (Kyushu)
Peristylus holochila (Hillebr.) N.Hallé – Hawaiian Islands
Peristylus holttumianus Seidenf. ex Aver. – S. Vietnam
Peristylus holttumii Seidenf. – S. Indo-China to Peninsula Malaysia
Peristylus hylophiloides Ormerod – Philippines
Peristylus intrudens (Ames) Ormerod – Central Nepal, Indo-China, China (Hong Kong), C. Taiwan, Philippines (Luzon)
Peristylus iyoensis Ohwi – E. Nepal, N. Thailand, S. Korea, S. Central & S. Japan, Central & S. Taiwan
Peristylus jinchuanicus K.Y.Lang – China (W. Sichuan, N.W. Yunnan)
Peristylus kerrii Seidenf. – N. Thailand
Peristylus kinabaluensis Carr – Borneo (Gunung Kinabalu)
Peristylus korinchensis Ridl. – Sumatera
Peristylus kumaonensis Renz – W. Himalaya
Peristylus lacertifer (Lindl.) J.J.Sm. – Central Himalaya to S. Japan and W. Malesia
Peristylus lancifolius A.Rich. – S. India
Peristylus latilobus J.J.Sm. – E. Jawa
Peristylus lawii Wight – Himalaya to India
Peristylus listeroides (Schltr.) P.F.Hunt – New Guinea
Peristylus lombokensis J.J.Sm. – Lesser Sunda Islands
Peristylus macer (Schltr.) P.F.Hunt – New Guinea
Peristylus maculifer (C.Schweinf.) Renz & Vodonaivalu – Vanuatu, Fiji (Vanua Levu)
Peristylus maingayi (King & Pantl.) J.J.Wood & Ormerod – S. Indo-China to N. Queensland
Peristylus minimiflorus (Kraenzl.) N.Hallé – New Caledonia (Î. des Pins), Futuna, Cook Islands
Peristylus minimus Kurzweil & Tripetch – Thailand
Peristylus monticola (Ridl.) Seidenf. – Andaman Islands, Malesia to New Guinea
Peristylus mucronatus J.J.Sm. – Maluku (Seram)
Peristylus nanus (Schltr.) P.F.Hunt – New Guinea
Peristylus norumbus Ormerod – Papua New Guinea
Peristylus novoebudarum F.Muell. – S.W. Pacific
Peristylus nymanianus Kraenzl. – New Guinea
Peristylus ovariophorus (Schltr.) Carr – Borneo (Sarawak)
Peristylus pachyneuroides Renz – Papua New Guinea
Peristylus pachyneurus (Schltr.) P.F.Hunt – New Guinea
Peristylus palawensis (Tuyama) Tuyama – Caroline Islands
Peristylus parishii Rchb.f. – Indian Subcontinent to S. China and Indo-China
Peristylus phuwuanensis Kurzweil – N.E. Thailand
Peristylus plantagineus (Lindl.) Lindl. – India, Sri Lanka
Peristylus ponerostachys (Rchb.f.) Ormerod – Philippines (Leyte, Mindanao)
Peristylus prainii (Hook.f.) Kraenzl. – Central Himalaya to Indo-China
Peristylus pseudophrys (King & Pantl.) Kraenzl. – Sikkim (Chungthang)
Peristylus reticulatus (Ames) Ormerod – Philippines (Luzon: Mt. Pulogloko)
Peristylus richardianus Wight – E. Nepal, S. India
Peristylus rigidus Kurzweil – N. Thailand
Peristylus rindjaniensis J.J.Sm. – Lesser Sunda Islands
Peristylus sahanii Kumar, G.S.Rawat & Jalal – N.E. India
Peristylus secundus (Lindl.) Rathakr. – S. India
Peristylus setifer Tuyama – Caroline Islands
Peristylus silvicola (Schltr.) P.F.Hunt – New Guinea
Peristylus societatis (Drake) N.Hallé – Society Islands
Peristylus spathulatus J.J.Sm. – Borneo
Peristylus spiralis A.Rich. – S.W. India, Sri Lanka
Peristylus staminodiatus J.J.Sm. – Sulawesi
Peristylus stenodon (Rchb.f.) Kores – Vanuatu
Peristylus stocksii (Hook.f.) Kraenzl. – W. India
Peristylus subaphyllus (Gagnep.) Seidenf. – Cambodia
Peristylus tentaculatus (Lindl.) J.J.Sm. – S. China to Hainan
Peristylus tenuicallus Ormerod – Vietnam
Peristylus timorensis (Ridl.) J.J.Wood & Ormerod – Lesser Sunda Islands
Peristylus tipulifer (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Mukerjee – India (Kerala), Central Himalaya to China (Yunnan) and Indo-China
Peristylus tobensis J.J.Sm. – N. Sumatera
Peristylus tradescantiifolius (Rchb.f.) Kores – Maluku to S.W. Pacific
Peristylus triaena (Schltr.) P.F.Hunt – New Guinea to Solomon Islands
Peristylus tricallosus J.J.Sm. – Sulawesi
Peristylus trimenii (Hook.f.) Abeyw. – Sri Lanka
Peristylus umbonatus (Schltr.) P.F.Hunt – New Guinea
Peristylus unguiculatus J.J.Sm. – Borneo
Peristylus wheatleyi P.J.Cribb & B.A.Lewis – Vanuatu
Peristylus whistleri P.J.Cribb – Samoa

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^ ^a ^b Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 345. ISBN 978-1877069123.
^ "Peristylus holochila - Hawaiian Bog Orchid". North American Orchid Conservation Center. Retrieved 29 August 2018.
^ Designer: M. Hart - Engraver: J. Watts - "The botanical register" vol. 10 pl. 862
^ ^a ^b ^c D.L.Jones; T.Hopley; S.M.Duffy (2010). "Peristylus". Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids. Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
^ Blume, Carl Ludwig (1825). Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië. Batavia. p. 404. Retrieved 29 August 2018.
^ Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.C. & Rasmussen, F.N. (2001). Orchidoideae (Part 1). Genera Orchidacearum 2: 1-416. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
^ Flora of China v 25 p 137, 阔蕊兰属 kuo rui lan shu, Peristylus Blume, Bijdr. 404. 1825.
^ Kumar, Pankaj; Rawat, Gopal Singh; Jalal, Jeewan Singh (2010). "Peristylus sahanii, a new species of Orchidaceae from India". Kew Bulletin. 65 (1): 101–104. Bibcode:2010KewBu..65..101K. doi:10.1007/s12225-010-9183-6.
^ Seidenfaden, G. 1977. Peristylus Bl. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv 31: 27.
^ "Search for Peristylus", World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2018-03-31

Berg Pana, H. 2005. Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee. Ulmer, Stuttgart

External links

Media related to Peristylus at Wikimedia Commons
Peristylus in Australia
IOSPE orchid photos, Peristylus affinis
Flowers of India, Stocks's Peristylus, Peristylus stocksii
Phyto Images, Peristylus, 9 images
Orchidiana, Peristylus copelandii

[WCSP-1] Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

[Jones-2] Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 345. ISBN 978-1877069123.

[NAOCC-3] "Peristylus holochila - Hawaiian Bog Orchid". North American Orchid Conservation Center. Retrieved 29 August 2018.

[4] Designer: M. Hart - Engraver: J. Watts - "The botanical register" vol. 10 pl. 862

[ATROK-5] D.L.Jones; T.Hopley; S.M.Duffy (2010). "Peristylus". Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids. Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 28 May 2021.

[Blume-6] Blume, Carl Ludwig (1825). Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië. Batavia. p. 404. Retrieved 29 August 2018.

[7] Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.C. & Rasmussen, F.N. (2001). Orchidoideae (Part 1). Genera Orchidacearum 2: 1-416. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.

[8] Flora of China v 25 p 137, 阔蕊兰属 kuo rui lan shu, Peristylus Blume, Bijdr. 404. 1825.

[9] Kumar, Pankaj; Rawat, Gopal Singh; Jalal, Jeewan Singh (2010). "Peristylus sahanii, a new species of Orchidaceae from India". Kew Bulletin. 65 (1): 101–104. Bibcode:2010KewBu..65..101K. doi:10.1007/s12225-010-9183-6.

[10] Seidenfaden, G. 1977. Peristylus Bl. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv 31: 27.

[WCSP_Peristylus-11] "Search for Peristylus", World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2018-03-31

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