Dryopteris carthusiana
| Dryopteris carthusiana | |
|---|---|
| |
| Growing in Pennsylvania | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Division: | Polypodiophyta |
| Class: | Polypodiopsida |
| Order: | Polypodiales |
| Suborder: | Polypodiineae |
| Family: | Dryopteridaceae |
| Genus: | Dryopteris |
| Species: | D. carthusiana
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| Binomial name | |
| Dryopteris carthusiana | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Dryopteris carthusiana is a species of fern native to damp forests throughout the Holarctic Kingdom. It is known as the narrow buckler-fern in the United Kingdom,[1] and as the spinulose woodfern in North America.[2]
It is a tetraploid of hybrid origin, one parent being Dryopteris intermedia, known in North America as the intermediate wood fern, and an unknown, apparently extinct species dubbed Dryopteris semicristata, which is also the presumed parent of the hybrid-origin Dryopteris cristata.
This fern is often confused with several other wood fern species, including D. intermedia, D. campyloptera, and D. expansa. It especially extensively shares the range of D. intermedia, but the two may be distinguished by the innermost pinnule on the bottom side of the bottom pinna: this pinnule is longer than the adjacent pinnules in D. carthusiana, but shorter or even in D. intermedia. D. carthusiana is a sub-evergreen species, its fronds surviving mild winters but dying back in harsh winters.
It is known to be able to use artificial light to grow in places which are otherwise devoid of natural light, such as Niagara Cave. [3]
References
- ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
- ^ USDA PLANTS Profile
- ^ Thatcher, Edward P. (1947). "Observations on Bryophytes Living in an Artificially Illuminated Limestone Cave". The American Midland Naturalist. 37 (3): 797–800. doi:10.2307/2421476.
Further reading
- Rünk, Kai; Zobel, Martin; Zobel, Kristjan (2012). "Biological Flora of the British Isles: Dryopteris carthusiana, D. dilatata and D. expansa". Journal of Ecology. 100 (4): 1039–1063. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2012.01985.x.
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