Emilio Kosterlitzky
Emilio Kosterlitzky | |
---|---|
File:Colonel Emilio Kosterlitzky.jpg | |
Nickname(s) | Eagle of Sonora Mexican Cossack |
Born | November 16, 1853 Moscow, Russia |
Died | March 2, 1928 (74 years old) Los Angeles, California |
Buried | |
Allegiance | Russian Empire Mexico |
Service/ | Imperial Russian Navy Mexican Army |
Years of service | 1871 - 1914 |
Rank | midshipman Colonel |
Battles/wars | Mexican Apache Wars |
Other work | Spy |
Emilio Kosterlitzky (1853–1928) was a Russian-born commander of the Mexican Rurales, or border police, during the late Nineteenth Century.
Biography
Emil Kosterlitzky was born on November 16, 1853 in Moscow, to a German mother and Russian Cossack father. He was noted for his language ability; he spoke English, French, Spanish, German, Russian, Italian, Polish, Danish and Swedish.
In his teens, Emil joined the Russian Navy as a midshipman. By 1871, at the age of 18, he deserted his ship in Venezuela. Kosterlitzky then traveled to the Mexican state of Sonora, where he changed his name to Emilio and joined the Mexican Army. During the 1880s he fought in the Mexican Apache Wars. He also assisted American troops pursuing Apaches across the border under the 1882 United States–Mexico reciprocal border crossing treaty. Kosterlitzky became known to the American troops, who called him the "Mexican Cossack". In 1885, Kosterlitzky was appointed commander of the Gendarmería Fiscal, the customs guard for the Mexican government, by President Porfirio Díaz.[1]
In 1913, Kosterlitzky was captured in Nogales, Sonora, by revolutionaries during the Mexican Revolution. He was jailed until 1914, when he, his wife, Francisca, and two daughters moved to Los Angeles, California, in the United States, where he became a translator for the U.S. Postal Service. During World War I, he pretended to be a German physician. He returned to Mexico in 1927, to investigate a plot against the government of the state of Baja California.
Kosterlitzky died in Los Angeles on March 2, 1928, and is buried in Calvary Cemetery in East Los Angeles.
See also
- Kelvin Grade Massacre
- Yaqui Wars
- Yaqui Uprising
- Battle of Mazocoba
- Tiburon Island Tragedy
- Cananea strike
References
- ^ Vanderwood, P. J. (1972). Review: Emilio Kosterlitzky: Eagle of Sonora and the Southwest Border. by Cornelius C. Smith, Jr. The Hispanic American Historical Review, 52(2), pp. 304-306.
- Samuel Truett, "Transnational Warrior: Emilio Kosterlitzky and the Transformation of the U.S.-Mexico Borderlands", in Continental Crossroads: Remapping U.S.-Mexico Borderlands History, ed. Durham: Duke University Press, 2004, p. 241-70.
- Cornelius Smith, Jr., Emilio Kosterlitzky, Eagle of Sonora (1970)
External links
- 1853 births
- 1928 deaths
- Burials at Calvary Cemetery (Los Angeles)
- Emigrants from the Russian Empire to Mexico
- Genocide perpetrators
- Mexican emigrants to the United States
- Military personnel from Moscow
- People of the Mexican Revolution
- Russian mercenaries
- Russian people of German descent
- Russian spies
- Yaqui Wars