Formicarius (bird)

Formicarius
	Rufous-breasted antthrush (Formicarius rufipectus)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Formicariidae
Genus:	Formicarius; Boddaert, 1783
Type species
	Formicarius cayanensis; Boddaert, 1783
Species
	F. colma ; F. nigricapillus ; F. analis ; F. moniliger ; F. rufifrons ; F. rufipectus ;

Formicarius is a genus of passerine birds in the family Formicariidae. These birds are all found in the tropical New World, from southern Mexico south to Central America and northern South America. All are named as antthrushes, and are insectivorous forest birds. They are largely terrestrial, feeding mainly on the ground on ants and other insects.

Taxonomy

The genus Formicarius was introduced by the Dutch naturalist Pieter Boddaert in 1783 in his catalogue of the ten volumes of hand-coloured plates that had been engraved by François-Nicolas Martinet. The plates were produced to accompany Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon's Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux.^[2] The type species was subsequently designated as the rufous-capped antthrush (Formicarius colma) by the English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1840.^[3]^[4] The generic name Formicarius is Latin meaning "of the ant".^[5]

The following cladogram shows the phylogenetic relationships between the species. It is based on a large molecular phylogenetic study of the suboscines by Michael Harvey and collaborators that was published in 2020.^[6] The six species are those recognised by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC).^[7]

Formicarius

Rufous-fronted antthrush (Formicarius rufifrons)

Rufous-capped antthrush (Formicarius colma)

Rufous-breasted antthrush (Formicarius rufipectus)

Mayan antthrush (Formicarius moniliger)

	Black-headed antthrush (Formicarius nigricapillus)

	Black-faced antthrush (Formicarius analis)

Common Name	Scientific name	Distribution
Rufous-capped antthrush	Formicarius colma	Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.
Black-faced antthrush	Formicarius analis	from Honduras through Central America to Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad and Brazil
Mayan antthrush (formerly considered conspecific with the black-faced antthrush)	Formicarius moniliger	southern Mexico through northwestern Honduras.
Rufous-fronted antthrush	Formicarius rufifrons	southeastern Peru, northwestern Bolivia (Pando), and far southwestern Brazil
Black-headed antthrush	Formicarius nigricapillus	Caribbean slope of eastern Costa Rica and both slopes of Panama to Chocó of western Colombia and Ecuador.
Rufous-breasted antthrush	Formicarius rufipectus	Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela.

References

^ "Formicariidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-16.
^ Boddaert, Pieter (1783). Table des planches enluminéez d'histoire naturelle de M. D'Aubenton : avec les denominations de M.M. de Buffon, Brisson, Edwards, Linnaeus et Latham, precedé d'une notice des principaux ouvrages zoologiques enluminés (in French). Utrecht. pp. 43, 44, 50.
^ Gray, George Robert (1840). A List of the Genera of Birds : with an Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus. London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 26.
^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1951). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 7. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 239.
^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 162. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
^ Harvey, M.G.; et al. (2020). "The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot". Science. 370 (6522): 1343–1348. Bibcode:2020Sci...370.1343H. doi:10.1126/science.aaz6970. hdl:10138/329703. PMID 33303617. A high resolution version of the phylogenetic tree in Figure 1 is available from the first author's website here.
^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Antthrushes, antpittas, gnateaters, tapaculos, crescentchests". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 5 March 2023.

ffrench, Richard (1991). O'Neill, John P.; Eckelberry, Don R. (eds.). A Guide to the Birds of Trinidad and Tobago. Comstock Pub. Associates. ISBN 0-8014-9792-2.
Hilty, Steven L. (2003). Birds of Venezuela. Christopher Helm. ISBN 0-7136-6418-5.
ITIS
Stiles, F. Gary; Skutch, Alexander F. (1989). A guide to the birds of Costa Rica. Comstock. ISBN 0-8014-9600-4.

[HM4-1] "Formicariidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-16.

[2] Boddaert, Pieter (1783). Table des planches enluminéez d'histoire naturelle de M. D'Aubenton : avec les denominations de M.M. de Buffon, Brisson, Edwards, Linnaeus et Latham, precedé d'une notice des principaux ouvrages zoologiques enluminés (in French). Utrecht. pp. 43, 44, 50.

[3] Gray, George Robert (1840). A List of the Genera of Birds : with an Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus. London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 26.

[4] Peters, James Lee, ed. (1951). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 7. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 239.

[5] Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 162. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.

[harvey-6] Harvey, M.G.; et al. (2020). "The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot". Science. 370 (6522): 1343–1348. Bibcode:2020Sci...370.1343H. doi:10.1126/science.aaz6970. hdl:10138/329703. PMID 33303617. A high resolution version of the phylogenetic tree in Figure 1 is available from the first author's website here.

[ioc-7] Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Antthrushes, antpittas, gnateaters, tapaculos, crescentchests". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 5 March 2023.

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