Hans Hermann von Katte
| Hans Hermann von Katte | |
|---|---|
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| Born | 28 February 1704 Berlin, Prussia |
| Died | 6 November 1730 (aged 26) |
| Cause of death | Execution by Frederick William I of Prussia |
| Parents | Hans Heinrich Graf von Katte Dorothee Sophia von Wartensleben |
Hans Hermann von Katte (February 28, 1704 – November 6, 1730) was a Lieutenant of the Prussian Army and close friend and possibly lover of the future Frederick II of Prussia, then the Crown Prince. He was executed by Frederick's father King Frederick William I of Prussia when Frederick plotted to escape from the Kingdom of Prussia to the Kingdom of Great Britain. Some believe that Frederick was fleeing to Great Britain where he would defect to the service of George II of Great Britain (Frederick's maternal uncle) and possibly return to Prussia to depose Frederick William.
[edit] Life
Born in the Prussian capital of Berlin, Katte was a nobleman by birth, coming from a long line of aristocratic military men. His ancestors were squires of Wust in the Altmark. His father, Hans Heinrich Graf von Katte, was one of Frederick William's most regarded cuirassiers. Katte's mother, Dorothee Sophia von Wartensleben, was the daughter of a seasoned and revered field marshal, Graf Leopold Alexander von Wartensleben. Hans Hermann studied in Königsberg and Utrecht — his foci were French and Law. After completing his studies, he joined the Prussian Army.
It is not known, when Frederick and Katte met the first time. However, when they attended together private lessons in mathematics and mechanics in 1729, they became acquainted rapidly. Frederick, eight years younger than Katte, admired Katte for his cosmopolitan attitude. Both were interested in poetry and playing the flute. In the spring of 1730 Frederick revealed to Katte his plan to flee to France and to leave his harsh and despotic father, King Frederick William I. Katte tried to hold Frederick back, but at the end supported Frederick's plan to escape.
On August 5, 1730 while the royal retinue was near Mannheim in the Electoral Palatinate, Frederick tried to escape from his quarters. At that point Katte stayed in Potsdam.[1] Katte was unmasked by a compromising letter as an accomplice and arrested shortly thereafter. Frederick and Katte were subsequently arrested and imprisoned in Küstrin. Because they were army officers who had tried to flee Prussia for Great Britain, Frederick William I leveled an accusation of treason against the pair.
Katte was found guilty of desertion by court martial. He was sentenced to lifelong imprisonment, but King Frederick Wilhelm I wanted him to be executed, declaring that "it would be better that Katte came to death than the justice out of the world." Katte was beheaded at the fortress of Küstrin. Frederick was forced by his father the king to watch the execution.
Katte wrote a farewell letter to his father:
Into tears, my father, that’s how I want to melt away, when thinking that this letter will cause the greatest grief to a faithful father's heart. That all the hopes for my future welfare and it's comfort in old age has to disappear at once; that all applied effort and diligence for my upbringing to the maturity of the desired happiness even have been in vain; yes – that I will have to bow in the prime of my years without presenting to you in this world the fruits of my efforts and my achieved sciences. How didn't I think to ascent the world and make your conceived hope one satisfied; how didn't I think that I will not lack of happiness and well-being; how wasn't I occupied from the certainty of my reputation. But all in vain! How futile human's thoughts are: At once everything is falling apart; and how sadly is the scenery of my life coming to an end; and how is my current state distinguished from that with which my thoughts have gone; I must - instead of promenading the way of honor and reputation - walk the path of disgrace and a shameful death. [..] Get strong again my father, and believe me, God is with me in this game, without whose will nothing happens, not even a sparrow on the earth may fall! [...] Meanwhile, I thank you with filial respect for all the father loyalty shown to me, from my childhood to the present hour [...] Now nothing is left for me but to close with this consolation: Even though, my father, you haven't experienced anything high and distinguished from me in this world, oh! so please be assured that you will find even higher in heaven. Your faithful until death son. Hans Hermann
— Hans Hermann von Katte, in Theodor Fontane: Wanderungen durch die Mark Brandenburg, Band 2 „Jenseits der Oder“ – Küstrin: Die Katte-Tragödie.
On witnessing his death, Frederick was plunged into deep despair. When he emerged from it three days later, he almost never spoke of Katte again. Katte's remains rest in the crypt of the church in Wust.
[edit] References
- ^ MacDonogh, p. 63
[edit] Further reading
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Hans Hermann von Katte |
- Hergemöller, Bernd-Ulrich(1998) "Katte, Hans Hermann von". In: Mann für Mann. Biographisches Lexikon zur Geschichte von Freundesliebe und mann-männlicher Sexualität im deutschen Sprachraum, pp. 411/412. Hamburg: MännerschwarmSkript ISBN 3-92898365-2
- Kloosterhuis, Jürgen (2006) "Katte. Ordre und Kriegsartikel: Aktenanalytische und militärhistorische Aspekte einer „facheusen“ Geschichte". From: Forschungen zur Brandenburgischen und Preußischen Geschichte. N. F., 15., Berlin ISBN 978-3-428-12193-9
- Merten, Detlef Der Katte-Prozeß, Berlin: De Gruyter ISBN 3-11-008290-X (PDF at Juristischen Gesellschaft Berlin)
