John Wishart (statistician)

For other people named John Wishart, see John Wishart (disambiguation).

John Wishart
Born	(1898-11-28)28 November 1898 Montrose, Scotland
Died	14 July 1956(1956-07-14) (aged 57) Acapulco, Mexico
Nationality	Scottish
Citizenship	United Kingdom
Alma mater	University of Edinburgh University of Cambridge University College London
Scientific career
Institutions	Rothamsted Experimental Station University of Cambridge
Doctoral advisor	Karl Pearson
Doctoral students	M. S. Bartlett William Gemmell Cochran

John Wishart FRSE (28 November 1898 – 14 July 1956) was a Scottish mathematician and agricultural statistician.

He gave his name to the Wishart distribution in statistics.

Life

Wishart was born in Perth, Scotland on 28 November 1898, the son of Elizabeth and John Wishart of Montrose. His father was a "bootmaker". The family moved from Montrose to Perth around 1903, living at 36 Robertsons Buildings on Barrack Street. He was educated at Perth Academy.

In the First World War he was conscripted into the Black Watch in 1917 and served two years in France.

He studied Mathematics at Edinburgh University under Edmund Taylor Whittaker, graduating MA BSc before winning a place at Cambridge University where he gained a further MA. He then gained a doctorate (DSc) at the University College London under Karl Pearson. After a year of teacher training at Moray College of Education in Edinburgh he then worked for some years as a Mathematics Teacher at West Leeds High School.

In 1927 he joined Rothamsted Experimental Station with Ronald Fisher, and then (from 1931) as a Reader in Statistics in the University of Cambridge where he became the first Director of the Statistical Laboratory in 1953. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1931, his proposers being Edmund Taylor Whittaker, Malcolm Laurie, Alexander Craig Aitken and Robert Schlapp.

He edited Biometrika from 1937. In 1950 he was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association. He first formulated a generalised product-moment distribution named the Wishart distribution in his honour, in 1928.

In the Second World War he first served as a Captain in the Intelligence Corps then in 1942 became assistant secretary at the Admiralty.

Wishart drowned aged 57 in July 1956, having suffered a stroke while swimming in the sea at Revolcadero Beach, Acapulco. He was in Acapulco as a representative of the Food and Agriculture Organization, and on a mission to set up a research centre.

Publications

• Biometrika

Family

In 1924 he married Olive Birdsall. They had two sons.

References

• Whittle, P. "The Cambridge Statistical Laboratory up to 1993 (revised 2002)". Archived from the original on 19 December 2013. Retrieved 24 April 2009.
• O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "John Wishart", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
• Times Obituary
• Pearson, E. S. (1957). "John Wishart 1898–1956". Biometrika. 44 (1–2): 1–8. doi:10.1093/biomet/44.1-2.1.
• First World War service