Koshe
Qoshee also known as Koshe[1] is a large open landfill[2] which receives rubbish and waste from Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia. The name means "dirty" in Amharic.[3]
The site is located in the southeastern part of Addis Ababa. It has been in operation for about 50 years and, in 2014, was about 36 hectares but shrinking as the result of regulation.[3] A community of hundreds of rubbish pickers lived and worked there.[3] They were known as "scratchers" as they typically carried a metal hook to pry open the waste which was compressed and delivered by garbage trucks.[3]
In 2016, the local authority tried to close the site and relocate dumping to a new landfill site at Sendafa but opposition by local farmers caused the rubbish collectors to move back.[4][5]
In March 2017, a landslide at the site killed more than 113 people, as recovery continues the death toll is expected to rise.[6][7] The country announced three day-national mourning following the incident.[8] Communications Minister Negeri Lencho declared that 38 males and 75 females lost their lives in this tragic event.[9]
One resident attributed the accident to construction work, as bulldozers were levelling the site for a biogas plant.[5]
A 50 (fifty) megawatt waste-to-energy plant is being built nearby at Reppie to burn rubbish to generate electricity.[6][10]
Operation
Dumping of waste at Koshe landfill began in 1964, prior to that year, it was an unofficial site for burning dead animals.[11] The landfill is located in Southwest Addis Ababa within the boundaries of Nifas Silk-Lafto and Kolfe Keranio.[12] When Koshe became active, the surrounding area was sparsely populated and beyond the municipal master plan for Addis Ababa.[12] Though, it was the only landfill in the capital city, few documented environmental studies were conducted or published for over 40 years.
Koshe is not a fenced site and has an inadequate buffer between it and other land use activities such as farming and schools, exposing many residents to environmental and health risks. In addition, the area is open to temporary and permanent scavengers. The landfill hosts about 500 scavengers who sell recovered materials from the waste to businesses and farmers.[13]
The facility is being gradually phased out and replaced by a sanitary landfill in Oromia Special Zone, as of 2014, close to 17 hectares have been closed. Part of the land has been put to use including the construction of a ring road highway, siting of a proposed recycling center and a waste to energy project.[1] In August 2016, protesting farmers blocked the pathway to the new landfill forcing the municipal government to direct solid waste disposal back to Koshe.[14]
Hazards
Koshe's unstable garbage mounds regularly experience landslides of varying degrees of severity, most of them minor. One landslide at Koshe led to the deaths of over 113 people [15] who lived in the dump.[16] Another landslide on the 10 June 2019 killed an elderly man.[17]
References
- ^ a b amanuel (December 4, 2012). "Koshe to close". Capital.
- ^ Mahiteme 2009, p. 9.
- ^ a b c d Caroline Knowles (22 August 2014), "Inside Addis Ababa's Koshe rubbish tip", Flip-Flop: A Journey Through Globalisation’s Backroads, The Guardian
- ^ Nardos Yoseph (26 July 2016), Ethiopia: Farmer Protests Leave City Under Trash, All Africa
- ^ a b Agence France-Presse (12 March 2017), "Rubbish dump landslide kills at least 46 in Ethiopia", The Observer
- ^ a b Ethiopia rubbish landslide kills 48 in Addis Ababa, BBC, 12 March 2017
- ^ Ethiopia rubbish dump landslide: Search for survivors, BBC, 13 March 2017
- ^ "Ethiopia declares three day-national mourning after fatal landslide". Reuters. 2017-03-15. Retrieved 2017-03-15.
- ^ Briana Duggan, Ryan Prior and Joe Sterling. "Death toll rises in Ethiopian trash dump landslide". CNN. Retrieved 2017-03-17.
- ^ Ben Messenger (2013), 50 MW Waste to Energy Plant Part of Sustainable Development Plans in Ethiopia
- ^ Mahiteme 2009, p. 19.
- ^ a b Mahiteme 2009, p. 2.
- ^ Baudouin, Axel; Bjerkli, Camilla; Yirgalem, Habtemariam; Zelalem, Fenta Chekole (2010). "Between neglect and control: questioning partnerships and the integration of informal actors in public solid waste management in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia". African Studies Quarterly. 11 (2–3).
- ^ "Waste Management System Moves Back to Repi". Retrieved 18 April 2017.
- ^ "Ethiopia landslide: Number of dead at rubbish dump hits 113". 15 March 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2017 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
- ^ "Ethiopia Declares National Mourning for Landslide Victims; Death Toll Hits 72". Awramba Times. March 15, 2017. Archived from the original on March 15, 2017.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Garbage dump landslide at koshe in Addis Ababa claimed life again". Borkena. 10 June 2019. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
Sources
- Mahiteme, Yirgalem (Sep 2005). Landfill Management, its Impacts on the local Environment and Urban Sustainability. The Case of Repi Landfill Site, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (PDF). International Congress on Environmental Planning and Management Conference. B. Brasilia: Norwegian University of Science and Technology Management (NTNU). ISSN 1502-2404. 8.
Further reading
- Takāhun Bāšā (2004), Environmental Health of Addis Ababa
- Sandra Dierig (1999), Urban environmental management in Addis Ababa, Institut für Afrika-Kunde
- Felix Heisel, Bisrat Kifle Woldeyessus, ed. (2017), Lessons of Informality: Architecture and Urban Planning for Emerging Territories. Concepts from Ethiopia, Birkhäuser, ISBN 9783035606706