Marie of Champagne

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Marie of Champagne
Latin Empress of Constantinople
Boudewijn of Flanders leaves Marie of Champagne and his daughter Jannekin by Jan Swerts
Bornc. 1174
Died(1204-08-29)29 August 1204
Acre, Israel
SpouseBaldwin I of Constantinople
FatherHenry I, Count of Champagne
MotherMarie of France

Marie of Champagne (c. 1174 – 29 August 1204[1]) was the first Latin Empress of Constantinople by marriage to Emperor Baldwin I. She acted as regent of Flanders during the absence of her spouse from 1202 until 1204.

Life

Marie was a daughter of Henry I, Count of Champagne, and Marie,[2] daughter of King Louis VII of France.[3]

According to the chronicle of Gislebert of Mons, on 13 May 1179 Marie was officially bethrothed to Baldwin, son of the count of Flanders and Hainaut, to whom she was already promissed to be wed in 1171.[4] Her betrothed was Baldwin VI, son of Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut and Margaret I, Countess of Flanders.

Countess consort of Flanders

On 6 January 1186, Marie and Baldwin were married at Valenciennes.[5]

The young countess consort issued charters in her own name and seems to have a soft spot for the cities in Flanders.[6] In 1200 she and her husband also released the Ninove and Bohéries Abbey from every toll on their territory.[6]

In 1200 she and her husband took the cross in Bruges.[7] On 14 April 1202 her husband left Flanders to join the Fourth Crusade.[8] During her husband's absence, Marie acted as regent for Flanders.[9]

Marie herself left Flanders to join her husband in Outremer. According to Geoffrey of Villehardouin and other authors she could not join him in the crusade earlier as she was pregnant at the time of his departure.[10] After delivery of the child, Margaret and sufficient recovery, she set forth to join him.[11]

She set sail from the port of Marseille and landed in Acre.[10] There she received tribute by Bohemond IV of Antioch.[12]

Latin Empress consort of Constantinople

Her husband's Crusade was diverted to Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire, where the crusaders captured and sacked the city. Then they decided to set up a Latin Empire in place of the fallen Greek one. On 9 May 1204, Baldwin was elected its first emperor making Marie the empress. It was only when she arrived in Acre that the news reached her of the fall of Constantinople and the proclamation of Baldwin as the new emperor.[11] She wanted to set sail for Constantinople but fell sick and died in the Holy Land.[10]

News of her death reached Constantinople through Crusading reinforcements from Syria. Baldwin was reportedly afflicted by the death of his wife.[11] Villehardouin reports that Marie "was a gracious and virtuous lady and greatly honoured".[11]

Children

They had two known children:

Ancestry

Family of Marie of Champagne
16. Theobald III of Blois
8. Stephen, Count of Blois
17. Garsinde du Maine
4. Theobald II of Champagne
18. William the Conqueror
9. Adela of Normandy
19. Matilda of Flanders
2. Henry I of Champagne
20. Engelbert I of Sponheim
10. Engelbert, Duke of Carinthia
21. Hedwig
5. Matilda of Carinthia
22. Ulric of Passau
11. Uta of Passau
23. Adelaide
1. Marie of Champagne
24. Philip I of France
12. Louis VI of France
25. Bertha of Holland
6. Louis VII of France
26. Humbert II of Savoy
13. Adelaide of Maurienne
27. Gisela of Burgundy, Marchioness of Montferrat
3. Marie of France
28. William IX, Duke of Aquitaine
14. William X, Duke of Aquitaine
29. Philippa of Toulouse
7. Eleanor of Aquitaine
30. Aimery I, Viscount of Châtellerault
15. Aenor de Châtellerault
31. Dangerose de l'Isle Bouchard

Notes

  1. ^ Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Chronica s.a. 1204 (= L. Weiland (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIII, Hannover, 1874, p. 884), Ralph of Coggeshall, Chronicon Anglicanum s.a. 1204 (= Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXVII, Hannover, 1885, p. 354), Renier of St Laurent, Annales s.a. 1204 (= G.H. Pertz (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XVI, Hannover, 1858, p. 658), Sigebert of Gembloux, Continuatio Bergensis s.a. 1203 (= G.H. Pertz (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores VI, Hannover, 1844, p. 438), Flandria generosa (Continuatio Claromariscensis) 12 (= L.C. Bethmann (ed.), Monumenta Germania Historica, Scriptores IX, Hannover, 1861, p. 330), Liber Obituum Ecclesie Beati Petri Insulensis (= É. Hautcœur (ed.), Documents liturgiques et nécrologiques de l'église collégiale de Saint-Pierre de Lille, Lille - Paris, 1895, p. 177), Necrologium Ecclesiæ Collegiatæ Beati Petri Insulensis (= É. Hautcœur (ed.), Documents liturgiques et nécrologiques de l'église collégiale de Saint-Pierre de Lille, Lille - Paris, 1895, p. 313). Philippe Mouskes, Chronique rimée vv. 20375-20380 (= F.A.F.T. de Reiffenberg (ed.), Chronique rimée de Philippe Mouskes, II, Brussels, 1838, p. 305).
  2. ^ Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Chronica s.a. 1198 (= L. Weiland (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIII, Hannover, 1874, p. 876).
  3. ^ John F. Benton, The Court of Champagne as a Literary Center, in Speculum, Vol. 36, No. 4 (Oct., 1961), p. 551.
  4. ^ Gislebert of Mons, Chronicon Hanoniense 89 (= W. Arndt (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIX, Hannover, 1869, pp. 97, 117; L. Napran (introd. trad. annot.), Gilbert of Mons, Chronicle of Hainaut, Woodbridge, 2005, pp. 60, 72).
  5. ^ Gislebert of Mons, Chronicon Hanoniense (= W. Arndt (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIX, Hannover, 1869, pp. 171-172). Karen S. Nicholas, Countesses as Rulers in Flanders, in Theodore Evergates (ed.), Aristocratic Women in Medieval France, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999), pp. 127-128.
  6. ^ a b Karen S. Nicholas, Countesses as Rulers in Flanders, in Theodore Evergates (ed.), Aristocratic Women in Medieval France, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999), p. 128.
  7. ^ Flandria generosa (Continuatio Gislenensis) s.a. 1200 (= L.C. Bethmann (ed.), Monumenta Germania Historica, Scriptores IX, Hannover, 1861, p. 326).
  8. ^ Geoffrey of Villehardouin, De la Conquête de Constantinople VI (= Paulin Paris (ed.), La Conquête de Constantinople, Paris, 1838, pp. 3-4; F.T. Marzials (trad.), Memoirs or Chronicle of The Fourth Crusade and The Conquest of Constantinople, London, 1908).
  9. ^ Karen S. Nicholas, Countesses as Rulers in Flanders, in Theodore Evergates (ed.), Aristocratic Women in Medieval France, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999), p. 128.
  10. ^ a b c Geoffrey of Villehardouin, De la Conquête de Constantinople CXXX (= Paulin Paris (ed.), La Conquête de Constantinople, Paris, 1838, pp. 104-105; F.T. Marzials (trad.), Memoirs or Chronicle of The Fourth Crusade and The Conquest of Constantinople, London, 1908). Cfr. Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Chronica s.a. 1204 (= L. Weiland (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIII, Hannover, 1874, p. 884), Flandria generosa (Continuatio Claromariscensis) 12 (= L.C. Bethmann (ed.), Monumenta Germania Historica, Scriptores IX, Hannover, 1861, p. 330), Baldwin of Avesnes, Chronicon Hanoniense quod dicitur Balduini Avennensis (= J. Heller (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXV, Hannover, 1880, p. 448-449).
  11. ^ a b c d Geoffrey of Villehardouin, De la Conquête de Constantinople CXXX (= Paulin Paris (ed.), La Conquête de Constantinople, Paris, 1838, pp. 104-105; F.T. Marzials (trad.), Memoirs or Chronicle of The Fourth Crusade and The Conquest of Constantinople, London, 1908)
  12. ^ Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Chronica s.a. 1204 (= L. Weiland (ed.), Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores XXIII, Hannover, 1874, p. 884). Runciman, Steven (1954). A History of the Crusades: Volume 3, The Kingdom of Acre and the Later Crusades. p. 115.

Historical sources

References

  • Karen S. Nicholas, Countesses as Rulers in Flanders, in Theodore Evergates (ed.), Aristocratic Women in Medieval France, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999), pp. 111-137 (especially pp. 127-129).
  • Runciman, Steven (1954). A History of the Crusades: Volume 3, The Kingdom of Acre and the Later Crusades. p. 115.

External links

Media related to Maria of Champagne at Wikimedia Commons

Marie of Champagne
House of Champagne
Born: c. 1174 Died: 9 August 1204
Vacant
Title last held by
Theresa of Portugal 		Countess consort of Flanders
1194–1204 		Vacant
Title next held by
Beatrice of Brabant
Royal titles
New title
Latin Empire established
 Latin Empress consort of Constantinople
1204 		Vacant
Title next held by
Agnes of Montferrat
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