Outline of arithmetic

Arithmetic is an elementary branch of mathematics that is widely used for tasks ranging from simple day-to-day counting to advanced science and business calculations.

Essence of arithmetic

• Elementary arithmetic
• Decimal arithmetic
• Decimal point
• Numeral
• Place value
• Face value

History of arithmetic

Main article: History of arithmetic

Arithmetic operations and related concepts

See also: Operation (mathematics)

• Order of operations
• Addition
  • Sum
  • Additive inverse
• Subtraction
• Multiplication
  • Multiplicative inverse
  • Multiple
    • Common multiple
• Division
  • Quotient
  • Quotition and partition
  • Fraction
    • Decimal fraction
    • Proper fraction
    • Improper fraction
    • Vulgar fraction
    • Ratio
    • Common denominator
  • Factoring
    • Fundamental theorem of arithmetic
    • Prime number
      • Prime number theorem
      • Distribution of primes
    • Composite number
    • Factor
      • Common factor
      • Euclid's algorithm for finding greatest common divisors
• Exponentiation (power)
  • Exponent
• Square root
• Cube root
• Properties of operations
  • Associative property
  • Commutative property
  • Distributive property

Types of numbers

See also: List of types of numbers, List of numeral systems, and List of numbers

• Real number
  • Rational number
    • Integer
      • Natural number
    • Composite number
  • Irrational number
• Odd number
• Even number
• Positive number
• Negative number
• Prime number
  • List of prime numbers
• Highly composite number
• Perfect number
• Algebraic number
• Transcendental number
• Hypercomplex number
• Transfinite number
• Indefinite and fictitious numbers

Elementary statistics

• Mean
  • Weighted mean
• Median
• Mode

Other basic concepts

• Combinations
• Percentage
• Permutations
• Proportion
• Rounding
• Scientific notation

Modern arithmetic

• Outline of number theory
• Riemann zeta function
• L-functions
• Multiplicative functions
• Modular forms

See also

• Elementary mathematics
• Table of mathematical symbols

External links

• MathWorld article about arithmetic
• The New Student's Reference Work/Arithmetic (historical)
• Maximus Planudes' the Great Calculation an early western work on arithmetic at Convergence