PARP2

PARP2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3KCZ, 3KJD, 4PJV, 4TVJ, 4ZZX, 4ZZY, 5DSY, 5D5K
Identifiers
Aliases	PARP2, ADPRT2, ADPRTL2, ADPRTL3, ARTD2, PARP-2, pADPRT-2, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 607725; MGI: 1341112; HomoloGene: 4004; GeneCards: PARP2; OMA:PARP2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 14 (human) Band 14q11.2 Start 20,343,615 bp End 20,357,904 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 14 (mouse) Band 14 26.25 cM|14 C1 Start 51,045,298 bp End 51,058,758 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in cerebellar hemisphere right hemisphere of cerebellum right frontal lobe Brodmann area 9 gonad ventricular zone ganglionic eminence prefrontal cortex cerebellar vermis left ovary Top expressed in tail of embryo Ileal epithelium genital tubercle neural layer of retina otic placode epiblast ventricular zone embryo primitive streak embryo More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function transferase activity DNA binding protein binding DNA ligase (ATP) activity glycosyltransferase activity NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity protein ADP-ribosylase activity NAD DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase activity Cellular component cytoplasm nucleolus nucleus nucleoplasm Biological process DNA ligation involved in DNA repair lagging strand elongation protein ADP-ribosylation DNA repair extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway base-excision repair peptidyl-serine ADP-ribosylation positive regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development negative regulation of neuron death double-strand break repair protein poly-ADP-ribosylation DNA ADP-ribosylation cellular response to DNA damage stimulus Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 10038 11546 Ensembl ENSG00000129484 ENSMUSG00000036023 UniProt Q9UGN5 O88554 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001042618 NM_005484 NM_009632 RefSeq (protein) NP_001036083 NP_005475 NP_033762 Location (UCSC) Chr 14: 20.34 – 20.36 Mb Chr 14: 51.05 – 51.06 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PARP2 gene. It is one of the PARP family of enzymes.

Function

This gene encodes poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase-like 2 protein, which contains a catalytic domain and is capable of catalyzing a poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation reaction. This protein has a catalytic domain which is homologous to that of poly (ADP-ribosyl) transferase, but lacks an N-terminal DNA binding domain which activates the C-terminal catalytic domain of poly (ADP-ribosyl) transferase. The basic residues within the N-terminal region of this protein may bear potential DNA-binding properties, and may be involved in the nuclear and/or nucleolar targeting of the protein. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found.

In the plant species Arabidopsis thaliana, PARP2 plays more significant roles than PARP1 in protective responses to DNA damage and bacterial pathogenesis. The plant PARP2 carries N-terminal SAP DNA binding motifs rather than the Zn-finger DNA binding motifs of plant and animal PARP1 proteins.

PARP inhibitor drugs

Some PARP inhibitor anti-cancer drugs (primarily aimed at PARP1) also inhibit PARP2, e.g. niraparib.

Interactions

PARP2 has been shown to interact with XRCC1.

Further reading

• Bashford CL, Chance B, Lloyd D, Poole RK (January 1980). "Oscillations of redox states in synchronously dividing cultures of Acanthamoeba castellanii and Schizosaccharomyces pombe". Biophysical Journal. 29 (1): 1–11. Bibcode:1980BpJ....29....1B. doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(80)85114-9. PMC 1328658. PMID 7260241.
• Berghammer H, Ebner M, Marksteiner R, Auer B (April 1999). "pADPRT-2: a novel mammalian polymerizing(ADP-ribosyl)transferase gene related to truncated pADPRT homologues in plants and Caenorhabditis elegans". FEBS Letters. 449 (2–3): 259–63. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)00448-2. PMID 10338144.
• Amé JC, Rolli V, Schreiber V, Niedergang C, Apiou F, Decker P, Muller S, Höger T, Ménissier-de Murcia J, de Murcia G (June 1999). "PARP-2, A novel mammalian DNA damage-dependent poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (25): 17860–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.25.17860. PMID 10364231.
• Still IH, Vince P, Cowell JK (December 1999). "Identification of a novel gene (ADPRTL1) encoding a potential Poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase protein". Genomics. 62 (3): 533–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.6024. PMID 10644454.
• Schreiber V, Amé JC, Dollé P, Schultz I, Rinaldi B, Fraulob V, Ménissier-de Murcia J, de Murcia G (June 2002). "Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2 (PARP-2) is required for efficient base excision DNA repair in association with PARP-1 and XRCC1". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (25): 23028–36. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202390200. PMID 11948190.
• Saxena A, Wong LH, Kalitsis P, Earle E, Shaffer LG, Choo KH (September 2002). "Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 2 localizes to mammalian active centromeres and interacts with PARP-1, Cenpa, Cenpb and Bub3, but not Cenpc". Human Molecular Genetics. 11 (19): 2319–29. doi:10.1093/hmg/11.19.2319. PMID 12217960.
• Malanga M, Althaus FR (February 2004). "Poly(ADP-ribose) reactivates stalled DNA topoisomerase I and Induces DNA strand break resealing". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (7): 5244–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.C300437200. PMID 14699148.
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, Yamamoto J, Sekine M, Tsuritani K, Wakaguri H, Ishii S, Sugiyama T, Saito K, Isono Y, Irie R, Kushida N, Yoneyama T, Otsuka R, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Kondo H, Wagatsuma M, Murakawa K, Ishida S, Ishibashi T, Takahashi-Fujii A, Tanase T, Nagai K, Kikuchi H, Nakai K, Isogai T, Sugano S (January 2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Research. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC 1356129. PMID 16344560.
• Maeda Y, Hunter TC, Loudy DE, Davé V, Schreiber V, Whitsett JA (April 2006). "PARP-2 interacts with TTF-1 and regulates expression of surfactant protein-B". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281 (14): 9600–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M510435200. PMID 16461352.
• Chevanne M, Calia C, Zampieri M, Cecchinelli B, Caldini R, Monti D, Bucci L, Franceschi C, Caiafa P (June 2007). "Oxidative DNA damage repair and parp 1 and parp 2 expression in Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B lymphocyte cells from young subjects, old subjects, and centenarians". Rejuvenation Research. 10 (2): 191–204. doi:10.1089/rej.2006.0514. PMID 17518695.
• Liang YC, Hsu CY, Yao YL, Yang WM (February 2013). "PARP-2 regulates cell cycle-related genes through histone deacetylation and methylation independently of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 431 (1): 58–64. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.12.092. PMID 23291187.
• Song J, Keppler BD, Wise RR, Bent AF (May 2015). "PARP2 Is the Predominant Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase in Arabidopsis DNA Damage and Immune Responses". PLOS Genetics. 11 (5): e1005200. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005200. PMC 4423837. PMID 25950582.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

External links

• PARP2 human gene location in the UCSC Genome Browser.
• PARP2 human gene details in the UCSC Genome Browser.