Personality disorder not otherwise specified
| Personality disorder, unspecified | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Personality disorder NOS (PDNOS) |
| Specialty | Psychiatry |
| Personality disorders |
|---|
| Cluster A (odd) |
| Cluster B (dramatic) |
| Cluster C (anxious) |
| Not otherwise specified |
| Depressive |
| Others |
Personality disorder not otherwise specified (PD-NOS) is a subclinical diagnostic classification for some DSM-IV Axis II personality disorders not listed in DSM-IV.[1]
The DSM-5 does not have a direct equivalent to PD-NOS. However, the DSM-5 other specified personality disorder and unspecified personality disorder are substantially comparable to PD-NOS. Additionally, Personality disorder-trait specified (PD-TS) remains under consideration for future revisions and is presented as an alternative, more generic approach to personality disorders in the form of "general criteria for personality disorder" which primarily assesses "impairments in personality functioning".[2]
Diagnostic criteria
In all cases of non-specific diagnoses it is a requirement that the person meet the general criteria for personality disorders.
DSM-IV-TR
This diagnosis may be given when no other personality disorder defined in the DSM fits the patient's symptoms.[3]
Four personality disorders were excluded from the main body of the DSM-IV-TR but this diagnosis may be used instead. The four excluded personality disorders are:
- Sadistic personality disorder
- Self-defeating personality disorder
- Depressive personality disorder
- Passive–aggressive personality disorder
DSM-5
The DSM-5 split PD-NOS into two diagnoses,Other Specified Personality Disorder and Unspecified Personality Disorder, that share the general criteria for personality disorders but allows the clinician to decide whether they want to specify the reason why the presentation does not meet the criteria for any specific personality disorder (e.g. mixed personality features).[4]
ICD-10
The World Health Organization's ICD-10 defines a conceptually similar disorder called Personality disorder, unspecified (F60.9).
ICD-11
ICD-11 uses general diagnoses with specifiers to fully describe a condition. The closest diagnosis to PD-NOS would be Personality disorder, severity unspecified (6D10.Z).
Epidemiology
A 2004 meta-analysis estimated the prevalence of PD-NOS in patient samples between 8-13%. In structured interview studies it is the third most common diagnosis given, in unstructured studies it is the single most frequent diagnosis. Half the studies did not give further definition for the diagnosis, and those that did used "mixed" most often.[5]
In another study out of 1760 psychotherapy referrals 21.6% was diagnosed exclusively with PD-NOS. In terms of severity patients with PD-NOS fall between a formal personality disorder diagnosis and no personality disorder. Patients who received PD-NOS as an additional diagnosis to their formal personality disorder diagnosis had the most severe problems.[6]
See also
- Not otherwise specified
- Eating disorder not otherwise specified
- Mood disorder not otherwise specified
- DSM-IV codes (personality disorders)
References
- ^ Verheul R, Bartak A, Widiger T (August 2007). "Prevalence and construct validity of Personality Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDNOS)". J. Pers. Disord. 21 (4): 359–70. doi:10.1521/pedi.2007.21.4.359. PMID 17685833.[permanent dead link]
- ^ American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Washington DC: name. pp. 15. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
- ^ Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth edition Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) American Psychiatric Association (2000)
- ^ American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fifth edition). p. 684.
- ^ "A meta-analysis of the prevalence and usage of the personality disorder not otherwise specified (PDNOS) diagnosis". PMID 15342320.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Prevalence and construct validity of Personality Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDNOS)". PMID 17685833.
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