Standardized approach (credit risk)

Not to be confused with Standardized approach (operational risk).

Basel II
Bank for International Settlements Basel Accords Basel I Basel II
Background
Banking Monetary policy Central bank Risk Risk management Regulatory capital Tier 1 Tier 2
Pillar 1: Regulatory Capital
Credit risk Standardized IRB Approach F-IRB A-IRB PD LGD EAD Operational risk Basic Standardized AMA Market risk Duration Value at risk
Pillar 2: Supervisory Review
Economic capital Liquidity risk Legal risk
Pillar 3: Market Disclosure
Disclosure
Business and Economics Portal

The term standardized approach (or standardised approach) refers to a set of credit risk measurement techniques proposed under Basel II capital adequacy rules for banking institutions.

Under this approach the banks are required to use ratings from External Credit Rating Agencies to quantify required capital for credit risk. In many countries this is the only approach the regulators are planning to approve in the initial phase of Basel II Implementation.

The Basel Accord proposes to permit banks a choice between two broad methodologies for calculating their capital requirements for credit risk. The other alternative is based on internal ratings.

The summary of risk weights in standardized approach

There are some options in weighting risks for some claims, below are the summary as it might be likely to be implemented.

NOTE: For some "unrated" risk weights, banks are encouraged to use their own internal-ratings system based on Foundation IRB and Advanced IRB in Internal-Ratings Based approach with a set of formulae provided by the Basel-II accord. There exist several alternative weights for some of the following claim categories published in the original Framework text.

• Claims on sovereigns

Credit Assessment	AAA to AA-	A+ to A-	BBB+ to BBB-	BB+ to B-	Below B-	unrated
Risk Weight	0%	20%	50%	100%	150%	100%

• Claims on the BIS, the IMF, the ECB, the EC and the MDBs

Risk Weight: 0%

• Claims on banks and securities companies

Related to assessment of sovereign as banks and securities companies are regulated.

Credit Assessment	AAA to AA-	A+ to A-	BBB+ to BBB-	BB+ to B-	Below B-	unrated
Risk Weight	20%	50%	100%	100%	150%	100%

• Claims on corporates

Credit Assessment	AAA to AA-	A+ to A-	BBB+ to BB-	Below BB-	unrated
Risk Weight	20%	50%	100%	150%	100%

• Claims on retail products

This includes credit card, overdraft, auto loans, personal finance and small business.

Risk weight: 75%

• Claims secured by residential property

Risk weight: 35%

• Claims secured by commercial real estate

Risk weight: 100%

• Overdue loans

more than 90 days other than residential mortgage loans.

Risk weight:

150% for provisions are less than 20% of the outstanding amount

100% for provisions are between 20% - 49% of the outstanding amount

100% with supervisory discretion to reduce to 50% for provisions are 50% and more of the outstanding amount

• Other assets

Risk weight: 100%

• Cash

Risk weight: 0%

See also

• Foundation IRB
• Advanced IRB
• Credit risk
• Basel II

References

• Basel II: Revised international capital framework (BCBS)
• Basel II: International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards: a Revised Framework (BCBS)
• Basel II: International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards: a Revised Framework (BCBS) (November 2005 Revision)
• Basel II: International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards: a Revised Framework, Comprehensive Version (BCBS) (June 2006 Revision)