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Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria

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Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria
Bornc. 1337
Died(1413-09-26)26 September 1413
Niederschönenfeld
Noble familyHouse of Wittelsbach
Spouse(s)Taddea Visconti
Elisabeth of Cleves
IssueLouis VII, Duke of Bavaria
Isabeau, Queen of France
FatherStephen II, Duke of Bavaria
MotherElisabeth of Sicily

Stephen III (1337 – 26 September 1413), called the Magnificent or the Fop (Stephan der Kneißl), was the Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt from 1375. He was the eldest son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.

Reign

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From 1375 to 1392, Stephen ruled Bavaria with his brothers Frederick and John II. However, in 1392, Bavaria was split into three separate Duchies, now consisting of Bavaria-Landshut, Bavaria-Ingolstadt and Bavaria-Munich. John II partitioned Bavaria as the result of his refusal to finance his brothers' expensive ambitions in the Italian court. After the division of Bavaria, Stephen retained Bavaria-Ingolstadt, although he soon came to regard his share to be inferior to the other two Duchies. From 1395 to 1397, he also jointly held Bavaria-Munich with John II, after an armed conflict between the brothers.

After the deaths of both of his brothers, Stephen attempted to extend his Duchy, this time causing conflict with his nephews. In opposition to them, Stephen also supported King Rupert against the Luxemburg. In 1402 Stephen was forced by his nephew Ernest to confine his reign to Bavaria-Ingolstadt. In 1403, he supported the citizens' uprising in Munich, although that failed. His final attempt in 1410 to reconquer Tyrol, which his father had ceded to the Grand Duchy of Habsburg was likewise unsuccessful.

He died at Niederschönenfeld.

Family and children

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He was married twice. First, he was married on 13 October 1364 to Taddea Visconti, daughter of Bernabò Visconti and Beatrice della Scala.[1] He had, from his first marriage:

Second, he was married in Cologne on 16 January 1401 to Elisabeth of Cleves, daughter of Count Adolf III of Cleves.

References

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  1. ^ a b c Adams 2010, p. 2.
  2. ^ Pitti 2015, p. 287.

Sources

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  • Adams, Tracy (2010). The Life and Afterlife of Isabeau of Bavaria. The Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Pitti, Bonaccorso (2015). "Memoirs". In Branca, Vittore (ed.). Merchant Writers: Florentine Memoirs from the Middle Ages and Renaissance. University of Toronto Press. pp. 254–343.
Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria
Born: 1337 Died: 26 September 1413[aged 76]
Regnal titles
Preceded by Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt
1375–1413
Succeeded by