TUBB3

Tubulin, beta 3
PDB rendering based on 1ffx.
Available structures PDB 1ffx, 1ia0, 1jff, 1sa0, 1sa1, 1tub, 1tvk, 1z2b, 2hxf, 2hxh
Identifiers
Symbols	TUBB3; CFEOM3A; TUBB4; beta-4
External IDs	OMIM: 602661 MGI: 107813 HomoloGene: 68503 GeneCards: TUBB3 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • nucleotide binding • GTPase activity • structural molecule activity • GTP binding • peptide binding Cellular component • intracellular • cytoplasm • microtubule • axon Biological process • protein folding • microtubule-based movement • mitosis • axon guidance • neuron differentiation • cellular protein metabolic process • 'de novo' posttranslational protein folding • protein polymerization
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	10381	22152
Ensembl	ENSG00000198211	ENSMUSG00000062380
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001197181.1	NM_023279.2
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001184110.1	NP_075768.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 16: 89.99 – 90 Mb	Chr 8: 125.94 – 125.95 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Tubulin beta-3 chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TUBB3 gene.

Further reading

• Burgoyne RD, Cambray-Deakin MA, Lewis SA, et al. (1989). "Differential distribution of beta-tubulin isotypes in cerebellum.". EMBO J. 7 (8): 2311–9. PMC 457095. PMID 2461292. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=457095. 
• Vinores SA, Derevjanik NL, Mahlow J, et al. (1995). "Class III beta-tubulin in human retinal pigment epithelial cells in culture and in epiretinal membranes.". Exp. Eye Res. 60 (4): 385–400. doi:10.1016/S0014-4835(05)80095-8. PMID 7789418. 
• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides.". Gene 138 (1-2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298. 
• Khan IA, Ludueña RF (1996). "Phosphorylation of beta III-tubulin.". Biochemistry 35 (12): 3704–11. doi:10.1021/bi951247p. PMID 8619990. 
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library.". Gene 200 (1-2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149. 
• Watts NR, Sackett DL, Ward RD, et al. (2000). "HIV-1 rev depolymerizes microtubules to form stable bilayered rings.". J. Cell Biol. 150 (2): 349–60. doi:10.1083/jcb.150.2.349. PMC 2180222. PMID 10908577. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2180222. 
• Sánchez Más J, Olivares Sánchez C, Ghanem G, et al. (2003). "Loss-of-function variants of the human melanocortin-1 receptor gene in melanoma cells define structural determinants of receptor function.". Eur. J. Biochem. 269 (24): 6133–41. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03329.x. PMID 12473109. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Chen D, Wang M, Zhou S, Zhou Q (2004). "HIV-1 Tat targets microtubules to induce apoptosis, a process promoted by the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 relative Bim.". EMBO J. 21 (24): 6801–10. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf683. PMC 139103. PMID 12486001. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139103. 
• Rosell R, Scagliotti G, Danenberg KD, et al. (2003). "Transcripts in pretreatment biopsies from a three-arm randomized trial in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.". Oncogene 22 (23): 3548–53. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206419. PMID 12789263. 
• Hari M, Yang H, Zeng C, et al. (2004). "Expression of class III beta-tubulin reduces microtubule assembly and confers resistance to paclitaxel.". Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 56 (1): 45–56. doi:10.1002/cm.10132. PMID 12905530. 
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039. 
• Campbell GR, Pasquier E, Watkins J, et al. (2005). "The glutamine-rich region of the HIV-1 Tat protein is involved in T-cell apoptosis.". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (46): 48197–204. doi:10.1074/jbc.M406195200. PMID 15331610. 
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928. 
• Mozzetti S, Ferlini C, Concolino P, et al. (2005). "Class III beta-tubulin overexpression is a prominent mechanism of paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer patients.". Clin. Cancer Res. 11 (1): 298–305. PMID 15671559. 
• de Mareuil J, Carre M, Barbier P, et al. (2006). "HIV-1 Tat protein enhances microtubule polymerization.". Retrovirology 2 (1): 5. doi:10.1186/1742-4690-2-5. PMC 549075. PMID 15691386. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=549075. 
• Giacca M (2006). "HIV-1 Tat, apoptosis and the mitochondria: a tubulin link?". Retrovirology 2 (1): 7. doi:10.1186/1742-4690-2-7. PMC 549042. PMID 15698476. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=549042. 

External links

• Engle Laboratory CFEOM page
• GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Congenital Fibrosis of the Extraocular Muscles
• OMIM entries on Congenital Fibrosis of the Extraocular Muscles