Tom O'Higgins

For his father, see Thomas F. O'Higgins.

Thomas O'Higgins
6th Chief Justice of Ireland
In office 17 October 1974 – 1 October 1985
Nominated by	Government of Ireland
Appointed by	Erskine H. Childers
Preceded by	William FitzGerald
Succeeded by	Thomas Finlay
Judge of the European Court of Justice
In office 3 October 1985 – 8 March 1991
Nominated by	Government of Ireland
Appointed by	European Council
Judge of the Supreme Court
In office 14 May 1974 – 1 October 1985
Nominated by	Government of Ireland
Appointed by	Erskine H. Childers
Judge of the High Court
In office 30 July 1973 – 14 May 1974
Nominated by	Government of Ireland
Appointed by	Erskine H. Childers
Deputy Leader of Fine Gael
In office 20 April 1972 – 14 September 1977
Leader	Liam Cosgrave
Preceded by	New office
Succeeded by	Peter Barry
Minister for Health
In office 2 June 1954 – 20 March 1957
Taoiseach	John A. Costello
Preceded by	James Ryan
Succeeded by	Seán MacEntee
Teachta Dála
In office June 1969 – February 1973
Constituency	Dublin County South
In office February 1948 – June 1969
Constituency	Laois-Offaly
Personal details
Born	(1916-07-23)23 July 1916 Cork, Ireland
Died	25 February 2003(2003-02-25) (aged 86) Tallaght Medical Center, Dublin, Ireland
Resting place	Shanganagh Cemetery, Shankill, Dublin, Ireland
Political party	Fine Gael
Spouse(s)	Therese Keane (m. 1940; d. 2003)
Relations	Timothy Daniel Sullivan (Great-Grandfather) Tim Healy (Grand-Uncle-in-law) Kevin O'Higgins (Uncle) Michael O'Higgins (Brother) Iseult O'Malley (Cousin) Chris O'Malley (Cousin)
Children	7
Parents	Thomas F. O'Higgins Jane O'Higgins
Education	St Mary's College, Dublin Clongowes Wood College
Alma mater	University College Dublin King's Inns

Thomas Francis O'Higgins (23 July 1916 – 25 February 2003) was an Irish Fine Gael politician, barrister and judge who served as Chief Justice of Ireland from 1974 to 1985, a Judge of the European Court of Justice from 1985 to 1991, a Judge of the High Court from 1973 to 1974, Deputy Leader of Fine Gael from 1972 to 1977 and Minister for Health from 1954 to 1957. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) from 1948 to 1969.

Early life and education

O'Higgins was born in Cork in 1916, and came from an influential Irish political family: his father was Thomas F. O'Higgins and the nephew of Kevin O'Higgins. He was educated at St Mary's College, Dublin, Clongowes Wood College and University College Dublin, where he became auditor of the Literary and Historical Society. He later attended King's Inns. In 1938, he qualified as a barrister and was called to the Bar. In 1954, he was called to the Inner Bar.

Political career

O'Higgins was first elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fine Gael TD for the Leix–Offaly constituency at the 1948 general election. On the same day his brother, Michael O'Higgins, was also elected a TD. In the Second Inter-Party Government (1954–57), O'Higgins was appointed Minister for Health. During his period as Minister for Health he introduced the Voluntary Health Insurance Board (VHI). During the 1960s, O'Higgins worked closely with Garret FitzGerald and Declan Costello in re-shaping Fine Gael.

Presidential candidate

O'Higgins was chosen as the Fine Gael candidate in the 1966 presidential election. He faced the incumbent president and Fianna Fáil candidate Éamon de Valera. O'Higgins came within 1% of beating de Valera, which was much better than he had hoped.

In 1973, O'Higgins was again chosen once again as the Fine Gael candidate in the presidential election. This time he faced former Fianna Fáil Tánaiste and Minister, Erskine H. Childers. Childers was elected by 52% to 48%.

Judicial career

Shortly afterwards O'Higgins was appointed a Judge of the High Court. In 1974, after the sudden death of Chief Justice William FitzGerald, O'Higgins, although the most junior High Court judge, was chosen to replace him as Chief Justice of Ireland in the Supreme Court and a judge of the Supreme Court.

After the sudden death of Erskine H. Childers, O'Higgins, in his role as Chief Justice swore in Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh as President of Ireland. He was Chief Justice until 1985, when he was appointed a Judge of the European Court of Justice. He remained there until 1991.

O'Higgins died on 25 February 2003, at the age of 86.

See also

• List of members of the European Court of Justice
• Families in the Oireachtas
• Norris v. Attorney General
• Marleasing SA v La Comercial Internacional de Alimentacion SA