Tropical Depression Twelve-E (2011)

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Tropical Depression Twelve-E
Tropical depression (SSHWS/NWS)
Twelve-E just off the coast of Mexico.
FormedOctober 12, 2011
DissipatedOctober 13, 2011
Highest winds1-minute sustained: 35 mph (55 km/h)
Lowest pressure1005 mbar (hPa); 29.68 inHg
Fatalities80 confirmed
Areas affectedSouthwestern Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica
Part of the 2011 Pacific hurricane season

Tropical Depression Twelve was the twelfth tropical depression to develop during the 2011 Pacific hurricane season. It formed from a tropical disturbance roughly hundred miles south of Mexico, which fluctuated in organization for several days. By October 12, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) deemed the associated low pressure-area well defined enough for it to be considered a tropical depression. After attaining peak wind speeds of 35 mph (55 km/h), the depression moved ashore between Salina Cruz and Arriaga, Mexico. It dropped heavy rainfall over large portions of Central America, causing significant flooding and at least 80 fatalities in the region.[1]

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

Early on October 7, an area of disturbed weather formed a few hundred miles south of the Mexico coast.[2] The disturbance quickly became more organized[3] and two days later, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) remarked that the low would likely deepen into a tropical depression.[4] However, thunderstorm activity diminished greatly near the center of circulation,[5] with what little shower activity there was left displaced to the east due to high wind shear.[6] On October 12, the system was finally declared a tropical depression.[7]

Although the depression was initially forecast to briefly reach tropical storm status, this failed to occur; instead, it remained a large monsoon-like system with the strongest winds well removed from the center.[8] Shortly thereafter, the depression moved ashore between Salina Cruz and Arriaga. Deep convection decreased after landfall[9] and it dissipated within 24 hours after formation.[10]

Preparations and impact

Upon the formation of a tropical cyclone, a tropical storm warning was issued for areas from Barra De Tonala to the Guatemala–Mexico border.[7] The depression dropped intense precipitation over large parts of Central America, with many areas still receiving heavy rains. In 24 hours, rainfall totals of more than 12 in (305 mm) were recorded in Guatemala.[11] Extensive flooding and multiple landslides caused heavy damage to roads, cutting them off to traffic. The profuse rainwater filled up rivers, causing them to overflow and exacerbating the flooding. It affected at least 81 of the country's 333 municipalities, and about 340 homes sustained damage. Authorities confirmed the deaths of at least twenty three people, and there were up to 30,000 storm victims in the country.[12][13]

According to preliminary reports, heavy downpours caused extensive infrastructural damage and the collapse of six bridges in Nicaragua. Several telephone and electricity poles were downed, disrupting the services to customers. Storm-related incidents caused the deaths of at least five people and affected around 3,000 others to some degree.[12][14] Similar impact was reported in El Salvador, where over 15.7 in (400 mm) of rain fell in several locations.[15] At the risk of flooding, up to 4,300 residents sought shelter in schools, churches and public centers. At least 21 rivers burst their banks due to the flooding rains, while numerous mudslides inflicted damage to roads. Heavy damage also occurred to crop, particularly in coffee, beans, and maize plantains. Overall, at least 24 people were killed when the storm damaged their residences.[13] Elsewhere in Costa Rica, landslides and flooding damaged property and roads, but there were no fatalities in the country. In Honduras at least 9 people were killed and thousands evacuated.[14]

See also

References

  1. ^ http://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idAFTRE79E2XX20111015
  2. ^ Beven, Jack (October 7, 2011). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 7, 2011.
  3. ^ Blake, Eric (October 7, 2011). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 7, 2011.
  4. ^ Cangialosi, John (October 8, 2011). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
  5. ^ Berg, Robbie (October 9, 2011). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
  6. ^ Berg, Robbie (October 9, 2011). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
  7. ^ a b Brennan, Micheal (October 12, 2011). "Tropical Depression One-E Advisory 1". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 12, 2011.
  8. ^ Kimberlain, Todd (October 12, 2011). "Tropical Depression Twelve-E Discussion 2". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 12, 2011.
  9. ^ Pasch, Robert (October 12, 2011). "Tropical Depression Twelve-E Discussion 3". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 13, 2011.
  10. ^ Kimberlain, Todd (October 13, 2011). "Tropical Depression Twelve-E Discussion 4". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 13, 2011.
  11. ^ Template:Es icon Unattributed (2011-10-13). "Seguirán lluvias sobre Guatemala". Prensa Latina. Retrieved 2011-10-13.
  12. ^ a b Template:Es icon Agence France-Presse (2011-10-12). "Al menos 19 muertos y 40.000 afectados por lluvias en Centroamérica". Google News. Retrieved 2011-10-12.
  13. ^ a b Template:Es icon Reuters (2011-10-14). "Suben a 34 los fallecidos por lluvias en Centroamérica". El Nacional. Retrieved 2011-10-15. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  14. ^ a b Template:Es icon EFE (2011-10-13). "Cerca de 30 muertos por lluvias que comienzan a amainar en Centroamérica". Univision Communications Inc. Retrieved 2011-10-13.
  15. ^ Template:Es icon López, Raimundo. "Esperan disminución de las lluvias en El Salvador". Prensa Latina. Retrieved 2011-10-13.
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